P61289 (PSME3_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 100.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Proteasome activator complex subunit 3 Alternative name(s): 11S regulator complex subunit gamma Short name=REG-gamma Activator of multicatalytic protease subunit 3 Ki nuclear autoantigen Proteasome activator 28 subunit gamma Short name=PA28g Short name=PA28gamma | ||
| Gene names |
| ||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 254 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Subunit of the 11S REG-gamma (also called PA28-gamma) proteasome regulator, a doughnut-shaped homoheptamer which associates with the proteasome. 11S REG-gamma activates the trypsin-like catalytic subunit of the proteasome but inhibits the chymotrypsin-like and postglutamyl-preferring (PGPH) subunits. Facilitates the MDM2-p53/TP53 interaction which promotes ubiquitination- and MDM2-dependent proteasomal degradation of p53/TP53, limiting its accumulation and resulting in inhibited apoptosis after DNA damage. May also be involved in cell cycle regulation. Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.14 Ref.20 Ref.22 Ref.23 |
| Subunit structure | Homoheptamer; the stability of the heptamer is essential for the specific activation of the trypsine-like subunit and inhibition of the chymotrypsin-like and postglutamyl-preferring (PGPH) subunits of the proteasome. Interacts with p53/TP53 and MDM2. Interacts with MAP3K3 By similarity. Associates with the proteasome. Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.14 Ref.20 Ref.23 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus. Cytoplasm By similarity. Note: Localizes to the cytoplasm during mitosis following nuclear envelope breakdown at this distinct stage of the cell cycle which allows its interaction with MAP3K3 kinase By similarity. Ref.13 Ref.21 |
| Induction | Up-regulated in thyroid carcinoma cells. Ref.21 |
| Domain | The C-terminal sequences affect heptamer stability and proteasome affinity. Ref.14 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated by MAP3K3 By similarity. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the PA28 family. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ATN1 | P54259 | 3 | EBI-355546,EBI-945980 | |
| COIL | P38432 | 3 | EBI-355546,EBI-945751 | |
| NCOA3 | Q9Y6Q9 | 5 | EBI-355546,EBI-81196 | |
| vif | P12504 | 2 | EBI-355546,EBI-779991 | From a different organism. |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P61289-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P61289-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 135-135: T → TPSGKGPHICFDLQ |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed Ref.9 | ||||||
| Chain | 2 – 254 | 253 | Proteasome activator complex subunit 3 | PRO_0000161789 | |||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 2 | 1 | N-acetylalanine Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 24 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.16 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 205 | 1 | Phosphothreonine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 207 | 1 | Phosphothreonine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 135 | 1 | T → TPSGKGPHICFDLQ in isoform 2. | VSP_004516 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 188 | 1 | K → E, D, A, C, N, Q, H, F, S, I or P: Assembles into less stable hexamers/heptamers and therefore impairs specificity of activation of trypsin-like subunits of the proteasome. Ref.20 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 25 | 1 | E → K in AAB60335. Ref.2 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 94 | 1 | E → K in AAA93227. Ref.10 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Cloning and nucleotide sequence of cDNA for Ki antigen, a highly conserved nuclear protein detected with sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus." Nikaido T., Shimada K., Shibata M., Hata M., Sakamoto M., Takasaki Y., Sato C., Takahashi T., Nishida Y. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 79:209-214(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [2] | "A physical map and candidate genes in the BRCA1 region on chromosome 17q12-21." Albertsen H.M., Smith S.A., Mazoyer S., Fujimoto E., Stevens J., Williams B., Rodriguez P., Cropp C.S., Slijepcevic P., Carlson M., Robertson M., Bradley P., Lawrence E., Harrington T., Sheng Z.M., Hoopes R., Sternberg N., Brothman A. White R.Nat. Genet. 7:472-479(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: B-cell and Fetal brain. |
| [3] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Thymus. |
| [5] | "Signal sequence and keyword trap in silico for selection of full-length human cDNAs encoding secretion or membrane proteins from oligo-capped cDNA libraries." Otsuki T., Ota T., Nishikawa T., Hayashi K., Suzuki Y., Yamamoto J., Wakamatsu A., Kimura K., Sakamoto K., Hatano N., Kawai Y., Ishii S., Saito K., Kojima S., Sugiyama T., Ono T., Okano K., Yoshikawa Y. Isogai T.DNA Res. 12:117-126(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [6] | "DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage." Zody M.C., Garber M., Adams D.J., Sharpe T., Harrow J., Lupski J.R., Nicholson C., Searle S.M., Wilming L., Young S.K., Abouelleil A., Allen N.R., Bi W., Bloom T., Borowsky M.L., Bugalter B.E., Butler J., Chang J.L. Nusbaum C.Nature 440:1045-1049(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Lung, Ovary and Placenta. |
| [9] | Bienvenut W.V., Ramsay A., Leung H.Y. Submitted (FEB-2009) to UniProtKB Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-12 AND 111-121, CLEAVAGE OF INITIATOR METHIONINE, ACETYLATION AT ALA-2, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Embryonic kidney. |
| [10] | "A strong candidate for the breast and ovarian cancer susceptibility gene BRCA1." Miki Y., Swensen J., Shattuck-Eidens D., Futreal P.A., Harshman K., Tavtigian S., Liu Q., Cochran C., Bennett L.M., Ding W., Bell R., Rosenthal J., Hussey C., Tran T., McClure M., Frye C., Hattier T., Phelps R. Skolnick M.H.Science 266:66-71(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 82-135. Tissue: Ovary. |
| [11] | "Characterization of recombinant REGalpha, REGbeta, and REGgamma proteasome activators." Realini C., Jensen C.C., Zhang Z., Johnston S.C., Knowlton J.R., Hill C.P., Rechsteiner M. J. Biol. Chem. 272:25483-25492(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, INTERACTION WITH THE PROTEASOME, CALCIUM-BINDING. |
| [12] | "Properties of the nuclear proteasome activator PA28gamma (REGgamma)." Wilk S., Chen W.-E., Magnusson R.P. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 383:265-271(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT. |
| [13] | "Subcellular localization of proteasomes and their regulatory complexes in mammalian cells." Brooks P., Fuertes G., Murray R.Z., Bose S., Knecht E., Rechsteiner M.C., Hendil K.B., Tanaka K., Dyson J., Rivett J. Biochem. J. 346:155-161(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [14] | "The proteasome activator 11 S REG or PA28: chimeras implicate carboxyl-terminal sequences in oligomerization and proteasome binding but not in the activation of specific proteasome catalytic subunits." Li J., Gao X., Joss L., Rechsteiner M. J. Mol. Biol. 299:641-654(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DOMAIN, INTERACTION WITH THE PROTEASOME, SUBUNIT. |
| [15] | "Mass spectrometric characterization of the affinity-purified human 26S proteasome complex." Wang X., Chen C.-F., Baker P.R., Chen P.-L., Kaiser P., Huang L. Biochemistry 46:3553-3565(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Embryonic kidney. |
| [16] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-24, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [17] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. Tissue: Leukemic T-cell. |
| [18] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [19] | "System-wide temporal characterization of the proteome and phosphoproteome of human embryonic stem cell differentiation." Rigbolt K.T., Prokhorova T.A., Akimov V., Henningsen J., Johansen P.T., Kratchmarova I., Kassem M., Mann M., Olsen J.V., Blagoev B. Sci. Signal. 4:RS3-RS3(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [20] | "Lysine 188 substitutions convert the pattern of proteasome activation by REGgamma to that of REGs alpha and beta." Li J., Gao X., Ortega J., Nazif T., Joss L., Bogyo M., Steven A.C., Rechsteiner M. EMBO J. 20:3359-3369(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY, SUBUNIT, FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-188. |
| [21] | "Abnormally high expression of proteasome activator-gamma in thyroid neoplasm." Okamura T., Taniguchi S., Ohkura T., Yoshida A., Shimizu H., Sakai M., Maeta H., Fukui H., Ueta Y., Hisatome I., Shigemasa C. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 88:1374-1383(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INDUCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [22] | "Purification procedures determine the proteasome activation properties of REG gamma (PA28 gamma)." Gao X., Li J., Pratt G., Wilk S., Rechsteiner M. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 425:158-164(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [23] | "Proteasome activator PA28 gamma regulates p53 by enhancing its MDM2-mediated degradation." Zhang Z., Zhang R. EMBO J. 27:852-864(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TP53 AND MDM2. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | U11292 mRNA. Translation: AAB60335.1. BT019386 mRNA. Translation: AAV38193.1. AK292618 mRNA. Translation: BAF85307.1. AK074999 mRNA. Translation: BAG52046.1. AC016889 Genomic DNA. No translation available. CH471152 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW60893.1. BC001423 mRNA. Translation: AAH01423.1. BC002684 mRNA. Translation: AAH02684.1. BC008020 mRNA. Translation: AAH08020.1. U25756 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA93227.1. |
| IPI | IPI00030243. IPI00219445. |
| PIR | A60537. I38702. |
| RefSeq | NP_005780.2. NM_005789.3. NP_789839.1. NM_176863.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.152978. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P61289. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | P61289. 29 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-5002653. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000293362. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P61289. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 47117724. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | P61289. |
| PRIDE | P61289. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 10197. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000293362; ENSP00000293362; ENSG00000131467. ENST00000590720; ENSP00000466794; ENSG00000131467. |
| GeneID | 10197. |
| KEGG | hsa:10197. |
| UCSC | uc002ibp.3. human. uc002ibq.3. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 10197. |
| GeneCards | GC17P040985. |
| HGNC | HGNC:9570. PSME3. |
| HPA | CAB008388. HPA012510. |
| MIM | 605129. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_P61289. |
| PharmGKB | PA33916. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG236353. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG053745. |
| InParanoid | P61289. |
| KO | K06698. |
| OMA | LKMWISF. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4NS3C9. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Reactome | REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_111217. Metabolism. REACT_115566. Cell Cycle. REACT_116125. Disease. REACT_13505. Proteasome mediated degradation of PAK-2p34. REACT_21257. Metabolism of RNA. REACT_21300. Mitotic M-M/G1 phases. REACT_383. DNA Replication. REACT_578. Apoptosis. REACT_6850. Cdc20:Phospho-APC/C mediated degradation of Cyclin A. REACT_6900. Immune System. REACT_71. Gene Expression. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P61289. |
| Bgee | P61289. |
| CleanEx | HS_PSME3. |
| Genevestigator | P61289. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000131467. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| Gene3D | 1.20.120.180. 1 hit. 1.20.5.120. 1 hit. |
| InterPro | IPR003185. Proteasome_activ_REG_asu. IPR009077. Proteasome_activ_REG_asu/bsu. IPR003186. Proteasome_activ_REG_bsu. [Graphical view] |
| PANTHER | PTHR10660. PTHR10660. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF02251. PA28_alpha. 1 hit. PF02252. PA28_beta. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF47216. Prot_act_regA. 1 hit. |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | PSME3. human. |
| GenomeRNAi | 10197. |
| NextBio | 38592. |
| PMAP-CutDB | P61289. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | PSME3_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P61289 Secondary accession number(s): A8K9A3 Q9BQD9 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 17 Human chromosome 17: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
