ID TGFB2_HUMAN Reviewed; 414 AA. AC P61812; B4DKC5; P08112; Q15579; Q15581; Q4VAV9; DT 01-AUG-1988, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-AUG-1988, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 201. DE RecName: Full=Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein; DE AltName: Full=Cetermin; DE AltName: Full=Glioblastoma-derived T-cell suppressor factor {ECO:0000303|PubMed:3322813}; DE Short=G-TSF {ECO:0000303|PubMed:3322813}; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Latency-associated peptide; DE Short=LAP; DE Contains: DE RecName: Full=Transforming growth factor beta-2; DE Short=TGF-beta-2; DE Flags: Precursor; GN Name=TGFB2; OS Homo sapiens (Human). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae; OC Homo. OX NCBI_TaxID=9606; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM A). RX PubMed=3322813; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1987.tb02700.x; RA de Martin R., Haendler B., Hofer-Warbinek R., Gaugitsch H., Wrann M., RA Schluesener H., Seifert J.M., Bodmer S., Fontana A., Hofer E.; RT "Complementary DNA for human glioblastoma-derived T cell suppressor factor, RT a novel member of the transforming growth factor-beta gene family."; RL EMBO J. 6:3673-3677(1987). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM B). RX PubMed=3162414; DOI=10.1089/dna.1988.7.1; RA Madisen L., Webb N.R., Rose T.M., Marquardt H., Ikeda T., Twardzik D.R., RA Seyedin S., Purchio A.F.; RT "Transforming growth factor-beta 2: cDNA cloning and sequence analysis."; RL DNA 7:1-8(1988). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS A AND B). RX PubMed=2850146; DOI=10.1089/dna.1.1988.7.493; RA Webb N.R., Madisen L., Rose T.M., Purchio A.F.; RT "Structural and sequence analysis of TGF-beta 2 cDNA clones predicts two RT different precursor proteins produced by alternative mRNA splicing."; RL DNA 7:493-497(1988). RN [4] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS HIS-91 AND LEU-207. RG NIEHS SNPs program; RL Submitted (OCT-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [5] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM B). RC TISSUE=Thalamus; RX PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285; RA Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., RA Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., RA Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S., RA Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., RA Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., RA Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., RA Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., RA Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., RA Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., RA Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., RA Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., RA Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., RA Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., RA Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., RA Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., RA Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., RA Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., RA Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., RA Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., RA Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., RA Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., RA Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., RA Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., RA Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., RA Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., RA Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., RA Isogai T., Sugano S.; RT "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human RT cDNAs."; RL Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004). RN [6] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. RA Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., RA Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., RA Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., RA Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., RA Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., RA Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., RA Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.; RL Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases. RN [7] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [8] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-115. RC TISSUE=Lung; RX PubMed=1764261; DOI=10.3109/08977199109043910; RA Noma T., Glick A.B., Geiser A.G., O'Reilly M.A., Miller J., Roberts A.B., RA Sporn M.B.; RT "Molecular cloning and structure of the human transforming growth factor- RT beta 2 gene promoter."; RL Growth Factors 4:247-255(1991). RN [9] RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 303-414. RX PubMed=3476488; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(18)45325-2; RA Marquardt H., Lioubin M.N., Ikeda T.; RT "Complete amino acid sequence of human transforming growth factor type beta RT 2."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 262:12127-12131(1987). RN [10] RP CHROMOSOMAL TRANSLOCATION WITH HDAC9. RX PubMed=12706107; DOI=10.1016/s0888-7543(03)00046-6; RA David D., Cardoso J., Marques B., Marques R., Silva E.D., Santos H., RA Boavida M.G.; RT "Molecular characterization of a familial translocation implicates RT disruption of HDAC9 and possible position effect on TGFbeta2 in the RT pathogenesis of Peters' anomaly."; RL Genomics 81:489-503(2003). RN [11] RP INTERACTION WITH ASPN. RX PubMed=17827158; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m700522200; RA Nakajima M., Kizawa H., Saitoh M., Kou I., Miyazono K., Ikegawa S.; RT "Mechanisms for asporin function and regulation in articular cartilage."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 282:32185-32192(2007). RN [12] RP INTERACTION WITH LRRC32. RX PubMed=19651619; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0901944106; RA Tran D.Q., Andersson J., Wang R., Ramsey H., Unutmaz D., Shevach E.M.; RT "GARP (LRRC32) is essential for the surface expression of latent TGF-beta RT on platelets and activated FOXP3+ regulatory T cells."; RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106:13445-13450(2009). RN [13] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.1 ANGSTROMS) OF 303-414, DISULFIDE BOND, AND RP SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=1631557; DOI=10.1126/science.1631557; RA Daopin S., Piez K.A., Ogawa Y., Davies D.R.; RT "Crystal structure of transforming growth factor-beta 2: an unusual fold RT for the superfamily."; RL Science 257:369-373(1992). RN [14] RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.2 ANGSTROMS)OF 303-414, DISULFIDE BOND, AND RP SUBUNIT. RX PubMed=1641027; DOI=10.1038/358430a0; RA Schlunegger M.P., Gruetter M.G.; RT "An unusual feature revealed by the crystal structure at 2.2-A resolution RT of human transforming growth factor-beta 2."; RL Nature 358:430-434(1992). RN [15] RP VARIANT HIS-91. RX PubMed=11528528; DOI=10.1038/sj.gene.6363780; RA Alansari A., Hajeer A.H., Bayat A., Eyre S., Carthy D., Ollier W.E.; RT "Two novel polymorphisms in the human transforming growth factor beta 2 RT gene."; RL Genes Immun. 2:295-296(2001). RN [16] RP INVOLVEMENT IN LDS4, VARIANTS LDS4 102-GLU--SER-414 DEL AND RP 229-CYS--SER-414 DEL, AND FUNCTION. RX PubMed=22772371; DOI=10.1038/ng.2348; RG National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Go Exome Sequencing Project; RA Boileau C., Guo D.C., Hanna N., Regalado E.S., Detaint D., Gong L., RA Varret M., Prakash S.K., Li A.H., d'Indy H., Braverman A.C., Grandchamp B., RA Kwartler C.S., Gouya L., Santos-Cortez R.L., Abifadel M., Leal S.M., RA Muti C., Shendure J., Gross M.S., Rieder M.J., Vahanian A., Nickerson D.A., RA Michel J.B., Jondeau G., Milewicz D.M.; RT "TGFB2 mutations cause familial thoracic aortic aneurysms and dissections RT associated with mild systemic features of Marfan syndrome."; RL Nat. Genet. 44:916-921(2012). RN [17] RP VARIANTS LDS4 100-ALA--TYR-104 DEL; TRP-299; CYS-302 AND HIS-338, AND RP FUNCTION. RX PubMed=22772368; DOI=10.1038/ng.2349; RA Lindsay M.E., Schepers D., Bolar N.A., Doyle J.J., Gallo E., Fert-Bober J., RA Kempers M.J., Fishman E.K., Chen Y., Myers L., Bjeda D., Oswald G., RA Elias A.F., Levy H.P., Anderlid B.M., Yang M.H., Bongers E.M., RA Timmermans J., Braverman A.C., Canham N., Mortier G.R., Brunner H.G., RA Byers P.H., Van Eyk J., Van Laer L., Dietz H.C., Loeys B.L.; RT "Loss-of-function mutations in TGFB2 cause a syndromic presentation of RT thoracic aortic aneurysm."; RL Nat. Genet. 44:922-927(2012). RN [18] RP INVOLVEMENT IN NON-SYNDROMIC AORTIC DISEASE, AND VARIANT CYS-320. RX PubMed=25046559; DOI=10.1016/j.cca.2014.07.016; RA Gago-Diaz M., Blanco-Verea A., Teixido-Tura G., Valenzuela I., RA Del Campo M., Borregan M., Sobrino B., Amigo J., Garcia-Dorado D., RA Evangelista A., Carracedo A., Brion M.; RT "Whole exome sequencing for the identification of a new mutation in TGFB2 RT involved in a familial case of non-syndromic aortic disease."; RL Clin. Chim. Acta 437:88-92(2014). CC -!- FUNCTION: [Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein]: Precursor of CC the Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming growth factor CC beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains, which constitute the regulatory and active CC subunit of TGF-beta-2, respectively. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137, CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04202}. CC -!- FUNCTION: [Latency-associated peptide]: Required to maintain the CC Transforming growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chain in a latent state CC during storage in extracellular matrix (By similarity). Associates non- CC covalently with TGF-beta-2 and regulates its activation via interaction CC with 'milieu molecules', such as LTBP1 and LRRC32/GARP, that control CC activation of TGF-beta-2 (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04202}. CC -!- FUNCTION: [Transforming growth factor beta-2]: Multifunctional protein CC that regulates various processes such as angiogenesis and heart CC development (PubMed:22772371, PubMed:22772368). Activation into mature CC form follows different steps: following cleavage of the proprotein in CC the Golgi apparatus, Latency-associated peptide (LAP) and Transforming CC growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chains remain non-covalently linked CC rendering TGF-beta-2 inactive during storage in extracellular matrix CC (By similarity). At the same time, LAP chain interacts with 'milieu CC molecules', such as LTBP1 and LRRC32/GARP, that control activation of CC TGF-beta-2 and maintain it in a latent state during storage in CC extracellular milieus (By similarity). Once activated following release CC of LAP, TGF-beta-2 acts by binding to TGF-beta receptors (TGFBR1 and CC TGFBR2), which transduce signal (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P04202, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772368, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772371}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with the serine proteases, HTRA1 and HTRA3 (By CC similarity). Interacts with ASPN (PubMed:17827158). Interacts with CC MFAP5 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137, CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27090, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17827158}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: [Latency-associated peptide]: Interacts with Transforming CC growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) chain; interaction is non-covalent CC and maintains (TGF-beta-2) in a latent state (By similarity). Interacts CC with LRRC32/GARP; leading to regulate activation of TGF-beta-2 CC (PubMed:19651619). Interacts with NREP; the interaction results in a CC decrease in TGFB2 autoinduction (By similarity). CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27090, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19651619}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: [Transforming growth factor beta-2]: Homodimer; disulfide- CC linked (PubMed:1631557, PubMed:1641027). Interacts with TGF-beta CC receptors (TGFBR1 and TGFBR2), leading to signal transduction (By CC similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137, CC ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P27090, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1631557, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:1641027}. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC P61812; P05067: APP; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-779581, EBI-77613; CC P61812; P13051-2: UNG; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-779581, EBI-25834258; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Latency-associated peptide]: Secreted, CC extracellular space, extracellular matrix CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137}. CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: [Transforming growth factor beta-2]: Secreted CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137}. CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS: CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2; CC Name=A; CC IsoId=P61812-1, P08112-1; Sequence=Displayed; CC Name=B; CC IsoId=P61812-2, P08112-2; Sequence=VSP_006417; CC -!- PTM: [Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein]: The precursor CC proprotein is cleaved in the Golgi apparatus to form Transforming CC growth factor beta-2 (TGF-beta-2) and Latency-associated peptide (LAP) CC chains, which remain non-covalently linked, rendering TGF-beta-2 CC inactive. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P01137}. CC -!- DISEASE: Note=A chromosomal aberration involving TGFB2 is found in a CC family with Peters anomaly. Translocation t(1;7)(q41;p21) with HDAC9. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12706107}. CC -!- DISEASE: Loeys-Dietz syndrome 4 (LDS4) [MIM:614816]: An aortic aneurysm CC syndrome with widespread systemic involvement. LDS4 is characterized by CC arterial tortuosity, aortic dissection, intracranial aneurysm and CC subarachnoid hemorrhage, hypertelorism, bifid uvula, pectus deformity, CC bicuspid aortic valve, arachnodactyly, scoliosis, foot deformities, CC dural ectasia, joint hyperflexibility, and thin skin with easy bruising CC and striae. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772368, ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772371}. CC Note=The disease is caused by variants affecting the gene represented CC in this entry. CC -!- DISEASE: Note=Defects in TGFB2 may be a cause of non-syndromic aortic CC disease (NSAD). NSAD is a frequently asymptomatic but potentially CC lethal disease characterized by thoracic aortic aneurysms and CC dissections without additional syndromic features. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25046559}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TGF-beta family. {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- CAUTION: In contrast to other members of the family, does not contain a CC R-G-D cell attachment site motif that mediates binding to integrins and CC promotes release of Latency-associated peptide (LAP) chain from TGF- CC beta-2. {ECO:0000305}. CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs; CC URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/tgfb2/"; CC -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=Wikipedia; Note=TGF beta-2 entry; CC URL="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TGF_beta_2"; CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; Y00083; CAA68279.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; M19154; AAA50404.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; M19154; AAA50405.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AY438979; AAR05442.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; AK296504; BAG59137.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; CH471100; EAW93326.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR EMBL; BC096235; AAH96235.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC099635; AAH99635.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; M87843; AAA61162.1; -; Genomic_DNA. DR CCDS; CCDS1521.1; -. DR CCDS; CCDS44318.1; -. [P61812-2] DR PIR; A29478; B31249. DR PIR; S06216; A31249. DR RefSeq; NP_001129071.1; NM_001135599.3. [P61812-2] DR RefSeq; NP_003229.1; NM_003238.4. [P61812-1] DR PDB; 1TFG; X-ray; 1.95 A; A=303-414. DR PDB; 2TGI; X-ray; 1.80 A; A=303-414. DR PDB; 4KXZ; X-ray; 2.83 A; A/B/D/E=303-414. DR PDB; 5TX4; X-ray; 1.88 A; B=303-414. DR PDB; 5TY4; EM; 2.90 A; B=317-413. DR PDB; 6I9J; X-ray; 2.00 A; A=303-414. DR PDB; 6XM2; X-ray; 1.91 A; I/J/K/L=303-414. DR PDB; 7RCO; X-ray; 2.90 A; A/B=303-414. DR PDB; 8DC0; X-ray; 1.93 A; B=303-414. DR PDB; 8FXS; X-ray; 3.15 A; A/B=21-414. DR PDB; 8FXV; X-ray; 2.20 A; A=21-414. DR PDBsum; 1TFG; -. DR PDBsum; 2TGI; -. DR PDBsum; 4KXZ; -. DR PDBsum; 5TX4; -. DR PDBsum; 5TY4; -. DR PDBsum; 6I9J; -. DR PDBsum; 6XM2; -. DR PDBsum; 7RCO; -. DR PDBsum; 8DC0; -. DR PDBsum; 8FXS; -. DR PDBsum; 8FXV; -. DR AlphaFoldDB; P61812; -. DR EMDB; EMD-8472; -. DR SMR; P61812; -. DR BioGRID; 112900; 48. DR ComplexPortal; CPX-605; TGF-beta-2 complex. DR ComplexPortal; CPX-834; TGF-beta-2-TGFR complex. DR DIP; DIP-5936N; -. DR IntAct; P61812; 5. DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000355896; -. DR ChEMBL; CHEMBL3217393; -. DR DrugBank; DB05697; Trabedersen. DR GlyConnect; 1836; 1 N-Linked glycan (1 site). DR GlyCosmos; P61812; 3 sites, 1 glycan. DR GlyGen; P61812; 4 sites, 1 N-linked glycan (1 site), 1 O-linked glycan (1 site). DR iPTMnet; P61812; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; P61812; -. DR BioMuta; TGFB2; -. DR DMDM; 48429157; -. DR EPD; P61812; -. DR jPOST; P61812; -. DR MassIVE; P61812; -. DR MaxQB; P61812; -. DR PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000355896; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P61812; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 57335; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 57336; -. [P61812-2] DR Pumba; P61812; -. DR ABCD; P61812; 37 sequenced antibodies. DR Antibodypedia; 20732; 686 antibodies from 37 providers. DR DNASU; 7042; -. DR Ensembl; ENST00000366929.4; ENSP00000355896.4; ENSG00000092969.12. [P61812-2] DR Ensembl; ENST00000366930.9; ENSP00000355897.4; ENSG00000092969.12. [P61812-1] DR GeneID; 7042; -. DR KEGG; hsa:7042; -. DR MANE-Select; ENST00000366930.9; ENSP00000355897.4; NM_003238.6; NP_003229.1. DR UCSC; uc001hlm.4; human. DR AGR; HGNC:11768; -. DR CTD; 7042; -. DR DisGeNET; 7042; -. DR GeneCards; TGFB2; -. DR GeneReviews; TGFB2; -. DR HGNC; HGNC:11768; TGFB2. DR HPA; ENSG00000092969; Low tissue specificity. DR MalaCards; TGFB2; -. DR MIM; 190220; gene. DR MIM; 614816; phenotype. DR neXtProt; NX_P61812; -. DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000092969; -. DR Orphanet; 91387; Familial thoracic aortic aneurysm and aortic dissection. DR Orphanet; 60030; Loeys-Dietz syndrome. DR PharmGKB; PA36482; -. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000092969; -. DR eggNOG; KOG3900; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000157390; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_039840_0_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; P61812; -. DR OMA; FYIDFKR; -. DR OrthoDB; 5390486at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; P61812; -. DR TreeFam; TF318514; -. DR PathwayCommons; P61812; -. DR Reactome; R-HSA-114608; Platelet degranulation. DR Reactome; R-HSA-2129379; Molecules associated with elastic fibres. DR Reactome; R-HSA-2173789; TGF-beta receptor signaling activates SMADs. DR Reactome; R-HSA-3000178; ECM proteoglycans. DR SignaLink; P61812; -. DR SIGNOR; P61812; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 7042; 13 hits in 1155 CRISPR screens. DR ChiTaRS; TGFB2; human. DR EvolutionaryTrace; P61812; -. DR GeneWiki; TGF_beta_2; -. DR GenomeRNAi; 7042; -. DR Pharos; P61812; Tbio. DR PRO; PR:P61812; -. DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 1. DR RNAct; P61812; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSG00000092969; Expressed in calcaneal tendon and 134 other cell types or tissues. DR GO; GO:0030424; C:axon; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0062023; C:collagen-containing extracellular matrix; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:AgBase. DR GO; GO:0043025; C:neuronal cell body; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0031093; C:platelet alpha granule lumen; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0001540; F:amyloid-beta binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0042803; F:protein homodimerization activity; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005102; F:signaling receptor binding; IMP:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005160; F:transforming growth factor beta receptor binding; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0005114; F:type II transforming growth factor beta receptor binding; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0034714; F:type III transforming growth factor beta receptor binding; IMP:AgBase. DR GO; GO:0032147; P:activation of protein kinase activity; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0035910; P:ascending aorta morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060413; P:atrial septum morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003289; P:atrial septum primum morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003181; P:atrioventricular valve morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060317; P:cardiac epithelial to mesenchymal transition; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060038; P:cardiac muscle cell proliferation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0003215; P:cardiac right ventricle morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0010002; P:cardioblast differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0016477; P:cell migration; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0000902; P:cell morphogenesis; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0045216; P:cell-cell junction organization; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0030199; P:collagen fibril organization; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1904888; P:cranial skeletal system development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042416; P:dopamine biosynthetic process; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0009792; P:embryo development ending in birth or egg hatching; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0048566; P:embryonic digestive tract development; IEP:DFLAT. DR GO; GO:0030326; P:embryonic limb morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003274; P:endocardial cushion fusion; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003203; P:endocardial cushion morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0030855; P:epithelial cell differentiation; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001837; P:epithelial to mesenchymal transition; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0097191; P:extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001654; P:eye development; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0048699; P:generation of neurons; TAS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0008347; P:glial cell migration; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001942; P:hair follicle development; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0031069; P:hair follicle morphogenesis; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0007507; P:heart development; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0003007; P:heart morphogenesis; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003179; P:heart valve morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0030097; P:hemopoiesis; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0048839; P:inner ear development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001822; P:kidney development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0008584; P:male gonad development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003149; P:membranous septum morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0016525; P:negative regulation of angiogenesis; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0030308; P:negative regulation of cell growth; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0008285; P:negative regulation of cell population proliferation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0050680; P:negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1905006; P:negative regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0010629; P:negative regulation of gene expression; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0010936; P:negative regulation of macrophage cytokine production; IDA:DFLAT. DR GO; GO:0046580; P:negative regulation of Ras protein signal transduction; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003407; P:neural retina development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001843; P:neural tube closure; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0048666; P:neuron development; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0030593; P:neutrophil chemotaxis; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0042476; P:odontogenesis; NAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003148; P:outflow tract septum morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0061626; P:pharyngeal arch artery morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0051891; P:positive regulation of cardioblast differentiation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0033630; P:positive regulation of cell adhesion mediated by integrin; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045787; P:positive regulation of cell cycle; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0051781; P:positive regulation of cell division; IEA:UniProtKB-KW. DR GO; GO:0030307; P:positive regulation of cell growth; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0008284; P:positive regulation of cell population proliferation; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0010634; P:positive regulation of epithelial cell migration; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0010718; P:positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1905007; P:positive regulation of epithelial to mesenchymal transition involved in endocardial cushion formation; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0045823; P:positive regulation of heart contraction; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0050778; P:positive regulation of immune response; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0045726; P:positive regulation of integrin biosynthetic process; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1902895; P:positive regulation of miRNA transcription; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0043525; P:positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0045747; P:positive regulation of Notch signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0051897; P:positive regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0050714; P:positive regulation of protein secretion; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060391; P:positive regulation of SMAD protein signal transduction; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0032874; P:positive regulation of stress-activated MAPK cascade; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0051795; P:positive regulation of timing of catagen; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0003184; P:pulmonary valve morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:1902256; P:regulation of apoptotic process involved in outflow tract morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042127; P:regulation of cell population proliferation; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0051794; P:regulation of timing of catagen; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0032909; P:regulation of transforming growth factor beta2 production; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0001666; P:response to hypoxia; IMP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0032570; P:response to progesterone; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0009611; P:response to wounding; IEP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0007435; P:salivary gland morphogenesis; IEP:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0062009; P:secondary palate development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0023052; P:signaling; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0001501; P:skeletal system development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0048103; P:somatic stem cell division; ISS:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:1903701; P:substantia propria of cornea development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0007179; P:transforming growth factor beta receptor signaling pathway; IDA:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042704; P:uterine wall breakdown; TAS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060065; P:uterus development; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0060412; P:ventricular septum morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0003222; P:ventricular trabecula myocardium morphogenesis; ISS:BHF-UCL. DR GO; GO:0042060; P:wound healing; ISS:UniProtKB. DR CDD; cd19385; TGF_beta_TGFB2; 1. DR Gene3D; 2.60.120.970; -; 1. DR Gene3D; 2.10.90.10; Cystine-knot cytokines; 1. DR InterPro; IPR029034; Cystine-knot_cytokine. DR InterPro; IPR001839; TGF-b_C. DR InterPro; IPR001111; TGF-b_propeptide. DR InterPro; IPR016319; TGF-beta. DR InterPro; IPR015615; TGF-beta-rel. DR InterPro; IPR003940; TGFb2. DR InterPro; IPR017948; TGFb_CS. DR PANTHER; PTHR11848; TGF-BETA FAMILY; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR11848:SF141; TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR BETA-2 PROPROTEIN; 1. DR Pfam; PF00019; TGF_beta; 1. DR Pfam; PF00688; TGFb_propeptide; 1. DR PIRSF; PIRSF001787; TGF-beta; 1. DR PRINTS; PR01423; TGFBETA. DR PRINTS; PR01425; TGFBETA2. DR SMART; SM00204; TGFB; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF57501; Cystine-knot cytokines; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00250; TGF_BETA_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS51362; TGF_BETA_2; 1. DR Genevisible; P61812; HS. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW 3D-structure; Alternative splicing; Aortic aneurysm; KW Chromosomal rearrangement; Cleavage on pair of basic residues; KW Direct protein sequencing; Disease variant; Disulfide bond; KW Extracellular matrix; Glycoprotein; Growth factor; Mitogen; KW Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal. FT SIGNAL 1..20 FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CHAIN 21..414 FT /note="Transforming growth factor beta-2 proprotein" FT /id="PRO_0000456180" FT CHAIN 21..302 FT /note="Latency-associated peptide" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:3476488" FT /id="PRO_0000033784" FT CHAIN 303..414 FT /note="Transforming growth factor beta-2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:3476488" FT /id="PRO_0000033785" FT CARBOHYD 72 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 140 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT CARBOHYD 241 FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255" FT DISULFID 309..318 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1631557, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:1641027" FT DISULFID 317..380 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1631557, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:1641027" FT DISULFID 346..411 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1631557, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:1641027" FT DISULFID 350..413 FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1631557, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:1641027" FT DISULFID 379 FT /note="Interchain" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1631557, FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:1641027" FT VAR_SEQ 116 FT /note="N -> TVCPVVTTPSGSVGSLCSRQSQVLCGYLD (in isoform B)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039, FT ECO:0000303|PubMed:2850146, ECO:0000303|PubMed:3162414" FT /id="VSP_006417" FT VARIANT 91 FT /note="R -> H (in dbSNP:rs10482721)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11528528, ECO:0000269|Ref.4" FT /id="VAR_012708" FT VARIANT 100..104 FT /note="Missing (in LDS4)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772368" FT /id="VAR_068931" FT VARIANT 102..414 FT /note="Missing (in LDS4)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772371" FT /id="VAR_080342" FT VARIANT 207 FT /note="V -> L (in dbSNP:rs10482810)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.4" FT /id="VAR_018923" FT VARIANT 229..414 FT /note="Missing (in LDS4)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772371" FT /id="VAR_080343" FT VARIANT 299 FT /note="R -> W (in LDS4; dbSNP:rs863223792)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772368" FT /id="VAR_068932" FT VARIANT 302 FT /note="R -> C (in LDS4; dbSNP:rs869312903)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772368" FT /id="VAR_068933" FT VARIANT 320 FT /note="R -> C (found in a family with non-syndromic aortic FT disease; likely pathogenic; dbSNP:rs1553303352)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:25046559" FT /id="VAR_072740" FT VARIANT 338 FT /note="P -> H (in LDS4; dbSNP:rs387907278)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:22772368" FT /id="VAR_068934" FT CONFLICT 32 FT /note="F -> L (in Ref. 8; AAA61162)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT CONFLICT 116 FT /note="Missing (in Ref. 3; AAA50405)" FT /evidence="ECO:0000305" FT HELIX 306..309 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 315..320 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 323..325 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT HELIX 326..330 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 335..337 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 339..342 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 345..347 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 354..356 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT HELIX 359..370 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT HELIX 372..374 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 379..382 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 384..394 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 397..408 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" FT STRAND 411..414 FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:2TGI" SQ SEQUENCE 414 AA; 47748 MW; 7D9D569E0F4A07D0 CRC64; MHYCVLSAFL ILHLVTVALS LSTCSTLDMD QFMRKRIEAI RGQILSKLKL TSPPEDYPEP EEVPPEVISI YNSTRDLLQE KASRRAAACE RERSDEEYYA KEVYKIDMPP FFPSENAIPP TFYRPYFRIV RFDVSAMEKN ASNLVKAEFR VFRLQNPKAR VPEQRIELYQ ILKSKDLTSP TQRYIDSKVV KTRAEGEWLS FDVTDAVHEW LHHKDRNLGF KISLHCPCCT FVPSNNYIIP NKSEELEARF AGIDGTSTYT SGDQKTIKST RKKNSGKTPH LLLMLLPSYR LESQQTNRRK KRALDAAYCF RNVQDNCCLR PLYIDFKRDL GWKWIHEPKG YNANFCAGAC PYLWSSDTQH SRVLSLYNTI NPEASASPCC VSQDLEPLTI LYYIGKTPKI EQLSNMIVKS CKCS //