P56852M5AYA3TXHN1_GRAROKappa-theraphotoxin-Gr1aKappa-TRTX-Gr1aHanatoxin-1HaTx1Grammostola roseaChilean rose tarantulaGrammostola spatulataEukaryotaMetazoaEcdysozoaArthropodaChelicerataArachnidaAraneaeMygalomorphaeTheraphosidaeGrammostolaGrammostola spatulata venom gland cDNA.NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]An inhibitor of the Kv2.1 potassium channel isolated from the venom of a Chilean tarantula.PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 51-85SUBCELLULAR LOCATIONHanatoxin modifies the gating of a voltage-dependent K+ channel through multiple binding sites.FUNCTIONMapping the receptor site for hanatoxin, a gating modifier of voltage-dependent K+ channels.FUNCTIONGating modifier toxins reveal a conserved structural motif in voltage-gated Ca2+ and K+ channels.FUNCTIONVoltage-sensor activation with a tarantula toxin as cargo.MEMBRANE-PARTITIONINGGating modifier peptides as probes of pancreatic beta-cell physiology.FUNCTION ON PANCREATIC BETA-CELLSSolution structure of hanatoxin1, a gating modifier of voltage-dependent K(+) channels: common surface features of gating modifier toxins.STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 51-85DISULFIDE BONDSInhibits Kv2.1/KCNB1 and Kv4.2/KCND2 voltage-gated potassium channels. Acts as a gating modifier by shifting channel openings to more depolarized voltages and acts via the occupancy of multiple binding sites on the channel. The toxin binding sites are situated on the S3-S4 extracellular linker of the channel. At least two hanatoxin molecules can occupy the Kv2.1/KCNB1 channel, and maybe more (three or four). Can also inhibit calcium channels (Cav2.1/CACNA1A). Needs to partition into the membrane in order to bind to the channel.SecretedExpressed by the venom gland.The presence of a 'disulfide through disulfide knot' structurally defines this protein as a knottin.Belongs to the neurotoxin 10 (Hwtx-1) family. 09 (HaTx) subfamily.3D-structureCalcium channel impairing toxinDirect protein sequencingDisulfide bondIon channel impairing toxinKnottinNeurotoxinPotassium channel impairing toxinSecretedSignalToxinVoltage-gated calcium channel impairing toxinVoltage-gated potassium channel impairing toxinMKTSVFAAILGLALFAVLCSGSELQEKDLKETLLSAIMETALEAQPEERECRYLFGGCKTTSDCCKHLGCKFRDKYCAWDFTFSK
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