Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P55008 (AIF1_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Allograft inflammatory factor 1
      Short name=AIF-1
Alternative name(s):
    Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1
      Short name=Protein G1

Gene names

Name:	AIF1
Synonyms:	G1, IBA1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	147 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. Enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. Binds calcium. Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. May play a role in macrophage activation and function. Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. Enhances lymphocyte migration. Plays a role in vascular inflammation. Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12
Subunit structure	Homodimer Potential. Monomer. Interacts with LCP1.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Cell projection › ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note: Associated with the actin cytoskeleton at membrane ruffles and at sites of phagocytosis.
Tissue specificity	Detected in T-lymphocytes and peripheral bloos mononuclear cells. Ref.11
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated on serine residues.
Sequence similarities	Contains 2 EF-hand domains.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Cell projection Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Repeat
Ligand	Actin-binding Calcium
PTM	Acetylation Phosphoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	actin filament bundle formation Ref.12 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB cell cycle arrest Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc inflammatory response Ref.2 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc negative regulation of cell proliferation Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Cellular component	nucleus Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Molecular function	actin filament binding Ref.12 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB calcium ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 147

147

Allograft inflammatory factor 1

PRO_0000073865

Regions

Domain

45 – 80

36

EF-hand 1

Domain

81 – 115

35

EF-hand 2; degenerate

Calcium binding

58 – 69

12

1 Potential

Calcium binding

94 – 105

12

2 By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

11

1

N6-acetyllysine Ref.13

Natural variations

Natural variant

14

1

G → R: dbSNP rs2736182. Ref.5 Ref.6

VAR_048665

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

33

1

D → H in AAA92457. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

131 – 147

17

KEKPT…ISELP → RKTNTPPSQESPI in AAA92457. Ref.2

Secondary structure

1

.

.

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147

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Beta strand

10 – 13

4

Helix

20 – 32

13

Helix

35 – 37

3

Helix

43 – 54

12

Helix

67 – 76

10

Helix

83 – 93

11

Beta strand

95 – 101

7

Helix

103 – 110

8

Beta strand

111 – 114

4

Helix

117 – 122

6

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P55008-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 0104CCF092074E8F	FASTA	147	16,703
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSQTRDLQGG KAFGLLKAQQ EERLDEINKQ FLDDPKYSSD EDLPSKLEGF KEKYMEFDLN 70 80 90 100 110 120 GNGDIDIMSL KRMLEKLGVP KTHLELKKLI GEVSSGSGET FSYPDFLRMM LGKRSAILKM 130 140 ILMYEEKARE KEKPTGPPAK KAISELP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Allograft inflammatory factory-1. A cytokine-responsive macrophage molecule expressed in transplanted human hearts." Utans U., Quist W.C., McManus B.M., Wilson J.E., Arceci R.J., Wallace A.F., Russell M.E. Transplantation 61:1387-1392(1996) [PubMed: 8629302] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"cDNA cloning of human allograft inflammatory factor-1: tissue distribution, cytokine induction, and mRNA expression in injured rat carotid arteries." Autieri M.V. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 228:29-37(1996) [PubMed: 8912632] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]	"Novel calcium binding protein, Iba1 (ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1), which is phosphorylated on serine." Imai Y., Ohsawa K., Kohsaka S. Submitted (OCT-1996) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]	"A new member of the Ig superfamily and a V-ATPase G subunit are among the predicted products of novel genes close to the TNF locus in the human MHC." Neville M.J., Campbell R.D. J. Immunol. 162:4745-4754(1999) [PubMed: 10202016] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S. Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT ARG-14.
[6]	"Analysis of the gene-dense major histocompatibility complex class III region and its comparison to mouse." Xie T., Rowen L., Aguado B., Ahearn M.E., Madan A., Qin S., Campbell R.D., Hood L. Genome Res. 13:2621-2636(2003) [PubMed: 14656967] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ARG-14.
[7]	"Homo sapiens 2,229,817bp genomic DNA of 6p21.3 HLA class I region." Shiina S., Tamiya G., Oka A., Inoko H. Submitted (SEP-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[8]	"The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6." Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L., Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R., Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews T.D. , Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Barker D.J., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beare D.M., Beasley H., Beasley O., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bray-Allen S., Brook J., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clark G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Collins J.E., Colman L.K., Corby N.R., Coville G.J., Culley K.M., Dhami P., Davies J., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.E., Evans K.A., Faulkner L., Francis M.D., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Ghori M.J., Gilby L.M., Gillson C.J., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Grant M., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Griffiths M.N.D., Hall R., Halls K.S., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Heathcott R., Holmes S.J., Howden P.J., Howe K.L., Howell G.R., Huckle E., Humphray S.J., Humphries M.D., Hunt A.R., Johnson C.M., Joy A.A., Kay M., Keenan S.J., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K., Langford C., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Leversha M., Lloyd C.R., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Maslen G.L., Matthews L., McCann O.T., McLaren S.J., McLay K., McMurray A., Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Niblett D., Nickerson T., Novik K.L., Oliver K., Overton-Larty E.K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Phillimore B.J.C.T., Phillips S., Plumb R.W., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y., Ranby S.A., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Searle S.M., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Skuce C.D., Smith S., Smith M., Spraggon L., Squares S.L., Steward C.A., Sycamore N., Tamlyn-Hall G., Tester J., Theaker A.J., Thomas D.W., Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., White S.S., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker H., Wild A., Willey D.J., Wilmer T.E., Wood J.M., Wray P.W., Wyatt J.C., Young L., Younger R.M., Bentley D.R., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Dunham I., Rogers J., Beck S. Nature 425:805-811(2003) [PubMed: 14574404] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[9]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Prostate.
[10]	"AIF-1 expression modulates proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells by autocrine expression of G-CSF." Chen X., Kelemen S.E., Autieri M.V. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24:1217-1222(2004) [PubMed: 15117732] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[11]	"Expression of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in T lymphocytes: a role in T-lymphocyte activation and proliferative arteriopathies." Kelemen S.E., Autieri M.V. Am. J. Pathol. 167:619-626(2005) [PubMed: 16049345] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH ACTIN, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[12]	"Structural and functional characterization of human Iba proteins." Schulze J.O., Quedenau C., Roske Y., Adam T., Schueler H., Behlke J., Turnbull A.P., Sievert V., Scheich C., Mueller U., Heinemann U., Buessow K. FEBS J. 275:4627-4640(2008) [PubMed: 18699778] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT.
[13]	"Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed: 19608861] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-11, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[14]	"X-ray structures of the microglia/macrophage-specific protein Iba1 from human and mouse demonstrate novel molecular conformation change induced by calcium binding." Yamada M., Ohsawa K., Imai Y., Kohsaka S., Kamitori S. J. Mol. Biol. 364:449-457(2006) [PubMed: 17011575] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.9 ANGSTROMS) OF 17-123 OF APOPROTEIN.
[15]	"NMR structure of the human allograft inflammatory factor 1." Center for eukaryotic structural genomics (CESG) Submitted (FEB-2009) to the PDB data bank Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 2-147.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBLGenBankDDBJ

U19713 mRNA. Translation: AAB05003.1.
U49392 mRNA. Translation: AAA92457.1.
D86438 mRNA. Translation: BAA13088.1.
Y14768 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA75062.1.
AK290771 mRNA. Translation: BAF83460.1.
AF129756 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD18087.1.
BA000025 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB63392.1.
AL662847 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI17694.1.
AL805934 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI18495.1.
AL662801 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI18308.1.
BC009474 mRNA. Translation: AAH09474.1.

IPI

IPI00022630.

PIR

JC5246.

RefSeq

NP_001614.3.

UniGene

Hs.76364

3D structure databases

PDBPDBe

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
2D58	X-ray	1.90	A	17-123	[»]
2G2B	NMR	-	A	2-147	[»]

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

STRING

P55008.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P55008.

Proteomic databases

PRIDE

P55008.

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000376059; ENSP00000365227; ENSG00000204472; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000383474; ENSP00000372966; ENSG00000206428; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000413349; ENSP00000416061; ENSG00000235985; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000414149; ENSP00000391720; ENSG00000237727; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000425748; ENSP00000398013; ENSG00000234836; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000440907; ENSP00000397842; ENSG00000235588; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]

GeneID

199.

KEGG

hsa:199.

UCSC

uc003nuy.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

199.

GeneCards

GC06P031690.

H-InvDB

HIX0005721.
HIX0057945.
HIX0058121.

HGNC

HGNC:352. AIF1.

MIM

601833. gene.

PharmGKB

PA24646.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

HOGENOM

P55008.

HOVERGEN

P55008.

Gene expression databases

CleanEx

HS_AIF1.

Genevestigator

P55008.

GermOnline

ENSG00000204472. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR011992. EF-Hand_type.
IPR018249. EF_HAND_2.
[Graphical view]

Gene3D

G3DSA:1.10.238.10. EF-Hand_type. 1 hit.

PROSITE

PS00018. EF_HAND_1. False negative.
PS50222. EF_HAND_2. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other Resources

NextBio

796.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

AIF1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P55008
Secondary accession number(s): A8K406, Q9UKS9

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	November 24, 2009
This is version 90 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.