P62998 (RAC1_BOVIN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1

Alternative name(s):
p21-Rac1

Gene names

Name:

RAC1

Organism

Bos taurus (Bovine) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9913 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Laurasiatheria › Cetartiodactyla › Ruminantia › Pecora › Bovidae › Bovinae › Bos

Protein attributes

Sequence length	192 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound states. In its active state, binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses such as secretory processes, phagocytosis of apoptotic cells, epithelial cell polarization and growth-factor induced formation of membrane ruffles. Stimulates PKN2 kinase activity. In concert with RAB7A, plays a role in regulating the formation of RBs (ruffled borders) in osteoclasts. In glioma cells, promotes cell migration and invasion By similarity.
Enzyme regulation	Regulated by guanine nucleotide exchange factors (GEFs) which promote the exchange of bound GDP for free GTP, GTPase activating proteins (GAPs) which increase the GTP hydrolysis activity, and GDP dissociation inhibitors which inhibit the dissociation of the nucleotide from the GTPase. GTP hydrolysis is stimulated by ARHGAP30 By similarity.
Subunit structure	Interacts with the GEF proteins PREX1, RASGRF2, DOCK1, DOCK2 and DOCK7, which promote the exchange between GDP and GTP, and therefore activate it. Interacts with PARD6A, PARD6B and PARD6G in a GTP-dependent manner. Part of a quaternary complex containing PARD3, some PARD6 protein (PARD6A, PARD6B or PARD6G) and some atypical PKC protein (PRKCI or PRKCZ), which plays a central role in epithelial cell polarization. Found in a trimeric complex composed of DOCK1 and ELMO1, which plays a central role in phagocytosis of apoptotic cells. Interacts with RALBP1 via its effector domain. Interacts with BAIAP2, BAIAP2L1, PLXNB1 and DEF6. Interacts with NISCH and NOXA1. Interacts with ARHGEF2. Probably found in a ternary complex composed of DSCAM, PAK1 and RAC1. Interacts with DSCAM; the interaction requires PAK1. Interacts with TBC1D2. Interacts with USP6. Interacts with SPATA13. Interacts with ARHGEF16; mediates activation of RAC1 by EPHA2. Interacts with ITGB4. Interacts with PIP5K1A. Interacts (GTP-bound form preferentially) with PKN2 (via the REM repeats); the interaction stimulates autophosphorylation and phosphorylation of PKN2. Interacts with the GTP-bound form of RAB7A. Interacts with SRGAP2. Interacts with S100A8 and calprotectin (S100A8/9). Interacts with PLXNB3. Interacts with ARHGDIA; the interaction is induced by SEMA5A and mediated through PLXNB3 By similarity. Interacts with CYFIP1/SRA-1. Ref.3
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor; Cytoplasmic side By similarity. Melanosome By similarity. Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Inner surface of plasma membrane possibly with attachment requiring prenylation of the C-terminal cysteine. Found in the ruffled border (a late endosomal-like compartment in the plasma membrane) of bone-resorbing osteoclasts By similarity.
Domain	The effector region mediates interaction with DEF6 By similarity.
Post-translational modification	GTP-bound active form is ubiquitinated by HACE1, leading to its degradation by the proteasome By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Cytoplasm Membrane
Ligand	GTP-binding Nucleotide-binding
PTM	Isopeptide bond Lipoprotein Methylation Prenylation Ubl conjugation
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	Wnt receptor signaling pathway, planar cell polarity pathway Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara anatomical structure arrangement Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara auditory receptor cell morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara axon guidance Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cell motility Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cell-cell junction organization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cerebral cortex radially oriented cell migration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cochlea morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara cytoskeleton organization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara dendrite morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara dopaminergic neuron differentiation Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara embryonic olfactory bulb interneuron precursor migration Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara engulfment of apoptotic cell Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara epithelial cell morphogenesis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara hyperosmotic response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara lamellipodium assembly Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara localization within membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara negative regulation of interleukin-23 production Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of actin filament polymerization Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of lamellipodium assembly Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara regulation of cell migration Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB regulation of respiratory burst Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara ruffle assembly Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara small GTPase mediated signal transduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara substrate adhesion-dependent cell spreading Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Cellular_component	extrinsic to plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara lamellipodium Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara melanosome Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell phagocytic cup Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara ruffle membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	GTP binding Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB GTPase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 189	189	Ras-related C3 botulinum toxin substrate 1		PRO_0000042032
	Propeptide	190 – 192	3	Removed in mature form By similarity		PRO_0000042033
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	10 – 17	8	GTP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	57 – 61	5	GTP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	115 – 118	4	GTP By similarity
	Motif	32 – 40	9	Effector region Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	189	1	Cysteine methyl ester By similarity
	Lipidation	189	1	S-geranylgeranyl cysteine By similarity
	Cross-link	147		Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in ubiquitin) By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P62998 [UniParc]. Last modified August 31, 2004. Version 1. Checksum: ACEDF83A45E5EA67	FASTA	192	21,450
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MQAIKCVVVG DGAVGKTCLL ISYTTNAFPG EYIPTVFDNY SANVMVDGKP VNLGLWDTAG 70 80 90 100 110 120 QEDYDRLRPL SYPQTDVFLI CFSLVSPASF ENVRAKWYPE VRHHCPNTPI ILVGTKLDLR 130 140 150 160 170 180 DDKDTIEKLK EKKLTPITYP QGLAMAKEIG AVKYLECSAL TQRGLKTVFD EAIRAVLCPP 190 PVKKRKRKCL LL

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning of bovine low molecular weight GTPases (Rac1 and Rac2) and Rho GDP-dissociation inhibitor 2 (D4-GDI)." Davis A.R., Clements M.K., Bunger P.L., Siemsen D.W., Quinn M.T. Vet. Immunol. Immunopathol. 74:285-301(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	NIH - Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC) project Submitted (AUG-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Hereford. Tissue: Thymus.
[3]	"p140Sra-1 (specifically Rac1-associated protein) is a novel specific target for Rac1 small GTPase." Kobayashi K., Kuroda S., Fukata M., Nakamura T., Nagase T., Nomura N., Matsuura Y., Yoshida-Kubomura N., Iwamatsu A., Kaibuchi K. J. Biol. Chem. 273:291-295(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH CYFIP1.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF175262 mRNA. Translation: AAF00714.1. BC103061 mRNA. Translation: AAI03062.1.
IPI	IPI00689229.
RefSeq	NP_776588.1. NM_174163.2.
UniGene	Bt.106827.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P62998.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9913.ENSBTAP00000012170.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P62998.
PRIDE	P62998.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	281440.
KEGG	bta:281440.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	5879.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG1100.
HOGENOM	HOG000233974.
HOVERGEN	HBG009351.
InParanoid	P62998.
KO	K04392.
OrthoDB	EOG466VN1.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P62998.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR005225. Small_GTP-bd_dom. IPR001806. Small_GTPase. IPR003578. Small_GTPase_Rho. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00071. Ras. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00449. RASTRNSFRMNG.
SMART	SM00174. RHO. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00231. small_GTP. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS51420. RHO. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
BindingDB	P62998.
NextBio	20805425.

Entry information

Entry name

RAC1_BOVIN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P62998
Secondary accession number(s): O95501 , P15154, Q3ZBW9, Q9BTB4

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 31, 2004
Last sequence update:	August 31, 2004
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 88 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program