Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P53799 (FDFT_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Squalene synthetase
      Short name=SQS
      Short name=SS
    EC=2.5.1.21
Alternative name(s):
    Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase
    FPP:FPP farnesyltransferase

Gene names

Name:	SQS1
Ordered Locus Names:	At4g34640
ORF Names:	T4L20.220

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	410 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Catalytic activity	2 farnesyl diphosphate = diphosphate + presqualene diphosphate. Presqualene diphosphate + NAD(P)H = squalene + diphosphate + NAD(P)+.
Cofactor	Magnesium.
Pathway	Terpene metabolism; lanosterol biosynthesis; lanosterol from farnesyl diphosphate: step 1/3.
Subcellular location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in all tissues analyzed (inflorescenses, leaves, stems and roots). Highly expressed in roots. Ref.2
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the phytoene/squalene synthetase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Isoprene biosynthesis
Cellular component	Endoplasmic reticulum Membrane
Domain	Transmembrane
Ligand	Magnesium NADP
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Multifunctional enzyme
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	isoprenoid biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sterol biosynthetic process Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	endoplasmic reticulum membrane Ref.2 Traceable author statement. Source: TAIR integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell plasma membrane Inferred from direct assay. Source: TAIR
Molecular function	farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC magnesium ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW oxidoreductase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 410	410	Squalene synthetase		PRO_0000067455
Regions
	Transmembrane	283 – 303	21	Potential
	Transmembrane	387 – 407	21	Potential

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P53799-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 6178DD9381A441ED	FASTA	410	47,142
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGSLGTMLRY PDDIYPLLKM KRAIEKAEKQ IPPEPHWGFC YSMLHKVSRS FSLVIQQLNT 70 80 90 100 110 120 ELRNAVCVFY LVLRALDTVE DDTSIPTDEK VPILIAFHRH IYDTDWHYSC GTKEYKILMD 130 140 150 160 170 180 QFHHVSAAFL ELEKGYQEAI EEITRRMGAG MAKFICQEVE TVDDYDEYCH YVAGLVGLGL 190 200 210 220 230 240 SKLFLAAGSE VLTPDWEAIS NSMGLFLQKT NIIRDYLEDI NEIPKSRMFW PREIWGKYAD 250 260 270 280 290 300 KLEDLKYEEN TNKSVQCLNE MVTNALMHIE DCLKYMVSLR DPSIFRFCAI PQIMAIGTLA 310 320 330 340 350 360 LCYNNEQVFR GVVKLRRGLT AKVIDRTKTM ADVYGAFYDF SCMLKTKVDK NDPNASKTLN 370 380 390 400 410 RLEAVQKLCR DAGVLQNRKS YVNDKGQPNS VFIIMVVILL AIVFAYLRAN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning, expression, and characterization of cDNAs encoding Arabidopsis thaliana squalene synthase." Nakashima T., Inoue T., Oka A., Nishino T., Osumi T., Hata S. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:2328-2332(1995) [PubMed: 7892265] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Cloning and characterization of the Arabidopsis thaliana SQS1 gene encoding squalene synthase -- involvement of the C-terminal region of the enzyme in the channeling of squalene through the sterol pathway." Kribii R., Arro M., Del Arco A., Gonzalez V., Balcells L., Delourme D., Ferrer A., Karst F., Boronat A. Eur. J. Biochem. 249:61-69(1997) [PubMed: 9363754] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: cv. Landsberg erecta.
[3]	Kribii R., Arro M., del Arco A., Gonzalez V., Balcells L.L., Delourme D., Ferrer A., Karst F., Boronat A. Submitted (JUL-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"Isolation and characterization of squalene synthase from Arabidopsis thaliana." Connolly E.L., Learned R.M. Submitted (NOV-1996) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[5]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B., Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M., de Simone V., Obermaier B. , Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M., Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D., Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J., Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B., Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J., Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R., Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M., Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C., Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J., Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S., Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A., Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M., Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M., Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D., Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E., Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S., Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R., Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M., Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E., Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P., Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K., Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K., de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K., Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M., Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G., Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K., Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K., Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W., Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H., Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B., Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J., Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K., O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N., Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A., Martienssen R., McCombie W.R. Nature 402:769-777(1999) [PubMed: 10617198] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[6]	"Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis genome." Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M., Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G., Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G. , Miranda M., Quach H.L., Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C., Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J., Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A., Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C., Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X., Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M., Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K., Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A., Ecker J.R. Science 302:842-846(2003) [PubMed: 14593172] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	D29017 mRNA. Translation: BAA06103.1. X86692 mRNA. Translation: CAA60385.1. AF004560 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB62242.1. U79159 mRNA. Translation: AAD00296.1. AL023094 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA18843.1. AL161585 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB80181.1. AY099868 mRNA. Translation: AAM20719.1. BT003419 mRNA. Translation: AAO30082.1.
IPI	IPI00526988.
PIR	S54251.
RefSeq	NP_195190.1.
UniGene	At.20898 At.67805
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1EZF based on UniProtKB P37268.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	P53799.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P53799.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	829616.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT4G34640 in contig CT486007_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT4G34640.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.21537.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At4g34640.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	GMAEFLE.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	MetaCyc:AT4G34640-MON.
BRENDA	2.5.1.21. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P53799.
Genevestigator	P53799.
GermOnline	AT4G34640. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002060. Squ/phyt_synthse. IPR006449. Squal_synth. IPR019845. Squalene/phytoene_synthase_CS. IPR008949. Terpenoid_synth. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.600.10. Terpenoid_synth. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00494. SQS_PSY. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01559. squal_synth. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS01044. SQUALEN_PHYTOEN_SYN_1. 1 hit. PS01045. SQUALEN_PHYTOEN_SYN_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

FDFT_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P53799

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 81 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)