Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P60602 (ROMO1_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Reactive oxygen species modulator 1
      Short name=ROS modulator 1
Alternative name(s):
    Protein MGR2 homolog

Gene names

Name:	ROMO1
Synonyms:	C20orf52

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	79 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Induces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which are necessary for cell proliferation. May play a role in inducing oxidative DNA damage and replicative senescence. Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8
Subcellular location	Mitochondrion membrane; Single-pass membrane protein. Ref.5
Tissue specificity	Up-regulated in a number of cancer cell lines when compared to a normal lung fibroblast cell line. Ref.5
Developmental stage	Expression increases in senescent cells. Ref.8
Induction	By the anticancer drug fluorouracil (5FU). Ref.6
Miscellaneous	Enforced expression in IMR-90 cells leads to increased levels of ROS and induces premature cell senescence and nuclear DNA damage.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the MGR2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Membrane Mitochondrion
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Domain	Transmembrane
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	cellular response to reactive oxygen species Ref.8 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of cell proliferation Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of oxygen and reactive oxygen species metabolic process Ref.5 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB replicative cell aging Ref.8 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW mitochondrial membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P60602-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P60602-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     44-79: RIGMRGRELMGGIGKTMMQSGGTFGTFMAIGMGIRC → SSILVSSSGSECGVES

Note: Gene prediction based on EST data.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 79	79	Reactive oxygen species modulator 1		PRO_0000079433
Regions
	Transmembrane	22 – 44	23	Potential
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	44 – 79	36	RIGMR…MGIRC → SSILVSSSGSECGVES in isoform 2.		VSP_036486
	Natural variant	28	1	A → P: dbSNP rs1044521.		VAR_014127

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified March 15, 2004. Version 1. Checksum: AD959C88C89EF80A	FASTA	79	8,183
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPVAVGPYGQ SQPSCFDRVK MGFVMGCAVG MAAGALFGTF SCLRIGMRGR ELMGGIGKTM 70 MQSGGTFGTF MAIGMGIRC
	Isoform 2. Checksum: 22C898C2946D76C7	FASTA	59	5,900
	10 20 30 40 50 MPVAVGPYGQ SQPSCFDRVK MGFVMGCAVG MAAGALFGTF SCLSSILVSS SGSECGVES

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A novel nuclear gene encoding an extremely conserved mitochondrial targeting GXXXG motif protein deregulated in human tumors." Zhao J., Liu T., Nister M. Submitted (AUG-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"The DNA sequence and comparative analysis of human chromosome 20." Deloukas P., Matthews L.H., Ashurst J.L., Burton J., Gilbert J.G.R., Jones M., Stavrides G., Almeida J.P., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Barlow K.F., Bates K.N., Beard L.M., Beare D.M., Beasley O.P., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E. , Bridgeman A.M., Brown A.J., Buck D., Burrill W.D., Butler A.P., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clamp M., Clark G., Clark L.N., Clark S.Y., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V.E., Collier R.E., Connor R.E., Corby N.R., Coulson A., Coville G.J., Deadman R., Dhami P.D., Dunn M., Ellington A.G., Frankland J.A., Fraser A., French L., Garner P., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths M.N.D., Gwilliam R., Hall R.E., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Heath P.D., Ho S., Holden J.L., Howden P.J., Huckle E., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Jekosch K., Johnson C.M., Johnson D., Kay M.P., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A., Laird G.K., Lawlor S., Lehvaeslaiho M.H., Leversha M.A., Lloyd C., Lloyd D.M., Lovell J.D., Marsh V.L., Martin S.L., McConnachie L.J., McLay K., McMurray A.A., Milne S.A., Mistry D., Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Nickerson T., Oliver K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce T.A.V., Peck A.I., Phillimore B.J.C.T., Prathalingam S.R., Plumb R.W., Ramsay H., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Scott C.E., Sehra H.K., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M.L., Soderlund C., Steward C.A., Sulston J.E., Swann R.M., Sycamore N., Taylor R., Tee L., Thomas D.W., Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A.C., Vaudin M., Wall M., Wallis J.M., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker P., Willey D.L., Williams L., Williams S.A., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Hubbard T., Durbin R.M., Bentley D.R., Beck S., Rogers J. Nature 414:865-871(2001) [PubMed: 11780052] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Bone marrow.
[5]	"A novel protein, Romo1, induces ROS production in the mitochondria." Chung Y.M., Kim J.S., Yoo Y.D. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 347:649-655(2006) [PubMed: 16842742] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[6]	"Drug resistance to 5-FU linked to reactive oxygen species modulator 1." Hwang I.T., Chung Y.M., Kim J.J., Chung J.S., Kim B.S., Kim H.J., Kim J.S., Yoo Y.D. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 359:304-310(2007) [PubMed: 17537404] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION.
[7]	"A critical role for Romo1-derived ROS in cell proliferation." Na A.R., Chung Y.M., Lee S.B., Park S.H., Lee M.-S., Yoo Y.D. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 369:672-678(2008) [PubMed: 18313394] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[8]	"Replicative senescence induced by Romo1-derived reactive oxygen species." Chung Y.M., Lee S.B., Kim H.J., Park S.H., Kim J.J., Chung J.S., Yoo Y.D. J. Biol. Chem. 283:33763-33771(2008) [PubMed: 18836179] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[9]	Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AM397244 mRNA. Translation: CAL37002.1. AM397245 mRNA. Translation: CAL37003.1. AM397246 mRNA. Translation: CAL37004.1. AL357374 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAC11117.1. AL357374 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI13604.1. CH471077 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW76168.1. BC008488 mRNA. Translation: AAH08488.1. BC105281 mRNA. Translation: AAI05282.1.
IPI	IPI00016046. IPI00515096.
RefSeq	NP_542786.1.
UniGene	Hs.472564
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P60602.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000125995. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	140823.
KEGG	hsa:140823.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC20P033751.
HGNC	HGNC:16185. ROMO1.
HPA	HPA012782.
PharmGKB	PA25762.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	P60602.
HOVERGEN	P60602.
OMA	P60602. MGFAVGM.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P60602.
Bgee	P60602.
CleanEx	HS_ROMO1.
GermOnline	ENSG00000125995. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR018450. Romo1. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF10247. Mit_gmP. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	84421.

Entry information

Entry name

ROMO1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P60602
Secondary accession number(s): A7M872 , Q3MHD5, Q5QP16, Q9CQ98, Q9H1N2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	March 15, 2004
Last sequence update:	March 15, 2004
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 42 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)