P59540 (T2R46_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Taste receptor type 2 member 46
Short name=T2R46

Alternative name(s):
Taste receptor type 2 member 54
Short name=T2R54

Gene names

Name:

TAS2R46

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	309 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Receptor that may play a role in the perception of bitterness and is gustducin-linked. May play a role in sensing the chemical composition of the gastrointestinal content. The activity of this receptor may stimulate alpha gustducin, mediate PLC-beta-2 activation and lead to the gating of TRPM5 By similarity. In airway epithelial cells, binding of bitter compounds increases the intracellular calcium ion concentration and stimulates ciliary beat frequency By similarity.
Subcellular location	Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell projection › cilium membrane. Note: In airway epithelial cells, localizes to motile cilia. Ref.7
Tissue specificity	Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells. Expressed on ciliated airway epithelium. Ref.7
Miscellaneous	Most taste cells may be activated by a limited number of bitter compounds; individual taste cells can discriminate among bitter stimuli.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Sensory transduction Taste
Cellular component	Cell membrane Cell projection Cilium Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Molecular function	G-protein coupled receptor Receptor Transducer
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	sensory perception of taste Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	cilium membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular_function	G-protein coupled receptor activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 309	309	Taste receptor type 2 member 46		PRO_0000082318
Regions
	Topological domain	1	1	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	2 – 22	21	Helical; Name=1; Potential
	Topological domain	23 – 46	24	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	47 – 67	21	Helical; Name=2; Potential
	Topological domain	68 – 86	19	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	87 – 107	21	Helical; Name=3; Potential
	Topological domain	108 – 126	19	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	127 – 147	21	Helical; Name=4; Potential
	Topological domain	148 – 178	31	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	179 – 199	21	Helical; Name=5; Potential
	Topological domain	200 – 229	30	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	230 – 250	21	Helical; Name=6; Potential
	Topological domain	251 – 259	9	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	260 – 280	21	Helical; Name=7; Potential
	Topological domain	281 – 309	29	Cytoplasmic Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	161	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	176	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Natural variations
	Natural variant	228	1	L → M. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs2708380 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_062091
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	296 – 297	2	HV → QM Ref.3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P59540 [UniParc]. Last modified November 23, 2004. Version 2. Checksum: FF4D7747F0CE47EF	FASTA	309	35,523
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MITFLPIIFS ILIVVTFVIG NFANGFIALV NSIEWFKRQK ISFADQILTA LAVSRVGLLW 70 80 90 100 110 120 VLVLNWYATE LNPAFNSIEV RITAYNVWAV INHFSNWLAT SLSIFYLLKI ANFSNLIFLH 130 140 150 160 170 180 LKRRVKSVVL VILLGPLLFL VCHLFVINMN QIIWTKEYEG NMTWKIKLRS AMYLSNTTVT 190 200 210 220 230 240 ILANLVPFTL TLISFLLLIC SLCKHLKKMQ LHGKGSQDPS MKVHIKALQT VTSFLLLCAI 250 260 270 280 290 300 YFLSIIMSVW SFESLENKPV FMFCEAIAFS YPSTHPFILI WGNKKLKQTF LSVLWHVRYW VKGEKPSSS

References

[1]	"Identification and characterization of human taste receptor genes belonging to the TAS2R family." Conte C., Ebeling M., Marcuz A., Nef P., Andres-Barquin P.J. Cytogenet. Genome Res. 98:45-53(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes." Fischer A., Gilad Y., Man O., Paeaebo S. Mol. Biol. Evol. 22:432-436(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT MET-228.
[3]	"The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-glucopyranosides." Bufe B., Hofmann T., Krautwurst D., Raguse J.-D., Meyerhof W. Nat. Genet. 32:397-401(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-299.
[4]	"Receptors for bitter and sweet taste." Montmayeur J.-P., Matsunami H. Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12:366-371(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[5]	"Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction." Margolskee R.F. J. Biol. Chem. 277:1-4(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[6]	"Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells sharing similar signaling pathways." Zhang Y., Hoon M.A., Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Cook B., Wu D., Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J. Cell 112:293-301(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.
[7]	"Motile cilia of human airway epithelia are chemosensory." Shah A.S., Ben-Shahar Y., Moninger T.O., Kline J.N., Welsh M.J. Science 325:1131-1134(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

A tail of protection - Issue 119 of July 2010

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AY114091 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAM63541.1. AY724941 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAU21143.1. AF494227 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAM19318.1.
IPI	IPI00470541.
RefSeq	NP_795368.2. NM_176887.2.
UniGene	Hs.688193.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P59540.
ModBase	Search...
Protein family/group databases
GPCRDB	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P59540.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	55977809.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P59540.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000533467; ENSP00000436450; ENSG00000226761. ENST00000574263; ENSP00000460229; ENSG00000262525.
GeneID	259292.
KEGG	hsa:259292.
UCSC	uc001qzp.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	259292.
GeneCards	GC12M011214.
HGNC	HGNC:18877. TAS2R46.
MIM	612774. gene.
neXtProt	NX_P59540.
PharmGKB	PA38731.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	HBG060698.
KO	K08474.
OMA	NWYATEL.
PhylomeDB	P59540.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P59540.
CleanEx	HS_TAS2R46.
Genevestigator	P59540.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR007960. TAS2_rcpt. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF05296. TAS2R. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	259292.
NextBio	93127.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

T2R46_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P59540
Secondary accession number(s): P59548, Q645X6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	April 11, 2003
Last sequence update:	November 23, 2004
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 79 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.