ID   LHX1_MOUSE              Reviewed;         406 AA.
AC   P63006; P36199;
DT   31-AUG-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   31-AUG-2004, sequence version 1.
DT   27-MAR-2024, entry version 156.
DE   RecName: Full=LIM/homeobox protein Lhx1;
DE            Short=LIM homeobox protein 1;
DE   AltName: Full=Homeobox protein Lim-1;
GN   Name=Lhx1; Synonyms=Lim-1, Lim1;
OS   Mus musculus (Mouse).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Murinae; Mus; Mus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10090;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC   STRAIN=BALB/cJ; TISSUE=Brain;
RX   PubMed=7909459; DOI=10.1002/aja.1001990108;
RA   Fujii T., Pichel J.G., Taira M., Toyama R., Dawid I.B., Westphal H.;
RT   "Expression patterns of the murine LIM class homeobox gene lim1 in the
RT   developing brain and excretory system.";
RL   Dev. Dyn. 199:73-83(1994).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC   TISSUE=Embryo;
RX   PubMed=7904966; DOI=10.1006/dbio.1994.1018;
RA   Barnes J.D., Crosby J.L., Jones C.M., Wright C.V., Hogan B.L.;
RT   "Embryonic expression of Lim-1, the mouse homolog of Xenopus Xlim-1,
RT   suggests a role in lateral mesoderm differentiation and neurogenesis.";
RL   Dev. Biol. 161:168-178(1994).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=129/SvEv;
RX   PubMed=10337615; DOI=10.1007/s003359901020;
RA   Li Y., Cheah S.S., Deng J.M., Shawlot W., Behringer R.R.;
RT   "Sequence and genomic organization of the mouse Lim1 gene.";
RL   Mamm. Genome 10:444-446(1999).
RN   [4]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX   PubMed=8793615;
RA   Karavanov A.A., Saint-Jeannet J.P., Karavanova I., Taira M., Dawid I.B.;
RT   "The LIM homeodomain protein Lim-1 is widely expressed in neural, neural
RT   crest and mesoderm derivatives in vertebrate development.";
RL   Int. J. Dev. Biol. 40:453-461(1996).
RN   [5]
RP   INTERACTION WITH LDB1, AND MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-28 AND CYS-88.
RX   PubMed=8918878; DOI=10.1038/384270a0;
RA   Agulnick A.D., Taira M., Breen J.J., Tanaka T., Dawid I.B., Westphal H.;
RT   "Interactions of the LIM-domain-binding factor Ldb1 with LIM homeodomain
RT   proteins.";
RL   Nature 384:270-272(1996).
RN   [6]
RP   INTERACTION WITH LDB1.
RX   PubMed=9468533; DOI=10.1074/jbc.273.8.4712;
RA   Breen J.J., Agulnick A.D., Westphal H., Dawid I.B.;
RT   "Interactions between LIM domains and the LIM domain-binding protein
RT   Ldb1.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 273:4712-4717(1998).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Potential transcription factor. May play a role in early
CC       mesoderm formation and later in lateral mesoderm differentiation and
CC       neurogenesis. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7904966}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with LDB1 via the tandem LIM domains.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8918878, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9468533}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:8793615}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: In mid to late stage embryos, expressed in a
CC       restricted region of mesoderm in the primitive streak. At 7.5 days,
CC       expressed in a horseshoe shape at the periphery of the node, as well as
CC       along both sides of the adjacent notochord. Also present in presumptive
CC       lateral and intermediate mesoderm. Later, expression become
CC       progressively restricted to intermediate mesoderm, and the developing
CC       excretory system including the pronephric region, mesonephros, nephric
CC       duct and metanephros. In the metanephros, strongly expressed in renal
CC       vesicles and S-shaped and coma-shaped bodies, as well as in the
CC       ureteric bud and its derivatives. Also expressed in the dorsal root
CC       ganglia. By stage 10.5, also expressed in regions of the central
CC       nervous system in the telencephalon through to the spinal cord. In
CC       adults, expressed in the cerebellum/medulla and kidney, and at very low
CC       levels in the cerebrum. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7904966,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:7909459, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8793615}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in both embryos and adults.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7909459}.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: The LIM domains exert a negative regulatory function and
CC       disruption of the LIM domains produces an activated form. In addition,
CC       two activation domains and a negative regulatory domain exist C-
CC       terminally to the homeobox (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
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DR   EMBL; Z27410; CAA81797.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; S68107; AAC60669.2; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AF039706; AAD02169.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF039705; AAD02169.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS25187.1; -.
DR   PIR; I48637; I48637.
DR   RefSeq; NP_032524.1; NM_008498.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P63006; -.
DR   SMR; P63006; -.
DR   BioGRID; 201154; 2.
DR   IntAct; P63006; 2.
DR   STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000018842; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P63006; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; P63006; -.
DR   PaxDb; 10090-ENSMUSP00000018842; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 264981; -.
DR   Antibodypedia; 72534; 614 antibodies from 34 providers.
DR   DNASU; 16869; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSMUST00000018842.14; ENSMUSP00000018842.7; ENSMUSG00000018698.16.
DR   GeneID; 16869; -.
DR   KEGG; mmu:16869; -.
DR   UCSC; uc007kqo.1; mouse.
DR   AGR; MGI:99783; -.
DR   CTD; 3975; -.
DR   MGI; MGI:99783; Lhx1.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000018698; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG0490; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00940000160834; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_027802_3_1_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; P63006; -.
DR   OMA; DSQDPCQ; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 932158at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; P63006; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF315442; -.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 16869; 0 hits in 79 CRISPR screens.
DR   PRO; PR:P63006; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 11.
DR   RNAct; P63006; Protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSMUSG00000018698; Expressed in hypoblast (generic) and 134 other cell types or tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; P63006; baseline and differential.
DR   GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; TAS:Reactome.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0032991; C:protein-containing complex; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005667; C:transcription regulator complex; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0000987; F:cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0000977; F:RNA polymerase II transcription regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:1990837; F:sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding; ISO:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0008270; F:zinc ion binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0048646; P:anatomical structure formation involved in morphogenesis; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0009653; P:anatomical structure morphogenesis; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0009948; P:anterior/posterior axis specification; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0009952; P:anterior/posterior pattern specification; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001658; P:branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0007267; P:cell-cell signaling; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0044344; P:cellular response to fibroblast growth factor stimulus; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0021702; P:cerebellar Purkinje cell differentiation; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0021937; P:cerebellar Purkinje cell-granule cell precursor cell signaling involved in regulation of granule cell precursor cell proliferation; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0021549; P:cerebellum development; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0060067; P:cervix development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0072049; P:comma-shaped body morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0009953; P:dorsal/ventral pattern formation; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001705; P:ectoderm formation; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0009880; P:embryonic pattern specification; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0060059; P:embryonic retina morphogenesis in camera-type eye; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048703; P:embryonic viscerocranium morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0007492; P:endoderm development; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001706; P:endoderm formation; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0060429; P:epithelium development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0021871; P:forebrain regionalization; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001702; P:gastrulation with mouth forming second; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0060322; P:head development; IGI:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0001822; P:kidney development; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0097477; P:lateral motor column neuron migration; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048382; P:mesendoderm development; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0072177; P:mesonephric duct development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0001823; P:mesonephros development; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0072278; P:metanephric comma-shaped body morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0072224; P:metanephric glomerulus development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0035502; P:metanephric part of ureteric bud development; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0072283; P:metanephric renal vesicle morphogenesis; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0072284; P:metanephric S-shaped body morphogenesis; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0001656; P:metanephros development; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0008045; P:motor neuron axon guidance; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0035849; P:nephric duct elongation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0072178; P:nephric duct morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030182; P:neuron differentiation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0060066; P:oviduct development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0035846; P:oviduct epithelium development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0061205; P:paramesonephric duct development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0007389; P:pattern specification process; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:2000744; P:positive regulation of anterior head development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0090190; P:positive regulation of branching involved in ureteric bud morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045893; P:positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0040019; P:positive regulation of embryonic development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:2000543; P:positive regulation of gastrulation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:2000768; P:positive regulation of nephron tubule epithelial cell differentiation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0009791; P:post-embryonic development; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0090009; P:primitive streak formation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0048793; P:pronephros development; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0010468; P:regulation of gene expression; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0072077; P:renal vesicle morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0060041; P:retina development in camera-type eye; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0010842; P:retina layer formation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0072050; P:S-shaped body morphogenesis; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0032525; P:somite rostral/caudal axis specification; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0021527; P:spinal cord association neuron differentiation; IGI:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0021510; P:spinal cord development; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0021537; P:telencephalon development; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006366; P:transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0072197; P:ureter morphogenesis; IGI:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001657; P:ureteric bud development; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0001655; P:urogenital system development; IMP:MGI.
DR   GO; GO:0035847; P:uterine epithelium development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0060065; P:uterus development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0060068; P:vagina development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0021517; P:ventral spinal cord development; IEP:UniProtKB.
DR   CDD; cd00086; homeodomain; 1.
DR   CDD; cd09367; LIM1_Lhx1_Lhx5; 1.
DR   CDD; cd09375; LIM2_Lhx1_Lhx5; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 2.10.110.10; Cysteine Rich Protein; 2.
DR   Gene3D; 1.10.10.60; Homeodomain-like; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009057; Homeobox-like_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR017970; Homeobox_CS.
DR   InterPro; IPR001356; Homeobox_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR049618; Lhx1/5_LIM1.
DR   InterPro; IPR049619; Lhx1/5_LIM2.
DR   InterPro; IPR001781; Znf_LIM.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR24208; LIM/HOMEOBOX PROTEIN LHX; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR24208:SF106; LIM_HOMEOBOX PROTEIN LHX1; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00046; Homeodomain; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00412; LIM; 2.
DR   SMART; SM00389; HOX; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00132; LIM; 2.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF57716; Glucocorticoid receptor-like (DNA-binding domain); 2.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF46689; Homeodomain-like; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00027; HOMEOBOX_1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50071; HOMEOBOX_2; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00478; LIM_DOMAIN_1; 2.
DR   PROSITE; PS50023; LIM_DOMAIN_2; 2.
DR   Genevisible; P63006; MM.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Developmental protein; Differentiation; DNA-binding; Homeobox; LIM domain;
KW   Metal-binding; Neurogenesis; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome;
KW   Repeat; Transcription; Transcription regulation; Zinc.
FT   CHAIN           1..406
FT                   /note="LIM/homeobox protein Lhx1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000075771"
FT   DOMAIN          4..54
FT                   /note="LIM zinc-binding 1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00125"
FT   DOMAIN          63..117
FT                   /note="LIM zinc-binding 2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00125"
FT   DNA_BIND        180..239
FT                   /note="Homeobox"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108"
FT   REGION          128..189
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   REGION          294..372
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        128..147
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        148..179
FT                   /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   COMPBIAS        297..313
FT                   /note="Polar residues"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   MOD_RES         162
FT                   /note="Phosphoserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P63007"
FT   MUTAGEN         28
FT                   /note="C->G: Disrupts LDB1-binding; when associated with
FT                   G-88."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:8918878"
FT   MUTAGEN         88
FT                   /note="C->G: Disrupts LDB1-binding; when associated with
FT                   G-28."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:8918878"
FT   CONFLICT        12
FT                   /note="L -> LARQVRPVL (in Ref. 2)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        24..31
FT                   /note="Missing (in Ref. 2; AAC60669)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        236
FT                   /note="R -> A (in Ref. 2; AAC60669)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT   CONFLICT        335
FT                   /note="H -> HH (in Ref. 2; AAC60669)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ   SEQUENCE   406 AA;  44780 MW;  CC8637984998ADAF CRC64;
     MVHCAGCKRP ILDRFLLNVL DRAWHVKCVQ CCECKCNLTE KCFSREGKLY CKNDFFRCFG
     TKCAGCAQGI SPSDLVRRAR SKVFHLNCFT CMMCNKQLST GEELYIIDEN KFVCKEDYLS
     NSSVAKENSL HSATTGSDPS LSPDSQDPSQ DDAKDSESAN VSDKEGGSNE NDDQNLGAKR
     RGPRTTIKAK QLETLKAAFA ATPKPTRHIR EQLAQETGLN MRVIQVWFQN RRSKERRMKQ
     LSALGARRHA FFRSPRRMRP LVDRLEPGEL IPNGPFSFYG DYQSEYYGPG GNYDFFPQGP
     PSSQAQTPVD LPFVPSSGPS GTPLGGLDHP LPGHHPSSEA QRFTDILAHP PGDSPSPEPS
     LPGPLHSMSA EVFGPSPPFS SLSVNGGASY GNHLSHPPEM NEAAVW
//