P55008 (AIF1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 121.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Allograft inflammatory factor 1 Short name=AIF-1 Alternative name(s): Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 Protein G1 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 147 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. Enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. Binds calcium. Plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. May play a role in macrophage activation and function. Promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes. Enhances lymphocyte migration. Plays a role in vascular inflammation. Ref.17 Ref.18 Ref.19 |
| Subunit structure | Homodimer Potential. Monomer. Interacts with LCP1. Ref.18 Ref.19 |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton. Cell projection › ruffle membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Cytoplasmic side. Note: Associated with the actin cytoskeleton at membrane ruffles and at sites of phagocytosis. |
| Tissue specificity | Detected in T-lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Ref.18 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylated on serine residues. |
| Sequence similarities | Contains 2 EF-hand domains. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P55008-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P55008-2) Also known as: G1; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-54: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: P55008-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-65: MSQTRDLQGG...EFDLNGNGDI → MEFDLNGNGD...PSPHPHPLPP 121-147: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Chain | 2 – 147 | 146 | Allograft inflammatory factor 1 | PRO_0000073865 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Regions | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 45 – 80 | 36 | EF-hand 1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Domain | 81 – 115 | 35 | EF-hand 2; degenerate | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium binding | 58 – 69 | 12 | 1 Potential | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Calcium binding | 94 – 105 | 12 | 2 By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 2 | 1 | N-acetylserine By similarity | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Modified residue | 11 | 1 | N6-acetyllysine Ref.20 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 65 | 65 | MSQTR…GNGDI → MEFDLNGNGDIGEKRVICGG RVVCRPKKTEVSPTCSIPHD LGGGPPTTVGGRRMGMRKWE RRERVSPPSPHPHPLPP in isoform 3. | VSP_043837 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 54 | 54 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_043838 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 121 – 147 | 27 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_043839 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Natural variant | 14 | 1 | G → R. Ref.10 Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs2736182 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_048665 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 33 | 1 | D → H in AAA92457. Ref.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 131 – 147 | 17 | KEKPT…ISELP → RKTNTPPSQESPI in AAA92457. Ref.1 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 10 – 13 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 20 – 32 | 13 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 35 – 37 | 3 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 43 – 54 | 12 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 67 – 76 | 10 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 83 – 93 | 11 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 95 – 101 | 7 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 103 – 110 | 8 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Beta strand | 111 – 114 | 4 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Helix | 117 – 122 | 6 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Characterization of a novel gene in the human major histocompatibility complex that encodes a potential new member of the I kappa B family of proteins." Albertella M.R., Campbell D.R. Hum. Mol. Genet. 3:793-799(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3). |
| [2] | "Cloning and genomic characterization of LST1: a new gene in the human TNF region." Holzinger I., de Baey A., Messer G., Kick G., Zwierzina H., Weiss E.H. Immunogenetics 42:315-322(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3). |
| [3] | "cDNA cloning of human allograft inflammatory factor-1: tissue distribution, cytokine induction, and mRNA expression in injured rat carotid arteries." Autieri M.V. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 228:29-37(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 3). Tissue: Lymphocyte. |
| [4] | "Allograft inflammatory factory-1. A cytokine-responsive macrophage molecule expressed in transplanted human hearts." Utans U., Quist W.C., McManus B.M., Wilson J.E., Arceci R.J., Wallace A.F., Russell M.E. Transplantation 61:1387-1392(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [5] | "Complex expression pattern of the TNF region gene LST1 through differential regulation, initiation, and alternative splicing." de Baey A., Fellerhoff B., Maier S., Martinozzi S., Weidle U., Weiss E.H. Genomics 45:591-600(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3), ALTERNATIVE SPLICING. |
| [6] | "A new member of the Ig superfamily and a V-ATPase G subunit are among the predicted products of novel genes close to the TNF locus in the human MHC." Neville M.J., Campbell R.D. J. Immunol. 162:4745-4754(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1; 2 AND 3). |
| [7] | "Novel calcium binding protein, Iba1 (ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1), which is phosphorylated on serine." Imai Y., Ohsawa K., Kohsaka S. Submitted (OCT-1996) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). |
| [8] | "Upregulation of Allograft inflammatory factor (AIF) is induced by Ab-stimulation in vitro and in human Alzheimer's disease brain." Deininger M.H., Trautmann K. Submitted (AUG-2000) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Tissue: Glial tumor. |
| [9] | Del Galdo F., Artlett C., Jimenez S.A. Submitted (SEP-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 3). |
| [10] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ARG-14. |
| [11] | "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). |
| [12] | "Analysis of the gene-dense major histocompatibility complex class III region and its comparison to mouse." Xie T., Rowen L., Aguado B., Ahearn M.E., Madan A., Qin S., Campbell R.D., Hood L. Genome Res. 13:2621-2636(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ARG-14. |
| [13] | "Homo sapiens 2,229,817bp genomic DNA of 6p21.3 HLA class I region." Shiina S., Tamiya G., Oka A., Inoko H. Submitted (SEP-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [14] | "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6." Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L., Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R., Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews T.D. Beck S.Nature 425:805-811(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [15] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [16] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Prostate. |
| [17] | "AIF-1 expression modulates proliferation of human vascular smooth muscle cells by autocrine expression of G-CSF." Chen X., Kelemen S.E., Autieri M.V. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 24:1217-1222(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [18] | "Expression of allograft inflammatory factor-1 in T lymphocytes: a role in T-lymphocyte activation and proliferative arteriopathies." Kelemen S.E., Autieri M.V. Am. J. Pathol. 167:619-626(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH ACTIN, TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [19] | "Structural and functional characterization of human Iba proteins." Schulze J.O., Quedenau C., Roske Y., Adam T., Schueler H., Behlke J., Turnbull A.P., Sievert V., Scheich C., Mueller U., Heinemann U., Buessow K. FEBS J. 275:4627-4640(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBUNIT. |
| [20] | "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T.C., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-11, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [21] | "X-ray structures of the microglia/macrophage-specific protein Iba1 from human and mouse demonstrate novel molecular conformation change induced by calcium binding." Yamada M., Ohsawa K., Imai Y., Kohsaka S., Kamitori S. J. Mol. Biol. 364:449-457(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.9 ANGSTROMS) OF 17-123 OF APOPROTEIN. |
| [22] | "NMR structure of the human allograft inflammatory factor 1." Center for eukaryotic structural genomics (CESG) Submitted (FEB-2009) to the PDB data bank Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 2-147. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | U49392 mRNA. Translation: AAA92457.1. U95213 mRNA. Translation: AAC24422.1. U19713 mRNA. Translation: AAB05003.1. Y14768 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA75060.1. Y14768 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA75061.1. Y14768 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA75062.1. D86438 mRNA. Translation: BAA13088.1. AF299327 mRNA. Translation: AAG39110.1. EF070982 mRNA. Translation: ABK35646.1. AK290771 mRNA. Translation: BAF83460.1. CR542153 mRNA. Translation: CAG46950.1. AF129756 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD18087.1. BA000025 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB63392.1. AL662847 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI17694.1. AL805934 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI18495.1. AL662801 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI18308.1. AL805934 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAO03652.1. CR753892 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAQ06958.1. CR759761 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAQ10844.1. BX248305 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAM26281.1. CH471081 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX03442.1. CH471081 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX03446.1. BC009474 mRNA. Translation: AAH09474.1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| IPI | IPI00022630. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PIR | JC5246. | ||||||||||||||||||
| RefSeq | NP_001614.3. NM_001623.3. NP_004838.1. NM_004847.3. NP_116573.1. NM_032955.1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| UniGene | Hs.76364. | ||||||||||||||||||
3D structure databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PDBe RCSB PDB PDBj |
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| ProteinModelPortal | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| ModBase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Protein-protein interaction databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000393996. | ||||||||||||||||||
PTM databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PhosphoSite | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
Polymorphism databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| DMDM | 1703217. | ||||||||||||||||||
Proteomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| PaxDb | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PRIDE | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
Protocols and materials databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| DNASU | 199. | ||||||||||||||||||
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Genome annotation databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| Ensembl | ENST00000376049; ENSP00000365217; ENSG00000204472. ENST00000376059; ENSP00000365227; ENSG00000204472. ENST00000383473; ENSP00000372965; ENSG00000206428. ENST00000383474; ENSP00000372966; ENSG00000206428. ENST00000413349; ENSP00000416061; ENSG00000235985. ENST00000414149; ENSP00000391720; ENSG00000237727. ENST00000415830; ENSP00000413709; ENSG00000235985. ENST00000416422; ENSP00000399901; ENSG00000234836. ENST00000419376; ENSP00000401433; ENSG00000237727. ENST00000424944; ENSP00000399621; ENSG00000235588. ENST00000425748; ENSP00000398013; ENSG00000234836. ENST00000440907; ENSP00000397842; ENSG00000235588. ENST00000549432; ENSP00000447578; ENSG00000235588. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeneID | 199. | ||||||||||||||||||
| KEGG | hsa:199. | ||||||||||||||||||
| UCSC | uc003nuy.3. human. uc010jsy.3. human. | ||||||||||||||||||
Organism-specific databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| CTD | 199. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GeneCards | GC06P031582. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HGNC | HGNC:352. AIF1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HPA | HPA049234. | ||||||||||||||||||
| MIM | 601833. gene. | ||||||||||||||||||
| neXtProt | NX_P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PharmGKB | PA24646. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GenAtlas | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Phylogenomic databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| eggNOG | NOG262998. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HOGENOM | HOG000231928. | ||||||||||||||||||
| HOVERGEN | HBG004002. | ||||||||||||||||||
| InParanoid | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| OrthoDB | EOG41C6XK. | ||||||||||||||||||
| PhylomeDB | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
Gene expression databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| ArrayExpress | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Bgee | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| CleanEx | HS_AIF1. | ||||||||||||||||||
| Genevestigator | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GermOnline | ENSG00000204472. Homo sapiens. | ||||||||||||||||||
Family and domain databases | |||||||||||||||||||
| Gene3D | 1.10.238.10. 1 hit. | ||||||||||||||||||
| InterPro | IPR011992. EF-hand-like_dom. IPR002048. EF_hand_dom. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| PROSITE | PS00018. EF_HAND_1. False negative. PS50222. EF_HAND_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] | ||||||||||||||||||
| ProtoNet | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Other | |||||||||||||||||||
| ChiTaRS | AIF1. human. | ||||||||||||||||||
| EvolutionaryTrace | P55008. | ||||||||||||||||||
| GenomeRNAi | 199. | ||||||||||||||||||
| NextBio | 796. | ||||||||||||||||||
| SOURCE | Search... | ||||||||||||||||||
Entry information
| Entry name | AIF1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P55008 Secondary accession number(s): A8K406 Q9UKS9 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 6 Human chromosome 6: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| PDB cross-references Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
