P58743 (S26A5_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Prestin

Alternative name(s):
Solute carrier family 26 member 5

Gene names

Name:	SLC26A5
Synonyms:	PRES

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	744 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Motor protein that converts auditory stimuli to length changes in outer hair cells and mediates sound amplification in the mammalian hearing organ. Prestin is a bidirectional voltage-to-force converter, it can operate at microsecond rates. It uses cytoplasmic anions as extrinsic voltage sensors, probably chloride and bicarbonate. After binding to a site with millimolar affinity, these anions are translocated across the membrane in response to changes in the transmembrane voltage. They move towards the extracellular surface following hyperpolarization, and towards the cytoplasmic side in response to depolarization. As a consequence, this translocation triggers conformational changes in the protein that ultimately alter its surface area in the plane of the plasma membrane. The area decreases when the anion is near the cytoplasmic face of the membrane (short state), and increases when the ion has crossed the membrane to the outer surface (long state). So, it acts as an incomplete transporter. It swings anions across the membrane, but does not allow these anions to dissociate and escape to the extracellular space. Salicylate, an inhibitor of outer hair cell motility, acts as competitive antagonist at the prestin anion-binding site By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein By similarity. Note: Lateral wall of outer hair cells By similarity.
Involvement in disease	Deafness, autosomal recessive, 61 (DFNB61) [MIM:613865]: A form of non-syndromic sensorineural hearing loss. Sensorineural deafness results from damage to the neural receptors of the inner ear, the nerve pathways to the brain, or the area of the brain that receives sound information. Note: The disease is caused by mutations affecting the gene represented in this entry. Ref.1
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the SLC26A/SulP transporter (TC 2.A.53) family. [View classification] Contains 1 STAS domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Cell shape Hearing
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Disease	Deafness Non-syndromic deafness
Domain	Transmembrane Transmembrane helix
Molecular function	Motor protein
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	regulation of cell shape Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW regulation of membrane potential Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara sensory perception of sound Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB sulfate transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Cellular_component	basolateral plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW lateral plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	secondary active sulfate transmembrane transporter activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P58743-1)

Also known as: SLC26A5a;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P58743-2)

Also known as: SLC26A5b;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     682-685: QVVN → FIQR
     686-744: Missing.

Isoform 3 (identifier: P58743-3)

Also known as: SLC26A5c;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     506-516: PSYKVLGKLPE → FHTEMTRRWRP
     517-744: Missing.

Isoform 4 (identifier: P58743-4)

Also known as: SLC26A5d;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     325-335: LLPPANPDTSL → FHTEMTRRWRP
     336-744: Missing.

Isoform 5 (identifier: P58743-5)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     438-469: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 744	744	Prestin		PRO_0000080167
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 79	79	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	80 – 100	21	Helical; Name=1; Potential
	Topological domain	101 – 102	2	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	103 – 123	21	Helical; Name=2; Potential
	Topological domain	124 – 131	8	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	132 – 152	21	Helical; Name=3; Potential
	Topological domain	153 – 183	31	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	184 – 204	21	Helical; Name=4; Potential
	Topological domain	205 – 211	7	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	212 – 232	21	Helical; Name=5; Potential
	Topological domain	233 – 253	21	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	254 – 274	21	Helical; Name=6; Potential
	Topological domain	275 – 286	12	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	287 – 307	21	Helical; Name=7; Potential
	Topological domain	308 – 334	27	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	335 – 355	21	Helical; Name=8; Potential
	Topological domain	356 – 374	19	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	375 – 395	21	Helical; Name=9; Potential
	Topological domain	396 – 411	16	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	412 – 432	21	Helical; Name=10; Potential
	Topological domain	433 – 441	9	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	442 – 462	21	Helical; Name=11; Potential
	Topological domain	463 – 479	17	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	480 – 500	21	Helical; Name=12; Potential
	Topological domain	501 – 744	244	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Domain	525 – 713	189	STAS
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	163	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	166	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	325 – 335	11	LLPPANPDTSL → FHTEMTRRWRP in isoform 4.		VSP_010190
	Alternative sequence	336 – 744	409	Missing in isoform 4.		VSP_010191
	Alternative sequence	438 – 469	32	Missing in isoform 5.		VSP_043153
	Alternative sequence	506 – 516	11	PSYKVLGKLPE → FHTEMTRRWRP in isoform 3.		VSP_010192
	Alternative sequence	517 – 744	228	Missing in isoform 3.		VSP_010193
	Alternative sequence	682 – 685	4	QVVN → FIQR in isoform 2.		VSP_010194
	Alternative sequence	686 – 744	59	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_010195

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (SLC26A5a) [UniParc]. Last modified March 27, 2002. Version 1. Checksum: 9E64BE6DB2DC065E	FASTA	744	81,264
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDHAEENEIL AATQRYYVER PIFSHPVLQE RLHTKDKVPD SIADKLKQAF TCTPKKIRNI 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYMFLPITKW LPAYKFKEYV LGDLVSGIST GVLQLPQGLA FAMLAAVPPI FGLYSSFYPV 130 140 150 160 170 180 IMYCFLGTSR HISIGPFAVI SLMIGGVAVR LVPDDIVIPG GVNATNGTEA RDALRVKVAM 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVTLLSGIIQ FCLGVCRFGF VAIYLTEPLV RGFTTAAAVH VFTSMLKYLF GVKTKRYSGI 250 260 270 280 290 300 FSVVYSTVAV LQNVKNLNVC SLGVGLMVFG LLLGGKEFNE RFKEKLPAPI PLEFFAVVMG 310 320 330 340 350 360 TGISAGFNLK ESYNVDVVGT LPLGLLPPAN PDTSLFHLVY VDAIAIAIVG FSVTISMAKT 370 380 390 400 410 420 LANKHGYQVD GNQELIALGL CNSIGSLFQT FSISCSLSRS LVQEGTGGKT QLAGCLASLM 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILLVILATGF LFESLPQAVL SAIVIVNLKG MFMQFSDLPF FWRTSKIELT IWLTTFVSSL 490 500 510 520 530 540 FLGLDYGLIT AVIIALLTVI YRTQSPSYKV LGKLPETDVY IDIDAYEEVK EIPGIKIFQI 550 560 570 580 590 600 NAPIYYANSD LYSNALKRKT GVNPAVIMGA RRKAMRKYAK EVGNANMANA TVVKADAEVD 610 620 630 640 650 660 GEDATKPEEE DGEVKYPPIV IKSTFPEEMQ RFMPPGDNVH TVILDFTQVN FIDSVGVKTL 670 680 690 700 710 720 AGIVKEYGDV GIYVYLAGCS AQVVNDLTRN RFFENPALWE LLFHSIHDAV LGSQLREALA 730 740 EQEASAPPSQ EDLEPNATPA TPEA
	Isoform 2 (SLC26A5b) [UniParc]. Checksum: EF5682F6B068BEAE	FASTA	685	74,844
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDHAEENEIL AATQRYYVER PIFSHPVLQE RLHTKDKVPD SIADKLKQAF TCTPKKIRNI 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYMFLPITKW LPAYKFKEYV LGDLVSGIST GVLQLPQGLA FAMLAAVPPI FGLYSSFYPV 130 140 150 160 170 180 IMYCFLGTSR HISIGPFAVI SLMIGGVAVR LVPDDIVIPG GVNATNGTEA RDALRVKVAM 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVTLLSGIIQ FCLGVCRFGF VAIYLTEPLV RGFTTAAAVH VFTSMLKYLF GVKTKRYSGI 250 260 270 280 290 300 FSVVYSTVAV LQNVKNLNVC SLGVGLMVFG LLLGGKEFNE RFKEKLPAPI PLEFFAVVMG 310 320 330 340 350 360 TGISAGFNLK ESYNVDVVGT LPLGLLPPAN PDTSLFHLVY VDAIAIAIVG FSVTISMAKT 370 380 390 400 410 420 LANKHGYQVD GNQELIALGL CNSIGSLFQT FSISCSLSRS LVQEGTGGKT QLAGCLASLM 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILLVILATGF LFESLPQAVL SAIVIVNLKG MFMQFSDLPF FWRTSKIELT IWLTTFVSSL 490 500 510 520 530 540 FLGLDYGLIT AVIIALLTVI YRTQSPSYKV LGKLPETDVY IDIDAYEEVK EIPGIKIFQI 550 560 570 580 590 600 NAPIYYANSD LYSNALKRKT GVNPAVIMGA RRKAMRKYAK EVGNANMANA TVVKADAEVD 610 620 630 640 650 660 GEDATKPEEE DGEVKYPPIV IKSTFPEEMQ RFMPPGDNVH TVILDFTQVN FIDSVGVKTL 670 680 AGIVKEYGDV GIYVYLAGCS AFIQR
	Isoform 3 (SLC26A5c) [UniParc]. Checksum: B12E4F7437574ED6	FASTA	516	56,458
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDHAEENEIL AATQRYYVER PIFSHPVLQE RLHTKDKVPD SIADKLKQAF TCTPKKIRNI 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYMFLPITKW LPAYKFKEYV LGDLVSGIST GVLQLPQGLA FAMLAAVPPI FGLYSSFYPV 130 140 150 160 170 180 IMYCFLGTSR HISIGPFAVI SLMIGGVAVR LVPDDIVIPG GVNATNGTEA RDALRVKVAM 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVTLLSGIIQ FCLGVCRFGF VAIYLTEPLV RGFTTAAAVH VFTSMLKYLF GVKTKRYSGI 250 260 270 280 290 300 FSVVYSTVAV LQNVKNLNVC SLGVGLMVFG LLLGGKEFNE RFKEKLPAPI PLEFFAVVMG 310 320 330 340 350 360 TGISAGFNLK ESYNVDVVGT LPLGLLPPAN PDTSLFHLVY VDAIAIAIVG FSVTISMAKT 370 380 390 400 410 420 LANKHGYQVD GNQELIALGL CNSIGSLFQT FSISCSLSRS LVQEGTGGKT QLAGCLASLM 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILLVILATGF LFESLPQAVL SAIVIVNLKG MFMQFSDLPF FWRTSKIELT IWLTTFVSSL 490 500 510 FLGLDYGLIT AVIIALLTVI YRTQSFHTEM TRRWRP
	Isoform 4 (SLC26A5d) [UniParc]. Checksum: 49BD1BF137784071	FASTA	335	36,949
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDHAEENEIL AATQRYYVER PIFSHPVLQE RLHTKDKVPD SIADKLKQAF TCTPKKIRNI 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYMFLPITKW LPAYKFKEYV LGDLVSGIST GVLQLPQGLA FAMLAAVPPI FGLYSSFYPV 130 140 150 160 170 180 IMYCFLGTSR HISIGPFAVI SLMIGGVAVR LVPDDIVIPG GVNATNGTEA RDALRVKVAM 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVTLLSGIIQ FCLGVCRFGF VAIYLTEPLV RGFTTAAAVH VFTSMLKYLF GVKTKRYSGI 250 260 270 280 290 300 FSVVYSTVAV LQNVKNLNVC SLGVGLMVFG LLLGGKEFNE RFKEKLPAPI PLEFFAVVMG 310 320 330 TGISAGFNLK ESYNVDVVGT LPLGFHTEMT RRWRP
	Isoform 5 [UniParc]. Checksum: DFC2F97FD6F18EC1	FASTA	712	77,579
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDHAEENEIL AATQRYYVER PIFSHPVLQE RLHTKDKVPD SIADKLKQAF TCTPKKIRNI 70 80 90 100 110 120 IYMFLPITKW LPAYKFKEYV LGDLVSGIST GVLQLPQGLA FAMLAAVPPI FGLYSSFYPV 130 140 150 160 170 180 IMYCFLGTSR HISIGPFAVI SLMIGGVAVR LVPDDIVIPG GVNATNGTEA RDALRVKVAM 190 200 210 220 230 240 SVTLLSGIIQ FCLGVCRFGF VAIYLTEPLV RGFTTAAAVH VFTSMLKYLF GVKTKRYSGI 250 260 270 280 290 300 FSVVYSTVAV LQNVKNLNVC SLGVGLMVFG LLLGGKEFNE RFKEKLPAPI PLEFFAVVMG 310 320 330 340 350 360 TGISAGFNLK ESYNVDVVGT LPLGLLPPAN PDTSLFHLVY VDAIAIAIVG FSVTISMAKT 370 380 390 400 410 420 LANKHGYQVD GNQELIALGL CNSIGSLFQT FSISCSLSRS LVQEGTGGKT QLAGCLASLM 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILLVILATGF LFESLPQTIW LTTFVSSLFL GLDYGLITAV IIALLTVIYR TQSPSYKVLG 490 500 510 520 530 540 KLPETDVYID IDAYEEVKEI PGIKIFQINA PIYYANSDLY SNALKRKTGV NPAVIMGARR 550 560 570 580 590 600 KAMRKYAKEV GNANMANATV VKADAEVDGE DATKPEEEDG EVKYPPIVIK STFPEEMQRF 610 620 630 640 650 660 MPPGDNVHTV ILDFTQVNFI DSVGVKTLAG IVKEYGDVGI YVYLAGCSAQ VVNDLTRNRF 670 680 690 700 710 FENPALWELL FHSIHDAVLG SQLREALAEQ EASAPPSQED LEPNATPATP EA

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Prestin, a cochlear motor protein, is defective in non-syndromic hearing loss." Liu X.Z., Ouyang X.M., Xia X.J., Zheng J., Pandya A., Li F., Du L.L., Welch K.O., Petit C., Smith R.J.H., Webb B.T., Yan D., Arnos K.S., Corey D., Dallos P., Nance W.E., Chen Z.-Y. Hum. Mol. Genet. 12:1155-1162(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2; 3 AND 4), INVOLVEMENT IN DFNB61. Tissue: Organ of Corti.
[2]	"The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7." Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L. , Nash W.E., Cordes M., Du H., Sun H., Edwards J., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Andrews S., Isak A., Vanbrunt A., Nguyen C., Du F., Lamar B., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P., Bielicki L., Scott K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Harris A., Strong C.M., Hou S., Tomlinson C., Dauphin-Kohlberg S., Kozlowicz-Reilly A., Leonard S., Rohlfing T., Rock S.M., Tin-Wollam A.-M., Abbott A., Minx P., Maupin R., Strowmatt C., Latreille P., Miller N., Johnson D., Murray J., Woessner J.P., Wendl M.C., Yang S.-P., Schultz B.R., Wallis J.W., Spieth J., Bieri T.A., Nelson J.O., Berkowicz N., Wohldmann P.E., Cook L.L., Hickenbotham M.T., Eldred J., Williams D., Bedell J.A., Mardis E.R., Clifton S.W., Chissoe S.L., Marra M.A., Raymond C., Haugen E., Gillett W., Zhou Y., James R., Phelps K., Iadanoto S., Bubb K., Simms E., Levy R., Clendenning J., Kaul R., Kent W.J., Furey T.S., Baertsch R.A., Brent M.R., Keibler E., Flicek P., Bork P., Suyama M., Bailey J.A., Portnoy M.E., Torrents D., Chinwalla A.T., Gish W.R., Eddy S.R., McPherson J.D., Olson M.V., Eichler E.E., Green E.D., Waterston R.H., Wilson R.K. Nature 424:157-164(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 5).
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Protein Spotlight

Pump up the volume - Issue 22 of May 2002

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	AF523354 mRNA. Translation: AAP31417.1. AY256823 mRNA. Translation: AAP31532.1. AY256824 mRNA. Translation: AAP31533.1. AY256825 mRNA. Translation: AAP31534.1. AC004668 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC005064 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC093701 Genomic DNA. No translation available. BC100833 mRNA. Translation: AAI00834.1.
IPI	IPI00410491. IPI00470648. IPI00654784. IPI00749380. IPI00853632.
RefSeq	NP_001161434.1. NM_001167962.1. NP_945350.1. NM_198999.2. NP_996766.1. NM_206883.2. NP_996767.1. NM_206884.2. NP_996768.1. NM_206885.2.
UniGene	Hs.585146.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P58743.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	9606.ENSP00000304783.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P58743.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	20139418.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P58743.
PRIDE	P58743.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000306312; ENSP00000304783; ENSG00000170615. ENST00000339444; ENSP00000342396; ENSG00000170615. ENST00000356767; ENSP00000349210; ENSG00000170615. ENST00000393730; ENSP00000377331; ENSG00000170615. ENST00000393735; ENSP00000377336; ENSG00000170615. ENST00000432958; ENSP00000389733; ENSG00000170615.
GeneID	375611.
KEGG	hsa:375611.
UCSC	uc003vbt.2. human. uc003vbu.2. human. uc003vbv.2. human. uc003vbz.3. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	375611.
GeneCards	GC07M102993.
HGNC	HGNC:9359. SLC26A5.
MIM	604943. gene. 613865. phenotype.
neXtProt	NX_P58743.
Orphanet	90636. Autosomal recessive nonsyndromic sensorineural deafness type DFNB.
PharmGKB	PA33731.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG0659.
HOGENOM	HOG000006546.
HOVERGEN	HBG000639.
KO	K14703.
PhylomeDB	P58743.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P58743.
Bgee	P58743.
CleanEx	HS_SLC26A5.
Genevestigator	P58743.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.30.750.24. 2 hits.
InterPro	IPR018045. S04_transporter_CS. IPR002645. STAS_dom. IPR001902. SulP_transpt. IPR011547. Sulph_transpt. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF01740. STAS. 1 hit. PF00916. Sulfate_transp. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF52091. STAS. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00815. sulP. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS01130. SLC26A. 1 hit. PS50801. STAS. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
GenomeRNAi	375611.
NextBio	100545.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

S26A5_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P58743
Secondary accession number(s): Q496J2 , Q86UF8, Q86UF9, Q86UG0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	March 27, 2002
Last sequence update:	March 27, 2002
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 96 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.