P54873 (HMCS_ARATH) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase
Short name=HMG-CoA synthase
EC=2.3.3.10

Alternative name(s):
3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A synthase
Protein EMBRYO DEFECTIVE 2778
Protein FLAKY POLLEN 1

Gene names

Name:	HMGS
Synonyms:	EMB2778, FKP1, MVA1
Ordered Locus Names:	At4g11820
ORF Names:	T26M18.30

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Streptophytina › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Euphyllophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Camelineae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	461 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	This enzyme condenses acetyl-CoA with acetoacetyl-CoA to form HMG-CoA, which is the substrate for HMG-CoA reductase. Devoided of acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase (AACT) activity. Required for the development of both tapetosomes and elaioplasts in tapetal cells and for pollen viability during pollen tube elongation. Ref.6
Catalytic activity	Acetyl-CoA + H2O + acetoacetyl-CoA = (S)-3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA + CoA. Ref.1
Pathway	Metabolic intermediate biosynthesis; (R)-mevalonate biosynthesis; (R)-mevalonate from acetyl-CoA: step 2/3.
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in flower buds, pollen grains and anthers in the tapetal cells, at an intermediate levels in roots and weakly in leaves. Ref.6
Disruption phenotype	Defect in pollen adhesion to the stigma resulting in male sterility under normal growth conditions. Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the HMG-CoA synthase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Lipid biosynthesis Lipid metabolism Steroid biosynthesis Steroid metabolism Sterol biosynthesis Sterol metabolism
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing
Molecular function	Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthetic process, mevalonate pathway Traceable author statement PubMed 12777052. Source: TAIR sterol biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	cytosol Inferred from direct assay PubMed 21166475. Source: TAIR plasmodesma Inferred from direct assay PubMed 21533090. Source: TAIR
Molecular_function	hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase activity Inferred from genetic interaction Ref.1. Source: TAIR
Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform 1 (identifier: P54873-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform 2 (identifier: P54873-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-55: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 461	461	Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA synthase		PRO_0000213756
Sites
	Active site	117	1	Potential
Natural variations
	Alternative sequence	1 – 55	55	Missing in isoform 2.		VSP_008902
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	306	1	A → S in CAA58763. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	342	1	K → N in CAA58763. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Isoform 1 [UniParc]. Last modified June 6, 2002. Version 2. Checksum: F44908369AFBC5A8	FASTA	461	51,094
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAKNVGILAM DIYFPPTCVQ QEALEAHDGA SKGKYTIGLG QDCLAFCTEL EDVISMSFNA 70 80 90 100 110 120 VTSLFEKYKI DPNQIGRLEV GSETVIDKSK SIKTFLMQLF EKCGNTDVEG VDSTNACYGG 130 140 150 160 170 180 TAALLNCVNW VESNSWDGRY GLVICTDSAV YAEGPARPTG GAAAIAMLIG PDAPIVFESK 190 200 210 220 230 240 LRASHMAHVY DFYKPNLASE YPVVDGKLSQ TCYLMALDSC YKHLCNKFEK IEGKEFSIND 250 260 270 280 290 300 ADYIVFHSPY NKLVQKSFAR LLYNDFLRNA SSIDEAAKEK FTPYSSLTLD ESYQSRDLEK 310 320 330 340 350 360 VSQQIAKPFY DAKVQPTTLI PKEVGNMYTA SLYAAFASLI HKKHNDLAGK RVVMFSYGSG 370 380 390 400 410 420 STATMFSLRL NDNKPPFSIS NIASVMDVGG KLKARHEYAP EKFVETMKLM EHRYGAKDFV 430 440 450 460 TTKEGIIDLL APGTYYLKEV DSLYRRFYGK KGEDGSVANG H
	Isoform 2 [UniParc]. Checksum: 41CED5FD425BC13A	FASTA	406	45,205
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSFNAVTSLF EKYKIDPNQI GRLEVGSETV IDKSKSIKTF LMQLFEKCGN TDVEGVDSTN 70 80 90 100 110 120 ACYGGTAALL NCVNWVESNS WDGRYGLVIC TDSAVYAEGP ARPTGGAAAI AMLIGPDAPI 130 140 150 160 170 180 VFESKLRASH MAHVYDFYKP NLASEYPVVD GKLSQTCYLM ALDSCYKHLC NKFEKIEGKE 190 200 210 220 230 240 FSINDADYIV FHSPYNKLVQ KSFARLLYND FLRNASSIDE AAKEKFTPYS SLTLDESYQS 250 260 270 280 290 300 RDLEKVSQQI AKPFYDAKVQ PTTLIPKEVG NMYTASLYAA FASLIHKKHN DLAGKRVVMF 310 320 330 340 350 360 SYGSGSTATM FSLRLNDNKP PFSISNIASV MDVGGKLKAR HEYAPEKFVE TMKLMEHRYG 370 380 390 400 AKDFVTTKEG IIDLLAPGTY YLKEVDSLYR RFYGKKGEDG SVANGH

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Isolation and characterization of a cDNA encoding Arabidopsis thaliana 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase." Montamat F., Guilloton M., Karst F., Delrot S. Gene 167:197-201(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), CATALYTIC ACTIVITY. Strain: cv. Landsberg erecta.
[2]	"Post-transcriptional regulation of HMG-CoA synthase expression in Arabidopsis thaliana." Connolly E.L., Learned R.M. Submitted (NOV-1996) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
[3]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B. , Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M., Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E., Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K., Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W., Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R. Nature 402:769-777(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	The Arabidopsis Information Resource (TAIR) Submitted (APR-2011) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2). Strain: cv. Columbia.
[6]	"The Arabidopsis FLAKY POLLEN1 gene encodes a 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A synthase required for development of tapetum-specific organelles and fertility of pollen grains." Ishiguro S., Nishimori Y., Yamada M., Saito H., Suzuki T., Nakagawa T., Miyake H., Okada K., Nakamura K. Plant Cell Physiol. 51:896-911(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	X83882 mRNA. Translation: CAA58763.1. U79160 mRNA. Translation: AAD00297.1. U79161 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD00298.1. AL078606 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB44320.1. AL161532 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB78225.1. CP002687 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE83052.1. CP002687 Genomic DNA. Translation: AEE83053.1. AY140008 mRNA. Translation: AAM98150.1. BT008492 mRNA. Translation: AAP37851.1.
IPI	IPI00530283. IPI00533922.
PIR	T09341.
RefSeq	NP_192919.1. NM_117251.2. NP_849361.1. NM_179030.1.
UniGene	At.5362.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P54873.
SMR	P54873. Positions 2-451.
ModBase	Search...
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P54873.
PRIDE	P54873.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblPlants	AT4G11820.2; AT4G11820.2; AT4G11820.
GeneID	826788.
KEGG	ath:AT4G11820.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At4g11820.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG3425.
HOGENOM	HOG000012351.
InParanoid	P54873.
KO	K01641.
OMA	RDFTLND.
PhylomeDB	P54873.
ProtClustDB	PLN02577.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	ARA:AT4G11820-MONOMER. MetaCyc:AT4G11820-MONOMER.
BRENDA	2.3.3.10. 399.
UniPathway	UPA00058; UER00102.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	P54873.
GermOnline	AT4G11820. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
Gene3D	3.40.47.10. 2 hits.
InterPro	IPR000590. HMG_CoA_synt_AS. IPR013746. HMG_CoA_synt_C. IPR013528. HMG_CoA_synth_N. IPR010122. HMG_CoA_synthase_euk. IPR016039. Thiolase-like. IPR016038. Thiolase-like_subgr. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF08540. HMG_CoA_synt_C. 1 hit. PF01154. HMG_CoA_synt_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF53901. Thiolase-like. 2 hits.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01833. HMG-CoA-S_euk. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS01226. HMG_COA_SYNTHASE. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HMCS_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P54873
Secondary accession number(s): Q8L721, Q9S707

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	June 6, 2002
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 112 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Plant Protein Annotation Program