P55211 (CASP9_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Caspase-9
Short name=CASP-9
EC=3.4.22.62

Alternative name(s):
Apoptotic protease Mch-6
Apoptotic protease-activating factor 3
Short name=APAF-3
ICE-like apoptotic protease 6
Short name=ICE-LAP6

Cleaved into the following 2 chains:

1. Caspase-9 subunit p35
2. Caspase-9 subunit p10

Gene names

Name:	CASP9
Synonyms:	MCH6

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	416 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Involved in the activation cascade of caspases responsible for apoptosis execution. Binding of caspase-9 to Apaf-1 leads to activation of the protease which then cleaves and activates caspase-3. Promotes DNA damage-induced apoptosis in a ABL1/c-Abl-dependent manner. Proteolytically cleaves poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Ref.17 Ref.24 Isoform 2 lacks activity is an dominant-negative inhibitor of caspase-9. Ref.17 Ref.24
Catalytic activity	Strict requirement for an Asp residue at position P1 and with a marked preference for His at position P2. It has a preferred cleavage sequence of Leu-Gly-His-Asp-|-Xaa. Ref.24
Enzyme regulation	Inhibited by the effector protein NleF that is produced by pathogenic E.coli; this inhibits apoptosis. Ref.24
Subunit structure	Heterotetramer that consists of two anti-parallel arranged heterodimers, each one formed by a 35 kDa (p35) and a 10 kDa (p10) subunit. Caspase-9 and APAF1 bind to each other via their respective NH2-terminal CED-3 homologous domains in the presence of cytochrome C and ATP. Interacts (inactive form) with EFHD2. Interacts with HAX1. Interacts with BIRC2/c-IAP1, XIAP/BIRC4, BIRC5/survivin, BIRC6/bruce and BIRC7/livin. Interacts with ABL1 (via SH3 domain); the interaction is direct and increases in the response of cells to genotoxic stress and ABL1/c-Abl activation. Interacts with NleF from pathogenic E.coli. Ref.16 Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.20 Ref.22 Ref.24
Tissue specificity	Ubiquitous, with highest expression in the heart, moderate expression in liver, skeletal muscle, and pancreas. Low levels in all other tissues. Within the heart, specifically expressed in myocytes. Ref.18
Developmental stage	Expressed at low levels in fetal heart, at moderate levels in neonate heart, and at high levels in adult heart. Ref.18
Post-translational modification	Cleavages at Asp-315 by granzyme B and at Asp-330 by caspase-3 generate the two active subunits. Caspase-8 and -10 can also be involved in these processing events. Phosphorylated at Thr-125 by MAPK1/ERK2. Phosphorylation at Thr-125 is sufficient to block caspase-9 processing and subsequent caspase-3 activation. Phosphorylation on Tyr-153 by ABL1/c-Abl; occurs in the response of cells to DNA damage. Ref.15 Ref.17
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the peptidase C14A family. Contains 1 CARD domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Apoptosis
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism
Molecular function	Hydrolase Protease Thiol protease
PTM	Phosphoprotein Zymogen
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	activation of cysteine-type endopeptidase activity involved in apoptotic process by cytochrome c Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome cellular response to UV Inferred from direct assay Ref.17. Source: UniProtKB cellular response to dexamethasone stimulus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara epidermal growth factor receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome innate immune response Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to DNA damage Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.17. Source: UniProtKB neurotrophin TRK receptor signaling pathway Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome phosphatidylinositol-mediated signaling Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara proteolysis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW regulation of response to DNA damage stimulus Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.17. Source: UniProtKB signal transduction in response to DNA damage Inferred from direct assay Ref.17. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	apoptosome Inferred from direct assay PubMed 21827945. Source: UniProtKB nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara
Molecular_function	SH3 domain binding Inferred from direct assay Ref.17. Source: UniProtKB cysteine-type endopeptidase activity Traceable author statement PubMed 9390557. Source: ProtInc enzyme activator activity Traceable author statement PubMed 9390557. Source: ProtInc protein kinase binding Inferred from direct assay Ref.17. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
APAF1	O14727	17	EBI-516799,EBI-446492
BIRC7	Q96CA5	5	EBI-516799,EBI-517623
ILK	Q13418	2	EBI-516799,EBI-747644
XIAP	P98170	5	EBI-516799,EBI-517127

Alternative products

This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P55211-1)

Also known as: 9L; Alpha;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P55211-2)

Also known as: 9S; Beta;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     140-289: Missing.

Isoform 3 (identifier: P55211-3)

Also known as: Gamma;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     152-154: AYI → TVL
     155-416: Missing.

Note: May function as an endogenous apoptotic inhibitor, inhibits the BAX-mediated cleavage of procaspase-3.

Isoform 4 (identifier: P55211-4)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-83: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Propeptide

1 – ?

Potential

PRO_0000004640

Chain

? – 315

Caspase-9 subunit p35

PRO_0000004641

Propeptide

316 – 330

15

PRO_0000004642

Chain

331 – 416

86

Caspase-9 subunit p10

PRO_0000004643

Regions

Domain

1 – 92

92

CARD

Sites

Active site

237

1

By similarity

Active site

287

1

By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

125

1

Phosphothreonine; by MAPK1 Ref.15 Ref.19

Modified residue

153

1

Phosphotyrosine; by ABL1 Ref.17

Modified residue

302

1

Phosphoserine Ref.19

Modified residue

307

1

Phosphoserine Ref.19 Ref.21

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

1 – 83

83

Missing in isoform 4.

VSP_044256

Alternative sequence

140 – 289

150

Missing in isoform 2.

VSP_000818

Alternative sequence

152 – 154

3

AYI → TVL in isoform 3.

VSP_043910

Alternative sequence

155 – 416

262

Missing in isoform 3.

VSP_043911

Natural variant

28

1

A → V. Ref.1 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs1052571 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015415

Natural variant

99

1

S → L. Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs4646008 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015416

Natural variant

102

1

T → I. Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs2308941 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015417

Natural variant

106

1

L → V. Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs2308938 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015418

Natural variant

114

1

E → D. Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs2020897 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015419

Natural variant

136

1

F → L.
Corresponds to variant rs1820204 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_059198

Natural variant

173

1

R → H. Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs2308950 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015420

Natural variant

176

1

G → R.
Corresponds to variant rs2308949 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_016131

Natural variant

185

1

I → M.
Corresponds to variant rs9282624 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_022053

Natural variant

192

1

R → C.
Corresponds to variant rs2308939 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_016132

Natural variant

221

1

Q → R. Ref.1 Ref.9
Corresponds to variant rs1052576 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].

VAR_015421

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

153

1

Y → F: Inhibits tyrosine phosphorylation. Reduces caspase-9 subunit p35 formation in response to genotoxic stress. Attenuates ABL1/c-Abl-mediated caspase-3 activation, DNA fragmentation and UV irradiation-induced apoptosis. Ref.17

Sequence conflict

32

1

R → S in AAC50776. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

32

1

R → S in BAA82697. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

32

1

R → S in BAA87905. Ref.6

Sequence conflict

96

1

A → G in AAC50640. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

197

1

L → P in AAC50776. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

197

1

L → P in BAA82697. Ref.3

Secondary structure

1

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416

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

3 – 11

9

Helix

13 – 19

7

Turn

23 – 25

3

Helix

26 – 31

6

Helix

37 – 44

8

Helix

51 – 62

12

Helix

69 – 78

10

Turn

79 – 81

3

Helix

83 – 94

12

Helix

143 – 147

5

Turn

149 – 151

3

Beta strand

157 – 159

3

Beta strand

161 – 167

7

Helix

173 – 175

3

Helix

183 – 196

14

Beta strand

199 – 206

8

Helix

209 – 221

13

Helix

224 – 226

3

Beta strand

228 – 239

12

Beta strand

244 – 246

3

Beta strand

249 – 251

3

Beta strand

257 – 259

3

Helix

260 – 265

6

Turn

269 – 271

3

Helix

273 – 275

3

Beta strand

280 – 287

8

Beta strand

317 – 319

3

Beta strand

340 – 346

7

Beta strand

351 – 353

3

Beta strand

354 – 356

3

Turn

357 – 359

3

Helix

362 – 374

13

Turn

375 – 377

3

Helix

380 – 392

13

Beta strand

395 – 398

4

Beta strand

402 – 406

5

Beta strand

408 – 410

3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 (9L) (Alpha) [UniParc]. Last modified February 22, 2003. Version 3. Checksum: 78E0180DF2A3BDD2	FASTA	416	46,281
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDEADRRLLR RCRLRLVEEL QVDQLWDALL SRELFRPHMI EDIQRAGSGS RRDQARQLII 70 80 90 100 110 120 DLETRGSQAL PLFISCLEDT GQDMLASFLR TNRQAAKLSK PTLENLTPVV LRPEIRKPEV 130 140 150 160 170 180 LRPETPRPVD IGSGGFGDVG ALESLRGNAD LAYILSMEPC GHCLIINNVN FCRESGLRTR 190 200 210 220 230 240 TGSNIDCEKL RRRFSSLHFM VEVKGDLTAK KMVLALLELA QQDHGALDCC VVVILSHGCQ 250 260 270 280 290 300 ASHLQFPGAV YGTDGCPVSV EKIVNIFNGT SCPSLGGKPK LFFIQACGGE QKDHGFEVAS 310 320 330 340 350 360 TSPEDESPGS NPEPDATPFQ EGLRTFDQLD AISSLPTPSD IFVSYSTFPG FVSWRDPKSG 370 380 390 400 410 SWYVETLDDI FEQWAHSEDL QSLLLRVANA VSVKGIYKQM PGCFNFLRKK LFFKTS
	Isoform 2 (9S) (Beta) [UniParc]. Checksum: A12848BEBDC35A64	FASTA	266	30,184
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDEADRRLLR RCRLRLVEEL QVDQLWDALL SRELFRPHMI EDIQRAGSGS RRDQARQLII 70 80 90 100 110 120 DLETRGSQAL PLFISCLEDT GQDMLASFLR TNRQAAKLSK PTLENLTPVV LRPEIRKPEV 130 140 150 160 170 180 LRPETPRPVD IGSGGFGDVE QKDHGFEVAS TSPEDESPGS NPEPDATPFQ EGLRTFDQLD 190 200 210 220 230 240 AISSLPTPSD IFVSYSTFPG FVSWRDPKSG SWYVETLDDI FEQWAHSEDL QSLLLRVANA 250 260 VSVKGIYKQM PGCFNFLRKK LFFKTS
	Isoform 3 (Gamma) [UniParc]. Checksum: B23A46C92AC6AA11	FASTA	154	17,397
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MDEADRRLLR RCRLRLVEEL QVDQLWDALL SRELFRPHMI EDIQRAGSGS RRDQARQLII 70 80 90 100 110 120 DLETRGSQAL PLFISCLEDT GQDMLASFLR TNRQAAKLSK PTLENLTPVV LRPEIRKPEV 130 140 150 LRPETPRPVD IGSGGFGDVG ALESLRGNAD LTVL
	Isoform 4 [UniParc]. Checksum: 2B62F8CFD1FF3145	FASTA	333	36,564
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLASFLRTNR QAAKLSKPTL ENLTPVVLRP EIRKPEVLRP ETPRPVDIGS GGFGDVGALE 70 80 90 100 110 120 SLRGNADLAY ILSMEPCGHC LIINNVNFCR ESGLRTRTGS NIDCEKLRRR FSSLHFMVEV 130 140 150 160 170 180 KGDLTAKKMV LALLELAQQD HGALDCCVVV ILSHGCQASH LQFPGAVYGT DGCPVSVEKI 190 200 210 220 230 240 VNIFNGTSCP SLGGKPKLFF IQACGGEQKD HGFEVASTSP EDESPGSNPE PDATPFQEGL 250 260 270 280 290 300 RTFDQLDAIS SLPTPSDIFV SYSTFPGFVS WRDPKSGSWY VETLDDIFEQ WAHSEDLQSL 310 320 330 LLRVANAVSV KGIYKQMPGC FNFLRKKLFF KTS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"ICE-LAP6, a novel member of the ICE/Ced-3 gene family, is activated by the cytotoxic T cell protease granzyme B." Duan H., Orth K., Chinnaiyan A.M., Poirier G.G., Froelich C.J., He W.-W., Dixit V.M. J. Biol. Chem. 271:16720-16724(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS VAL-28 AND ARG-221.
[2]	"The Ced-3/interleukin 1beta converting enzyme-like homolog Mch6 and the lamin-cleaving enzyme Mch2alpha are substrates for the apoptotic mediator CPP32." Srinivasula S.M., Fernandes-Alnemri T., Zangrilli J., Robertson N., Armstrong R.C., Wang L., Trapani J.A., Tomaselli K.J., Litwack G., Alnemri E.S. J. Biol. Chem. 271:27099-27106(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING. Tissue: T-cell.
[3]	"Genomic organization of the human caspase-9 gene on chromosome 1p36.1-p36.3." Hadano S., Nasir J., Nichol K., Rasper D.M., Vaillancourt J.P., Sherer S.W., Beatty B.G., Ikeda J.E., Nicholson D.W., Hayden M.R. Mamm. Genome 10:757-760(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Identification of an endogenous dominant-negative short isoform of caspase-9 that can regulate apoptosis." Srinivasula S.M., Ahmad M., Guo Y., Zhan Y., Lazebnik Y., Fernandes-Alnemri T., Alnemri E.S. Cancer Res. 59:999-1002(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
[5]	"Molecular cloning and sequencing of a cDNA predicting an alternative form of pro-caspase-9 from human gastric cancer cell lines." Izawa M., Mori T., Ito H., Sairenji T. Submitted (JUN-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Stomach cancer.
[6]	"A novel splicing product of human caspase-9 lacking protease activity." Miho Y., Momoi T., Fujita E. Submitted (DEC-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
[7]	"A caspase-9 variant missing the catalytic site is an endogenous inhibitor of apoptosis." Seol D.W., Billiar T.R. J. Biol. Chem. 274:2072-2076(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), VARIANT VAL-28.
[8]	"Cloning of a novel human caspase-9 splice variant containing only the CARD domain." Wang P., Shi T., Ma D. Life Sci. 79:934-940(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), VARIANT VAL-28.
[9]	NIEHS SNPs program Submitted (JAN-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANTS VAL-28; LEU-99; ILE-102; VAL-106; ASP-114; HIS-173 AND ARG-221.
[10]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[11]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 4). Tissue: Kidney.
[12]	"The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. , Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C., Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D., Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J., Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L., Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R., Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D., Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G., Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M., Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J., Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S., Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N., Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J., Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C., Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z., Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A., Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R., Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R. Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[13]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[14]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Eye and Lymph.
[15]	"Inhibition of caspase-9 through phosphorylation at Thr 125 by ERK MAPK." Allan L.A., Morrice N., Brady S., Magee G., Pathak S., Clarke P.R. Nat. Cell Biol. 5:647-654(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-125.
[16]	"Dual role of BRUCE as an antiapoptotic IAP and a chimeric E2/E3 ubiquitin ligase." Bartke T., Pohl C., Pyrowolakis G., Jentsch S. Mol. Cell 14:801-811(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH BIRC6/BRUCE.
[17]	"c-Abl tyrosine kinase regulates caspase-9 autocleavage in the apoptotic response to DNA damage." Raina D., Pandey P., Ahmad R., Bharti A., Ren J., Kharbanda S., Weichselbaum R., Kufe D. J. Biol. Chem. 280:11147-11151(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN APOPTOSIS, INTERACTION WITH ABL1, PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING, PHOSPHORYLATION AT TYR-153 BY ABL1, MUTAGENESIS OF TYR-153.
[18]	"Overexpression of HAX-1 protects cardiac myocytes from apoptosis through caspase-9 inhibition." Han Y., Chen Y.S., Liu Z., Bodyak N., Rigor D., Bisping E., Pu W.T., Kang P.M. Circ. Res. 99:415-423(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH HAX1, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[19]	"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-125; SER-302 AND SER-307, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma.
[20]	"Comparative proteomics analysis of caspase-9-protein complexes in untreated and cytochrome c/dATP stimulated lysates of NSCLC cells." Checinska A., Giaccone G., Rodriguez J.A., Kruyt F.A.E., Jimenez C.R. J. Proteomics 72:575-585(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH EFHD2.
[21]	"Quantitative phosphoproteomics reveals widespread full phosphorylation site occupancy during mitosis." Olsen J.V., Vermeulen M., Santamaria A., Kumar C., Miller M.L., Jensen L.J., Gnad F., Cox J., Jensen T.S., Nigg E.A., Brunak S., Mann M. Sci. Signal. 3:RA3-RA3(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-307, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma.
[22]	"Dimer formation drives the activation of the cell death protease caspase 9." Renatus M., Stennicke H.R., Scott F.L., Liddington R.C., Salvesen G.S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98:14250-14255(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.8 ANGSTROMS) OF 140-416, SUBUNIT.
[23]	"Mechanism of XIAP-mediated inhibition of caspase-9." Shiozaki E.N., Chai J., Rigotti D.J., Riedl S.J., Li P., Srinivasula S.M., Alnemri E.S., Fairman R., Shi Y. Mol. Cell 11:519-527(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.4 ANGSTROMS) OF 140-416 IN COMPLEX WITH BIRC4/XIAP.
[24]	"The E.coli effector protein NleF is a caspase inhibitor." Blasche S., Moertl M., Steuber H., Siszler G., Nisa S., Schwarz F., Lavrik I., Gronewold T.M.A., Maskos K., Donnenberg M.S., Ullmann D., Uetz P., Koegl M. PLoS ONE 0:0-0(2013) Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (3.49 ANGSTROMS) OF 140-416 IN COMPLEX WITH E.COLI NLEF, INTERACTION WITH E.COLI NLEF, SUBUNIT, CATALYTIC ACTIVITY, FUNCTION, ENZYME REGULATION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology

NIEHS-SNPs

Wikipedia

Caspase-9 entry

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

U56390 mRNA. Translation: AAC50640.1.
U60521 mRNA. Translation: AAC50776.1.
AB019205 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA82697.1.
AF093130 mRNA. Translation: AAD12248.1.
AB015653 mRNA. Translation: BAA78780.1.
AB020979 mRNA. Translation: BAA87905.1.
AF110376 mRNA. Translation: AAD13615.1.
AY732490 mRNA. Translation: AAV33129.1.
AY214168 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAO21133.1.
BT006911 mRNA. Translation: AAP35557.1.
AK303743 mRNA. Translation: BAG64715.1.
AL512883 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAC42423.1.
AL512883 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI12973.1.
CH471167 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW51730.1.
CH471167 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW51731.1.
BC002452 mRNA. Translation: AAH02452.1.
BC006463 mRNA. Translation: AAH06463.1.

IPI

IPI00023875.
IPI00216934.
IPI00646591.

PIR

G02635.

RefSeq

NP_001220.2. NM_001229.3.
NP_127463.2. NM_032996.2.

UniGene

Hs.329502.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1JXQ	X-ray	2.80	A/B/C/D	140-416	[»]
1NW9	X-ray	2.40	B	140-416	[»]
2AR9	X-ray	2.80	A/B/C/D	140-416	[»]
3D9T	X-ray	1.50	C/D	316-321	[»]
3V3K	X-ray	3.49	A/C/E/G/I/K/M/O	141-416	[»]
3YGS	X-ray	2.50	P	1-95	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

P55211.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP-27625N.

IntAct

P55211. 9 interactions.

MINT

MINT-89165.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000330237.

Protein family/group databases

MEROPS

C14.010.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P55211.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

28558771.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

P55211.

PRIDE

P55211.

Protocols and materials databases

DNASU

842.

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000333868; ENSP00000330237; ENSG00000132906.
ENST00000348549; ENSP00000255256; ENSG00000132906.
ENST00000375890; ENSP00000365051; ENSG00000132906.

GeneID

842.

KEGG

hsa:842.

UCSC

uc001awn.3. human.
uc001awo.3. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

842.

GeneCards

GC01M015814.

HGNC

HGNC:1511. CASP9.

HPA

CAB004348.
HPA001473.

MIM

602234. gene.

neXtProt

NX_P55211.

PharmGKB

PA26094.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG319022.

HOVERGEN

HBG059022.

KO

K04399.

OrthoDB

EOG4DV5M9.

PhylomeDB

P55211.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA

3.4.22.62. 2681.

Pathway_Interaction_DB

caspase_pathway. Caspase cascade in apoptosis.
pi3kciaktpathway. Class I PI3K signaling events mediated by Akt.
hivnefpathway. HIV-1 Nef: Negative effector of Fas and TNF-alpha.
p75ntrpathway. p75(NTR)-mediated signaling.

Reactome

REACT_111102. Signal Transduction.
REACT_116125. Disease.
REACT_578. Apoptosis.
REACT_6900. Immune System.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P55211.

Bgee

P55211.

CleanEx

HS_CASP9.

Genevestigator

P55211.

GermOnline

ENSG00000132906. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D

1.10.533.10. 1 hit.

InterPro

IPR001315. CARD.
IPR017350. Caspase_IL-1_beta.
IPR011029. DEATH-like_dom.
IPR011600. Pept_C14_cat.
IPR001309. Pept_C14_ICE_p20.
IPR016129. Pept_C14_ICE_p20_AS.
IPR002138. Pept_C14_p10.
IPR002398. Pept_C14_p45.
IPR015917. Pept_C14_p45_core.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR10454. PTHR10454. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00619. CARD. 1 hit.
PF00656. Peptidase_C14. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PIRSF

PIRSF038001. Caspase_ICE. 1 hit.

PRINTS

PR00376. IL1BCENZYME.

SMART

SM00114. CARD. 1 hit.
SM00115. CASc. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF47986. DEATH_like. 1 hit.

PROSITE

PS50209. CARD. 1 hit.
PS01122. CASPASE_CYS. 1 hit.
PS01121. CASPASE_HIS. 1 hit.
PS50207. CASPASE_P10. 1 hit.
PS50208. CASPASE_P20. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

BindingDB

P55211.

ChEMBL

CHEMBL2273.

EvolutionaryTrace

P55211.

GenomeRNAi

842.

NextBio

3524.

PMAP-CutDB

P55211.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CASP9_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P55211
Secondary accession number(s): B4E1A3 , O95348, Q53Y70, Q5JRU9, Q5UGI1, Q92852, Q9BQ62, Q9UEQ3, Q9UIJ8

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	February 22, 2003
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 152 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.