Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P55024 (TYRO_CHICK)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Tyrosinase
    EC=1.14.18.1
Alternative name(s):
    Monophenol monooxygenase

Gene names

Name:

TYR

Organism

Gallus gallus (Chicken)

Taxonomic identifier

9031 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Archosauria › Dinosauria › Saurischia › Theropoda › Coelurosauria › Aves › Neognathae › Galliformes › Phasianidae › Phasianinae › Gallus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	529 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	This is a copper-containing oxidase that functions in the formation of pigments such as melanins and other polyphenolic compounds. Catalyzes the rate-limiting conversions of tyrosine to DOPA, DOPA to DOPA-quinone and possibly 5,6-dihydroxyindole to indole-5,6 quinone.
Catalytic activity	L-tyrosine + L-dopa + O2 = L-dopa + dopaquinone + H2O.
Cofactor	Binds 2 copper ions per subunit.
Subcellular location	Melanosome membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Melanin biosynthesis
Cellular component	Membrane
Domain	Signal Transmembrane
Ligand	Copper Metal-binding
Molecular function	Monooxygenase Oxidoreductase
PTM	Glycoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	melanin biosynthetic process from tyrosine Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW melanosome membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	copper ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW monophenol monooxygenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 18	18	Potential
	Chain	19 – 529	511	Tyrosinase		PRO_0000035881
Regions
	Topological domain	19 – 476	458	Lumenal, melanosome Potential
	Transmembrane	477 – 497	21	Potential
	Topological domain	498 – 529	32	Cytoplasmic Potential
Sites
	Metal binding	180	1	Copper A By similarity
	Metal binding	202	1	Copper A By similarity
	Metal binding	211	1	Copper A By similarity
	Metal binding	363	1	Copper B By similarity
	Metal binding	367	1	Copper B By similarity
	Metal binding	390	1	Copper B By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	86	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	111	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	161	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	230	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	290	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	337	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	356	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	371	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P55024-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 74B464A52C3EFBF5	FASTA	529	60,357
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MFLFAMGLLL VILQPSTGQF PRVCANTQSL LRKECCPPWD GDGTPCGERS NRGTCQRILL 70 80 90 100 110 120 SQAPLGPQFP FSGVDDREDW PSVFYNRTCR CRGNFMGFNC GECKFGFSGQ NCTERRLRTR 130 140 150 160 170 180 RNIFQLTISE KDKFLAYLNL AKNIPSKDYV IATGTYAQMN NGSNPMFRNI NVYDLFVWMH 190 200 210 220 230 240 YYASRDTLLG GSNVWRDIDF AHEAPGFLPW HRAFLLLWER EIQKITGDEN FTIPYWDWRD 250 260 270 280 290 300 AEDCVICTDE YMGGQHPTNP NLLSPASFFS SWQVICTQSE EYNSQQALCN ATSEGPILRN 310 320 330 340 350 360 PGNNDKSRTP RLPSSSEVEF CLTLTQYESG SMDKMANYSF RNTLEGFADP HTAISNISQS 370 380 390 400 410 420 GLHNALHIYM NGSMSQVQGS ANDPIFILHH AFVDSIFERW LRRHRPMLEV YPAANAPIGH 430 440 450 460 470 480 NRENYMVPFI PLYRNGEFFI SSRELGYDYE YLQEPALGSF QDFLIPYLKQ AHQIWPWLVG 490 500 510 520 AAVIGGIITA VLSGLILACR KKRKGTSPEI QPLLTESEDY NNVSYQSHF

References

[1]	"Isolation and characterization of a chicken tyrosinase cDNA." Mochii M., Iio A., Yamamoto H., Takeuchi T., Eguchi G. Pigment Cell Res. 5:162-167(1992) [PubMed: 1494538] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: White leghorn.
[2]	"Characteristic sequences in the promoter region of the chicken tyrosinase-encoding gene." Ferguson C.A., Kidson S.H. Gene 169:191-195(1996) [PubMed: 8647445] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-273.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	D88349 mRNA. Translation: BAA13590.1. L46805 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB08441.1.
IPI	IPI00584287.
PIR	PC4153.
RefSeq	NP_989491.1.
UniGene	Gga.928
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSGALG00000017237. Gallus gallus. [Contig view]
GeneID	373971.
KEGG	gga:373971.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	P55024.
OMA	P55024. FSFRNTL.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.14.18.1. 4.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR008922. Di-copper_centre. IPR002227. Tyrosinase. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.1280.10. Di-copper_centre. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00264. Tyrosinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00092. TYROSINASE.
PROSITE	PS00497. TYROSINASE_1. 1 hit. PS00498. TYROSINASE_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

TYRO_CHICK

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P55024

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 61 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)