P62745 (RHOB_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 112.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB Alternative name(s): Rho cDNA clone 6 Short name=h6 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 196 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Mediates apoptosis in neoplastically transformed cells after DNA damage. Not essential for development but affects cell adhesion and growth factor signaling in transformed cells. Plays a negative role in tumorigenesis as deletion causes tumor formation. Involved in intracellular protein trafficking of a number of proteins. Targets PKN1 to endosomes and is involved in trafficking of the EGF receptor from late endosomes to lysosomes. Also required for stability and nuclear trafficking of AKT1/AKT which promotes endothelial cell survival during vascular development. Serves as a microtubule-dependent signal that is required for the myosin contractile ring formation during cell cycle cytokinesis. Required for genotoxic stress-induced cell death in breast cancer cells. Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.19 Ref.21 |
| Subunit structure | Binds ROCK1 and ROCK2. Also binds PKN1/PRK1. Interacts with ARGGEF3, RTKN and AKAP13. Ref.11 Ref.17 Ref.18 |
| Subcellular location | Late endosome membrane; Lipid-anchor. Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor. Nucleus. Cleavage furrow. Note: Late endosomal membrane (geranylgeranylated form). Plasma membrane (farnesylated form). Also detected at the nuclear margin and in the nucleus. Translocates to the equatorial region before furrow formation in a ECT2-dependent manner. Ref.13 Ref.14 Ref.19 |
| Induction | Up-regulated by DNA damaging agents like H2O2 or ionizing radiation (IR). Ref.21 |
| Post-translational modification | Prenylation specifies the subcellular location of RHOB. The farnesylated form is localized to the plasma membrane while the geranylgeranylated form is localized to the endosome. |
| Miscellaneous | RHOB is one of the targets of farnesyltransferase inhibitors which are currently under investigation as cancer therapeutics. These elevate the levels of geranylgeranylated RHOB and cause mislocalization, leading to apoptosis and antineoplastic effects. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the small GTPase superfamily. Rho family. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TNFAIP1 | Q13829 | 5 | EBI-602647,EBI-2505861 |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 193 | 193 | Rho-related GTP-binding protein RhoB | PRO_0000030417 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Propeptide | 194 – 196 | 3 | Removed in mature form | PRO_0000030418 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 12 – 19 | 8 | GTP By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 59 – 63 | 5 | GTP By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 117 – 120 | 4 | GTP By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Motif | 34 – 42 | 9 | Effector region Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 41 | 1 | ADP-ribosylasparagine; by botulinum toxin By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 154 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 193 | 1 | Cysteine methyl ester Ref.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lipidation | 189 | 1 | S-palmitoyl cysteine Ref.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lipidation | 192 | 1 | S-palmitoyl cysteine Ref.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lipidation | 193 | 1 | S-farnesyl cysteine; in plasma membrane form Ref.15 Ref.16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Lipidation | 193 | 1 | S-geranylgeranyl cysteine; in endosomal form Ref.15 Ref.16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 14 | 1 | G → V: No effect on internalization of EGF receptor but decreases trafficking of receptor to the lysosome with associated accumulation in late endosomes. Ref.13 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 39 | 1 | F → G: Abolishes binding to PKN1 and trafficking of EGF receptor. Ref.12 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 189 | 1 | C → S: No effect on prenylation. Reduced palmitoylation. Abolishes palmitoylation; when associated with S-192. Ref.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 192 | 1 | C → S: Reduced geranylgeranylation but no effect on farnesylation. Reduced palmitoylation. Abolishes palmitoylation; when associated with S-189. Ref.15 Ref.16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 193 | 1 | C → S: Abolishes methylation, palmitoylation and prenylation. Ref.15 Ref.16 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 194 | 1 | K → L: No effect on palmitoylation or prenylation. Ref.15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 4 – 12 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 18 – 27 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 41 – 48 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 51 – 59 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 67 – 69 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 70 – 73 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 79 – 85 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 89 – 97 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 99 – 106 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 112 – 117 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 119 – 123 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 125 – 133 | 9 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 141 – 150 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 154 – 158 | 5 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Turn | 161 – 163 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 167 – 179 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
| ||||||||||||||||||
References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Coding sequence of human rho cDNAs clone 6 and clone 9." Chardin P., Madaule P., Tavitian A. Nucleic Acids Res. 16:2717-2717(1988) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [2] | "cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org)." Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S. Submitted (APR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Halleck A., Ebert L., Mkoundinya M., Schick M., Eisenstein S., Neubert P., Kstrang K., Schatten R., Shen B., Henze S., Mar W., Korn B., Zuo D., Hu Y., LaBaer J. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Hippocampus. |
| [5] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [6] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [9] | Lubec G., Chen W.-Q., Sun Y. Submitted (DEC-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 8-27; 52-68; 105-118 AND 151-162, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Fetal brain cortex. |
| [10] | "A novel ras-related gene family." Madaule P., Axel R. Cell 41:31-40(1985) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 29-196. |
| [11] | "PRK1 is targeted to endosomes by the small GTPase, RhoB." Mellor H., Flynn P., Nobes C.D., Hall A., Parker P.J. J. Biol. Chem. 273:4811-4814(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH PKN1. |
| [12] | "Regulation of epidermal growth factor receptor traffic by the small GTPase rhoB." Gampel A., Parker P.J., Mellor H. Curr. Biol. 9:955-958(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF PHE-39. |
| [13] | "Farnesyltransferase inhibitors disrupt EGF receptor traffic through modulation of the RhoB GTPase." Wherlock M., Gampel A., Futter C., Mellor H. J. Cell Sci. 117:3221-3231(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-14. |
| [14] | "Ultrastructural localization of ras-related proteins using epitope-tagged plasmids." Robertson D., Paterson H.F., Adamson P., Hall A., Monaghan P. J. Histochem. Cytochem. 43:471-480(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [15] | "Post-translational modifications of p21rho proteins." Adamson P., Marshall C.J., Hall A., Tilbrook P.A. J. Biol. Chem. 267:20033-20038(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PALMITOYLATION AT CYS-189 AND CYS-192, ISOPRENYLATION AT CYS-193, METHYLATION AT CYS-193, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-189; CYS-192; CYS-193 AND LYS-194. |
| [16] | "CAAX geranylgeranyl transferase transfers farnesyl as efficiently as geranylgeranyl to RhoB." Armstrong S.A., Hannah V.C., Goldstein J.L., Brown M.S. J. Biol. Chem. 270:7864-7868(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ISOPRENYLATION AT CYS-193, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-192 AND CYS-193. |
| [17] | "AKAP-Lbc anchors protein kinase A and nucleates Galpha 12-selective Rho-mediated stress fiber formation." Diviani D., Soderling J., Scott J.D. J. Biol. Chem. 276:44247-44257(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH AKAP13. |
| [18] | "XPLN, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor for RhoA and RhoB, but not RhoC." Arthur W.T., Ellerbroek S.M., Der C.J., Burridge K., Wennerberg K. J. Biol. Chem. 277:42964-42972(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH ARHGEF3. |
| [19] | "Dissecting the role of Rho-mediated signaling in contractile ring formation." Kamijo K., Ohara N., Abe M., Uchimura T., Hosoya H., Lee J.S., Miki T. Mol. Biol. Cell 17:43-55(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [20] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [21] | "The nuclear guanine nucleotide exchange factors Ect2 and Net1 regulate RhoB-mediated cell death after DNA damage." Srougi M.C., Burridge K. PLoS ONE 6:E17108-E17108(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | X06820 mRNA. Translation: CAA29968.1. AF498971 mRNA. Translation: AAM21118.1. CR542272 mRNA. Translation: CAG47068.1. AK124398 mRNA. Translation: BAG54035.1. AK312487 mRNA. Translation: BAG35389.1. BT019546 mRNA. Translation: AAV38353.1. BT019547 mRNA. Translation: AAV38354.1. AC023137 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY24345.1. CH471053 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX00819.1. CH471053 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX00820.1. BC066954 mRNA. Translation: AAH66954.1. M12174 mRNA. Translation: AAA36565.1. BK001232 mRNA. Translation: DAA01138.1. BK001671 Genomic DNA. Translation: DAA01912.1. | ||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00000041. | ||||||||||||
| PIR | TVHURH. A01372. | ||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_004031.1. NM_004040.2. | ||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.502876. | ||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
| ||||||||||||
| ProteinModelPortal | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||
| IntAct | P62745. 20 interactions. | ||||||||||||
| MINT | MINT-4824810. | ||||||||||||
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000272233. | ||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P62745. | ||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||
| DMDM | 51338601. | ||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||
| PaxDb | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| PeptideAtlas | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P62745. | ||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||
| DNASU | 388. | ||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000272233; ENSP00000272233; ENSG00000143878. | ||||||||||||
| GeneID | 388. | ||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:388. | ||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc002rdv.3. human. | ||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||
| CTD | 388. | ||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC02P020568. | ||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:668. RHOB. | ||||||||||||
| HPA | CAB004560. | ||||||||||||
| MIM | 165370. gene. | ||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_P62745. | ||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA24950. | ||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||
| eggNOG | COG1100. | ||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HOG000233974. | ||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG009351. | ||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| KO | K07856. | ||||||||||||
| OMA | DGRAMAM. | ||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P62745. | ||||||||||||
Enzyme and pathway databases | |||||||||||||
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | p75ntrpathway. p75(NTR)-mediated signaling. | ||||||||||||
| Reactome | REACT_111045. Developmental Biology. REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_604. Hemostasis. | ||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| Bgee | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_RHOB. | ||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000143878. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR005225. Small_GTP-bd_dom. IPR001806. Small_GTPase. IPR003578. Small_GTPase_Rho. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| Pfam | PF00071. Ras. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| PRINTS | PR00449. RASTRNSFRMNG. | ||||||||||||
| SMART | SM00174. RHO. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| TIGRFAMs | TIGR00231. small_GTP. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS51420. RHO. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1795102. | ||||||||||||
| ChiTaRS | RHOB. human. | ||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | P62745. | ||||||||||||
| GenomeRNAi | 388. | ||||||||||||
| NextBio | 1615. | ||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | RHOB_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P62745 Secondary accession number(s): B2R692 Q9CUV7 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
