Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P53667 (LIMK1_HUMAN)
Last modified
February 9, 2010.
Version 109.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (6) |
Third-party data |
Customize display | text xml rdf/xml gff fasta |
Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: LIM domain kinase 1 Short name=LIMK-1 EC=2.7.11.1 | ||||
| Gene names |
| ||||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 647 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Protein kinase which regulates actin filament dynamics. Phosphorylates and inactivates the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin, thereby stabilizing the actin cytoskeleton. Isoform 3 has a dominant negative effect on actin cytoskeletal changes. May be involved in brain development. Ref.4 Ref.6 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.11 Ref.12 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Subunit structure | Self-associates. The LIM domain interacts with the cytoplasmic domain of NRG1. Binds ROCK1. Interacts with SSH1. Interacts with NISCH By similarity. Interacts with TPPP. Ref.6 Ref.11 Ref.7 Ref.13 |
| Subcellular location | |
| Tissue specificity | Highest expression in both adult and fetal nervous system. Detected ubiquitously throughout the different regions of adult brain, with highest levels in the cerebral cortex. Expressed to a lesser extent in heart and skeletal muscle. |
| Post-translational modification | Autophosphorylated By similarity. Phosphorylated on serine and/or threonine residues by ROCK1. May be dephosphorylated and inactivated by SSH1. |
| Involvement in disease | Haploinsufficiency of LIMK1 may be the cause of certain cardiovascular and musculo-skeletal abnormalities observed in Williams-Beuren syndrome (WBS), a rare developmental disorder. It is a contiguous gene deletion syndrome involving genes from chromosome band 7q11.23. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. TKL Ser/Thr protein kinase family. Contains 2 LIM zinc-binding domains. Contains 1 PDZ (DHR) domain. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| LATS1 | O95835 | 3 | EBI-444403,EBI-444209 | |
| PAK2 | Q13177 | 2 | EBI-444403,EBI-1045887 | |
| YWHAZ | P63104 | 1 | EBI-444403,EBI-347088 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P53667-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P53667-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-14: Missing. | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: P53667-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 294-305: LRSCSIDRSPGA → FARTWVALSPSA 306-647: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 647 | 647 | LIM domain kinase 1 | PRO_0000075803 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 25 – 75 | 51 | LIM zinc-binding 1 | ||||||
| Domain | 84 – 137 | 54 | LIM zinc-binding 2 | ||||||
| Domain | 165 – 258 | 94 | PDZ | ||||||
| Domain | 339 – 604 | 266 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 345 – 353 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 460 | 1 | By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 368 | 1 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 210 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.15 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 229 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.15 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 261 | 1 | Phosphothreonine | ||||||
| Modified residue | 270 | 1 | Phosphothreonine | ||||||
| Modified residue | 296 | 1 | Phosphoserine | ||||||
| Modified residue | 298 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.17 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 302 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.16 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 307 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.16 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 310 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.14 Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 313 | 1 | Phosphoserine | ||||||
| Modified residue | 337 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.15 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 508 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by ROCK1 Ref.11 Ref.7 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 14 | 14 | Missing in isoform 2. | VSP_003125 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 294 – 305 | 12 | LRSCS…RSPGA → FARTWVALSPSA in isoform 3. | VSP_003126 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 306 – 647 | 342 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_003127 | |||||
| Natural variant | 190 | 1 | G → A: dbSNP rs35827364. Ref.19 | VAR_042246 | |||||
| Natural variant | 247 | 1 | S → N: dbSNP rs55661242. Ref.19 | VAR_042247 | |||||
| Natural variant | 422 | 1 | R → Q: dbSNP rs55679316. Ref.19 | VAR_042248 | |||||
| Natural variant | 580 | 1 | F → Y: dbSNP rs178412. Ref.2 Ref.3 | VAR_050148 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 84 | 1 | C → S: Enhances actin aggregation. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 177 – 178 | 2 | GL → EA: Enhances actin aggregation. | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 460 | 1 | D → N: Abrogates kinase activity. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 496 – 506 | 11 | Missing: Reduces actin aggregation. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 503 – 505 | 3 | RKK → GAA: Abolishes kinase activity. Ref.4 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 508 | 1 | T → A: Abolishes activation by ROCK1. Ref.4 Ref.7 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 508 | 1 | T → EE: Enhances kinase activity. Ref.4 Ref.7 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 508 | 1 | T → V or E: Reduces kinase activity. Ref.4 Ref.7 | ||||||
Sequences
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Identification of a human cDNA encoding a novel protein kinase with two repeats of the LIM/double zinc finger motif." Mizuno K., Okano I., Ohashi K., Nunoue K., Kuma K., Miyata T., Nakamura T. Oncogene 9:1605-1612(1994) [PubMed: 8183554] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). |
| [2] | "LIM-kinase1 hemizygosity implicated in impaired visuospatial constructive cognition." Frangiskakis J.M., Ewart A.K., Morris C.A., Mervis C.B., Bertrand J., Robinson B.F., Klein B.P., Ensing G.J., Everett L.A., Green E.D., Proeschel C., Gutowski N.J., Noble M., Atkinson D.L., Odelberg S.J., Keating M.T. Cell 86:59-69(1996) [PubMed: 8689688] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), VARIANT TYR-580. Tissue: Hippocampus and Placenta. |
| [3] | "Identification of genes from a 500-kb region at 7q11.23 that is commonly deleted in Williams syndrome patients." Osborne L.R., Martindale D.W., Scherer S.W., Shi X.-M., Huizenga J., Heng H.H.Q., Costa T., Pober B., Lew L., Brinkman J., Rommens J., Koop B.F., Tsui L.-C. Genomics 36:328-336(1996) [PubMed: 8812460] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT TYR-580. |
| [4] | "Structural features of LIM kinase that control effects on the actin cytoskeleton." Edwards D.C., Gill G.N. J. Biol. Chem. 274:11352-11361(1999) [PubMed: 10196227] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), FUNCTION, SELF-ASSOCIATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-84; 177-GLY-LEU-178; ASP-460; 496-ARG--ARG-506; 503-ARG--GLY-505 AND THR-508. Tissue: Epidermal carcinoma. |
| [5] | "The DNA sequence of human chromosome 7." Hillier L.W., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Graves T.A., Pepin K.H., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Maas J., Jaeger S., Walker R., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., O'Laughlin M.D., Schaller M.E., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L. Wilson R.K.Nature 424:157-164(2003) [PubMed: 12853948] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "Signaling from Rho to the actin cytoskeleton through protein kinases ROCK and LIM-kinase." Maekawa M., Ishizaki T., Boku S., Watanabe N., Fujita A., Iwamatsu A., Obinata T., Ohashi K., Mizuno K., Narumiya S. Science 285:895-898(1999) [PubMed: 10436159] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH ROCK1. |
| [7] | "Rho-associated kinase ROCK activates LIM-kinase 1 by phosphorylation at threonine 508 within the activation loop." Ohashi K., Nagata K., Maekawa M., Ishizaki T., Narumiya S., Mizuno K. J. Biol. Chem. 275:3577-3582(2000) [PubMed: 10652353] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-508, MUTAGENESIS OF THR-508, INTERACTION WITH ROCK1. |
| [8] | "Control of actin reorganization by Slingshot, a family of phosphatases that dephosphorylate ADF/cofilin." Niwa R., Nagata-Ohashi K., Takeichi M., Mizuno K., Uemura T. Cell 108:233-246(2002) [PubMed: 11832213] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [9] | "Cell cycle-associated changes in Slingshot phosphatase activity and roles in cytokinesis in animal cells." Kaji N., Ohashi K., Shuin M., Niwa R., Uemura T., Mizuno K. J. Biol. Chem. 278:33450-33455(2003) [PubMed: 12807904] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [10] | "An unappreciated role for RNA surveillance." Hillman R.T., Green R.E., Brenner S.E. Genome Biol. 5:R8.1-R8.16(2004) [PubMed: 14759258] [Abstract] Cited for: SPLICE ISOFORM(S) THAT ARE POTENTIAL NMD TARGET(S). |
| [11] | "Interplay between components of a novel LIM kinase-slingshot phosphatase complex regulates cofilin." Soosairajah J., Maiti S., Wiggan O., Sarmiere P., Moussi N., Sarcevic B., Sampath R., Bamburg J.R., Bernard O. EMBO J. 24:473-486(2005) [PubMed: 15660133] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH SSH1, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-508, DEPHOSPHORYLATION. |
| [12] | "Spatial and temporal regulation of cofilin activity by LIM kinase and Slingshot is critical for directional cell migration." Nishita M., Tomizawa C., Yamamoto M., Horita Y., Ohashi K., Mizuno K. J. Cell Biol. 171:349-359(2005) [PubMed: 16230460] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [13] | "The phosphorylation of p25/TPPP by LIM kinase 1 inhibits its ability to assemble microtubules." Acevedo K., Li R., Soo P., Suryadinata R., Sarcevic B., Valova V.A., Graham M.E., Robinson P.J., Bernard O. Exp. Cell Res. 313:4091-4106(2007) [PubMed: 18028908] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH TPPP. |
| [14] | "Proteomics analysis of protein kinases by target class-selective prefractionation and tandem mass spectrometry." Wissing J., Jaensch L., Nimtz M., Dieterich G., Hornberger R., Keri G., Wehland J., Daub H. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6:537-547(2007) [PubMed: 17192257] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-298 AND SER-310, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [15] | "Kinase-selective enrichment enables quantitative phosphoproteomics of the kinome across the cell cycle." Daub H., Olsen J.V., Bairlein M., Gnad F., Oppermann F.S., Korner R., Greff Z., Keri G., Stemmann O., Mann M. Mol. Cell 31:438-448(2008) [PubMed: 18691976] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-210; THR-229; SER-298; SER-310 AND SER-337, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [16] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-302; SER-307 AND SER-310, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [17] | "Lys-N and trypsin cover complementary parts of the phosphoproteome in a refined SCX-based approach." Gauci S., Helbig A.O., Slijper M., Krijgsveld J., Heck A.J., Mohammed S. Anal. Chem. 81:4493-4501(2009) [PubMed: 19413330] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-298 AND SER-310, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [18] | "Large-scale proteomics analysis of the human kinome." Oppermann F.S., Gnad F., Olsen J.V., Hornberger R., Greff Z., Keri G., Mann M., Daub H. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 8:1751-1764(2009) [PubMed: 19369195] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-210; THR-229; THR-261; THR-270; SER-296; SER-298; SER-302; SER-307; SER-310 AND SER-313, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [19] | "Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes." Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. Stratton M.R.Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed: 17344846] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] ALA-190; ASN-247 AND GLN-422. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | D26309 mRNA. Translation: BAA05371.1. U62293 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB17545.1. U62293 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB17546.1. U63721 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC13885.1. U63721 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC13886.1. AF134379 mRNA. Translation: AAD25742.1. AC005056 Genomic DNA. No translation available. AC005057 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAS07438.1. |
| IPI | IPI00216433. IPI00216434. IPI00291702. |
| PIR | JP0078. |
| RefSeq | NP_002305.1. |
| UniGene | Hs.647035 |
3D structure databases | |
| SMR | P53667. Positions 20-140, 154-277, 335-607, 339-640. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | P53667. 5 interactions. |
| STRING | P53667. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P53667. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | P53667. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000336180; ENSP00000336740; ENSG00000106683; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] |
| GeneID | 3984. |
| KEGG | hsa:3984. |
| UCSC | uc003uaa.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 3984. |
| GeneCards | GC07P073136. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0006762. |
| HGNC | HGNC:6613. LIMK1. |
| MIM | 194050. phenotype. 601329. gene. |
| Orphanet | 904. Williams syndrome. |
| PharmGKB | PA30386. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG16629. |
| HOVERGEN | P53667. |
| InParanoid | P53667. |
| PhylomeDB | P53667. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| BRENDA | 2.7.11.1. 247. |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | caspase_pathway. Caspase cascade in apoptosis. |
| Reactome | REACT_18266. Axon guidance. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P53667. |
| Bgee | P53667. |
| CleanEx | HS_LIMK1. |
| Genevestigator | P53667. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000106683. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR001478. PDZ/DHR/GLGF. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR001781. Znf_LIM. [Graphical view] |
| Gene3D | G3DSA:2.10.110.10. Znf_LIM. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF00412. LIM. 2 hits. PF00595. PDZ. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00132. LIM. 2 hits. SM00228. PDZ. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS00478. LIM_DOMAIN_1. 2 hits. PS50023. LIM_DOMAIN_2. 2 hits. PS50106. PDZ. 1 hit. PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. False negative. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| NextBio | 15626. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | LIMK1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P53667 Secondary accession number(s): O15283 Q9Y5Q1 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 7 Human chromosome 7: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


