ID   T2R40_HUMAN             Reviewed;         323 AA.
AC   P59535; A4D2I2; Q645W6;
DT   11-APR-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   11-APR-2003, sequence version 1.
DT   27-MAR-2024, entry version 157.
DE   RecName: Full=Taste receptor type 2 member 40;
DE            Short=T2R40;
DE   AltName: Full=G-protein coupled receptor 60;
DE   AltName: Full=Taste receptor type 2 member 58;
DE            Short=T2R58;
GN   Name=TAS2R40; Synonyms=GPR60;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC   Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=12379855; DOI=10.1038/ng1014;
RA   Bufe B., Hofmann T., Krautwurst D., Raguse J.-D., Meyerhof W.;
RT   "The human TAS2R16 receptor mediates bitter taste in response to beta-
RT   glucopyranosides.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 32:397-401(2002).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=15496549; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msi027;
RA   Fischer A., Gilad Y., Man O., Paeaebo S.;
RT   "Evolution of bitter taste receptors in humans and apes.";
RL   Mol. Biol. Evol. 22:432-436(2005).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=12690205; DOI=10.1126/science.1083423;
RA   Scherer S.W., Cheung J., MacDonald J.R., Osborne L.R., Nakabayashi K.,
RA   Herbrick J.-A., Carson A.R., Parker-Katiraee L., Skaug J., Khaja R.,
RA   Zhang J., Hudek A.K., Li M., Haddad M., Duggan G.E., Fernandez B.A.,
RA   Kanematsu E., Gentles S., Christopoulos C.C., Choufani S., Kwasnicka D.,
RA   Zheng X.H., Lai Z., Nusskern D.R., Zhang Q., Gu Z., Lu F., Zeesman S.,
RA   Nowaczyk M.J., Teshima I., Chitayat D., Shuman C., Weksberg R.,
RA   Zackai E.H., Grebe T.A., Cox S.R., Kirkpatrick S.J., Rahman N.,
RA   Friedman J.M., Heng H.H.Q., Pelicci P.G., Lo-Coco F., Belloni E.,
RA   Shaffer L.G., Pober B., Morton C.C., Gusella J.F., Bruns G.A.P., Korf B.R.,
RA   Quade B.J., Ligon A.H., Ferguson H., Higgins A.W., Leach N.T.,
RA   Herrick S.R., Lemyre E., Farra C.G., Kim H.-G., Summers A.M., Gripp K.W.,
RA   Roberts W., Szatmari P., Winsor E.J.T., Grzeschik K.-H., Teebi A.,
RA   Minassian B.A., Kere J., Armengol L., Pujana M.A., Estivill X.,
RA   Wilson M.D., Koop B.F., Tosi S., Moore G.E., Boright A.P., Zlotorynski E.,
RA   Kerem B., Kroisel P.M., Petek E., Oscier D.G., Mould S.J., Doehner H.,
RA   Doehner K., Rommens J.M., Vincent J.B., Venter J.C., Li P.W., Mural R.J.,
RA   Adams M.D., Tsui L.-C.;
RT   "Human chromosome 7: DNA sequence and biology.";
RL   Science 300:767-772(2003).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RA   Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M.,
RA   Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J.,
RA   Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S.,
RA   Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H.,
RA   Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K.,
RA   Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D.,
RA   Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.;
RL   Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [6]
RP   REVIEW.
RX   PubMed=12139982; DOI=10.1016/s0959-4388(02)00345-8;
RA   Montmayeur J.-P., Matsunami H.;
RT   "Receptors for bitter and sweet taste.";
RL   Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 12:366-371(2002).
RN   [7]
RP   REVIEW.
RX   PubMed=11696554; DOI=10.1074/jbc.r100054200;
RA   Margolskee R.F.;
RT   "Molecular mechanisms of bitter and sweet taste transduction.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 277:1-4(2002).
RN   [8]
RP   REVIEW.
RX   PubMed=12581520; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00071-0;
RA   Zhang Y., Hoon M.A., Chandrashekar J., Mueller K.L., Cook B., Wu D.,
RA   Zuker C.S., Ryba N.J.;
RT   "Coding of sweet, bitter, and umami tastes: different receptor cells
RT   sharing similar signaling pathways.";
RL   Cell 112:293-301(2003).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Gustducin-coupled receptor implicated in the perception of
CC       bitter compounds in the oral cavity and the gastrointestinal tract.
CC       Signals through PLCB2 and the calcium-regulated cation channel TRPM5.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in subsets of taste receptor cells of the
CC       tongue and exclusively in gustducin-positive cells.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Several bitter taste receptors are expressed in a single
CC       taste receptor cell.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G-protein coupled receptor T2R family.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AF494229; AAM19320.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AY724957; AAU21153.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CH236959; EAL23782.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CH471198; EAW51882.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC101795; AAI01796.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC101797; AAI01798.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS43662.1; -.
DR   RefSeq; NP_795363.1; NM_176882.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P59535; -.
DR   SMR; P59535; -.
DR   BioGRID; 129241; 1.
DR   STRING; 9606.ENSP00000386210; -.
DR   ChEMBL; CHEMBL4523250; -.
DR   GuidetoPHARMACOLOGY; 676; -.
DR   GlyCosmos; P59535; 2 sites, No reported glycans.
DR   GlyGen; P59535; 2 sites.
DR   iPTMnet; P59535; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; P59535; -.
DR   BioMuta; TAS2R40; -.
DR   DMDM; 29839473; -.
DR   PaxDb; 9606-ENSP00000386210; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; P59535; -.
DR   Antibodypedia; 32610; 20 antibodies from 11 providers.
DR   DNASU; 259286; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000408947.4; ENSP00000386210.3; ENSG00000221937.4.
DR   GeneID; 259286; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:259286; -.
DR   MANE-Select; ENST00000408947.4; ENSP00000386210.3; NM_176882.2; NP_795363.1.
DR   UCSC; uc011ksx.3; human.
DR   AGR; HGNC:18885; -.
DR   CTD; 259286; -.
DR   GeneCards; TAS2R40; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:18885; TAS2R40.
DR   HPA; ENSG00000221937; Not detected.
DR   MIM; 613964; gene.
DR   neXtProt; NX_P59535; -.
DR   PharmGKB; PA38738; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000221937; -.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502SKRK; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT01100000263477; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_072337_3_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; P59535; -.
DR   OMA; NIFYCLR; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 4189279at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; P59535; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF335891; -.
DR   PathwayCommons; P59535; -.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418594; G alpha (i) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-420499; Class C/3 (Metabotropic glutamate/pheromone receptors).
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9717207; Sensory perception of sweet, bitter, and umami (glutamate) taste.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 259286; 15 hits in 1138 CRISPR screens.
DR   GeneWiki; TAS2R40; -.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 259286; -.
DR   Pharos; P59535; Tchem.
DR   PRO; PR:P59535; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 7.
DR   RNAct; P59535; Protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSG00000221937; Expressed in corpus callosum and 25 other cell types or tissues.
DR   GO; GO:0016020; C:membrane; IC:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; TAS:Reactome.
DR   GO; GO:0033038; F:bitter taste receptor activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0004930; F:G protein-coupled receptor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0001580; P:detection of chemical stimulus involved in sensory perception of bitter taste; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   CDD; cd15014; 7tm_TAS2R40; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 1.20.1070.10; Rhodopsin 7-helix transmembrane proteins; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR007960; TAS2R.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11394; TASTE RECEPTOR TYPE 2; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR11394:SF143; TASTE RECEPTOR TYPE 2 MEMBER 40; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF05296; TAS2R; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF81321; Family A G protein-coupled receptor-like; 1.
DR   Genevisible; P59535; HS.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   G-protein coupled receptor; Glycoprotein; Membrane; Receptor;
KW   Reference proteome; Sensory transduction; Taste; Transducer; Transmembrane;
KW   Transmembrane helix.
FT   CHAIN           1..323
FT                   /note="Taste receptor type 2 member 40"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000082288"
FT   TOPO_DOM        1..14
FT                   /note="Extracellular"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        15..35
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=1"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        36..58
FT                   /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        59..79
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=2"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        80..100
FT                   /note="Extracellular"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        101..121
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=3"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        122..140
FT                   /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        141..162
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=4"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        163..190
FT                   /note="Extracellular"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        191..211
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=5"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        212..247
FT                   /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        248..268
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=6"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        269..276
FT                   /note="Extracellular"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TRANSMEM        277..297
FT                   /note="Helical; Name=7"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   TOPO_DOM        298..323
FT                   /note="Cytoplasmic"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CARBOHYD        170
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CARBOHYD        179
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   VARIANT         23
FT                   /note="V -> L (in dbSNP:rs17164164)"
FT                   /id="VAR_053350"
FT   VARIANT         187
FT                   /note="S -> Y (in dbSNP:rs10260248)"
FT                   /id="VAR_053351"
SQ   SEQUENCE   323 AA;  36812 MW;  605E66397EE04E77 CRC64;
     MATVNTDATD KDISKFKVTF TLVVSGIECI TGILGSGFIT AIYGAEWARG KTLPTGDRIM
     LMLSFSRLLL QIWMMLENIF SLLFRIVYNQ NSVYILFKVI TVFLNHSNLW FAAWLKVFYC
     LRIANFNHPL FFLMKRKIIV LMPWLLRLSV LVSLSFSFPL SRDVFNVYVN SSIPIPSSNS
     TEKKYFSETN MVNLVFFYNM GIFVPLIMFI LAATLLILSL KRHTLHMGSN ATGSRDPSMK
     AHIGAIKATS YFLILYIFNA IALFLSTSNI FDTYSSWNIL CKIIMAAYPA GHSVQLILGN
     PGLRRAWKRF QHQVPLYLKG QTL
//