P53420 (CO4A4_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 138.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Web links·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Collagen alpha-4(IV) chain | ||
| Gene names |
| ||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 1690 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Type IV collagen is the major structural component of glomerular basement membranes (GBM), forming a 'chicken-wire' meshwork together with laminins, proteoglycans and entactin/nidogen. |
| Subunit structure | There are six type IV collagen isoforms, alpha 1(IV)-alpha 6(IV), each of which can form a triple helix structure with 2 other chains to generate type IV collagen network. The alpha 3(IV) chain forms a triple helical protomer with alpha 4(IV) and alpha 5(IV); this triple helical structure dimerizes through NC1-NC1 domain interactions such that the alpha 3(IV), alpha 4(IV) and alpha 5(IV) chains of one protomer connect with the alpha 5(IV), alpha 4(IV) and alpha 3(IV) chains of the opposite protomer, respectively. Associates with LAMB2 at the neuromuscular junction and in GBM By similarity. Ref.8 |
| Subcellular location | Secreted › extracellular space › extracellular matrix › basement membrane By similarity. Note: Colocalizes with COL4A4 and COL4A5 in GBM, tubular basement membrane (TBM) and synaptic basal lamina (BL) By similarity. |
| Tissue specificity | Alpha 3 and alpha 4 type IV collagens are colocalized and present in kidney, eye, basement membranes of lens capsule, cochlea, lung, skeletal muscle, aorta, synaptic fibers, fetal kidney and fetal lung. Ref.7 reports similar levels of expression of alpha 3 and alpha 4 type IV collagens in kidney, but Ref.1 reports that in kidney levels of alpha 3 type IV collagen are significantly lower than those of alpha 4 type IV collagen. Highest levels of expression of alpha 4 type IV collagen are detected in kidney, calvaria, neuroretina and cardiac muscle. Lower levels of expression are observed in brain, lung and thymus, and no expression is detected in choroid plexus, liver, adrenal, pancreas, ileum or skin. Ref.1 Ref.7 |
| Domain | Alpha chains of type IV collagen have a non-collagenous domain (NC1) at their C-terminus, frequent interruptions of the G-X-Y repeats in the long central triple-helical domain (which may cause flexibility in the triple helix), and a short N-terminal triple-helical 7S domain. |
| Post-translational modification | Prolines at the third position of the tripeptide repeating unit (G-X-Y) are hydroxylated in some or all of the chains. Type IV collagens contain numerous cysteine residues which are involved in inter- and intramolecular disulfide bonding. 12 of these, located in the NC1 domain, are conserved in all known type IV collagens. The trimeric structure of the NC1 domains is stabilized by covalent bonds between Lys and Met residues By similarity. |
| Involvement in disease | Alport syndrome, autosomal recessive (APSAR) [MIM:203780]: A syndrome characterized by progressive glomerulonephritis, glomerular basement membrane defects, renal failure, sensorineural deafness and specific eye abnormalities (lenticonous and macular flecks). The disorder shows considerable heterogeneity in that families differ in the age of end-stage renal disease and the occurrence of deafness. Hematuria, benign familial (BFH) [MIM:141200]: An autosomal dominant condition characterized by non-progressive isolated microscopic hematuria that does not result in renal failure. It is characterized pathologically by thinning of the glomerular basement membrane. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the type IV collagen family. Contains 1 collagen IV NC1 (C-terminal non-collagenous) domain. |
Ontologies
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Cellular component | Basement membrane Extracellular matrix Secreted |
| Coding sequence diversity | Polymorphism |
| Disease | Alport syndrome Deafness Disease mutation |
| Domain | Collagen Repeat Signal |
| PTM | Disulfide bond Glycoprotein Hydroxylation |
| Technical term | Complete proteome Reference proteome |
| Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological_process | axon guidance Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome glomerular basement membrane developmentInferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17942953PubMed 19675380. Source: UniProtKB |
| Cellular_component | basal lamina Inferred from direct assay PubMed 2211832. Source: UniProtKB collagen type IVInferred from direct assay Ref.1. Source: UniProtKB endoplasmic reticulum lumenTraceable author statement. Source: Reactome |
| Molecular_function | extracellular matrix structural constituent Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 17942953PubMed 19675380. Source: UniProtKB |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 38 | 38 | Potential | ||||||||
| Chain | 39 – 1690 | 1652 | Collagen alpha-4(IV) chain | PRO_0000005850 | |||||||
Regions | |||||||||||
| Domain | 1465 – 1690 | 226 | Collagen IV NC1 | ||||||||
| Region | 39 – 64 | 26 | 7S domain | ||||||||
| Region | 65 – 1459 | 1395 | Triple-helical region | ||||||||
| Motif | 94 – 96 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 145 – 147 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 189 – 191 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 310 – 312 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 724 – 726 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 785 – 787 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 989 – 991 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
| Motif | 1212 – 1214 | 3 | Cell attachment site Potential | ||||||||
Sites | |||||||||||
| Site | 1206 – 1207 | 2 | Cleavage; by collagenase By similarity | ||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||
| Glycosylation | 142 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 669 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 1480 ↔ 1569 | Or C-1480 with C-1566 By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 1513 ↔ 1566 | Or C-1513 with C-1569 By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 1525 ↔ 1531 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 1588 ↔ 1686 | Or C-1588 with C-1683 By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 1622 ↔ 1683 | Or C-1622 with C-1686 By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 1634 ↔ 1641 | By similarity | |||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||
| Natural variant | 6 | 1 | I → T. Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs16823264 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_031622 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 116 | 1 | G → E in BFH. Ref.13 | VAR_031623 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 441 – 446 | 6 | Missing in APSAR. | VAR_008148 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 482 | 1 | P → S. Ref.12 Ref.13 Corresponds to variant rs2229814 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_022069 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 545 | 1 | G → A. Ref.2 Ref.12 Corresponds to variant rs1800516 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_008149 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 570 | 1 | E → Q. Ref.2 | VAR_008150 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 594 | 1 | E → G. Corresponds to variant rs35998949 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_055680 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 670 | 1 | V → I. Corresponds to variant rs34236495 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_055681 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 759 | 1 | P → L. Corresponds to variant rs36121515 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_055682 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 897 | 1 | G → E in BFH. Ref.11 | VAR_001912 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 931 | 1 | A → T. Ref.2 | VAR_008151 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 960 | 1 | G → R in BFH. Ref.12 Ref.13 | VAR_031624 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 999 | 1 | G → E in BFH. Ref.13 Corresponds to variant rs13027659 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_031625 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1004 | 1 | P → L. Ref.1 Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs1800517 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_008152 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1030 | 1 | G → V in APSAR. Ref.2 | VAR_008153 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1132 | 1 | P → L in BFH. Ref.13 | VAR_031626 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1201 | 1 | G → S in APSAR. Ref.10 | VAR_001913 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1327 | 1 | V → M. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs2229813 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_031627 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1402 | 1 | P → S. Ref.2 | VAR_008154 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1403 | 1 | S → P. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.5 Corresponds to variant rs3752895 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_031628 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 1572 | 1 | P → L in APSAR. Ref.2 | VAR_008155 | |||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1361 – 1363 | 3 | GPR → AIS in AAY24061. Ref.3 | ||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 1659 – 1660 | 2 | LQ → FE in BAA04214. Ref.5 | ||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Complete primary structure of the human type IV collagen alpha 4(IV) chain. Comparison with structure and expression of the other alpha (IV) chains." Leinonen A., Mariyama M., Mochizuki T., Tryggvason K., Reeders S.T. J. Biol. Chem. 269:26172-26177(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY, VARIANTS LEU-1004; MET-1327 AND PRO-1403. Tissue: Kidney. |
| [2] | "Determination of the genomic structure of the COL4A4 gene and of novel mutations causing autosomal recessive Alport syndrome." Boye E., Mollet G., Forestier L., Cohen-Solal L., Heidet L., Cochat P., Gruenfeld J.-P., Palcoux J.-B., Gubler M.-C., Antignac C. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 63:1329-1340(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANTS APSAR VAL-1030 AND LEU-1572, VARIANTS ALA-545; GLN-570; THR-931; LEU-1004; MET-1327; SER-1402 AND PRO-1403. |
| [3] | "Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. Wilson R.K.Nature 434:724-731(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "Two genes, COL4A3 and COL4A4 coding for the human alpha3(IV) and alpha4(IV) collagen chains are arranged head-to-head on chromosome 2q36." Momota R., Sugimoto M., Oohashi T., Kigasawa K., Yoshioka H., Ninomiya Y. FEBS Lett. 424:11-16(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-23. |
| [5] | "cDNA isolation and partial gene structure of the human alpha 4(IV) collagen chain." Sugimoto M., Oohashi T., Yoshioka H., Matsuo N., Ninomiya Y. FEBS Lett. 330:122-128(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1219-1690, VARIANTS MET-1327 AND PRO-1403. Tissue: Eye. |
| [6] | "Isolation and sequencing of cDNAs and genomic DNAs encoding the alpha 4 chain of basement membrane collagen type IV and assignment of the gene to the distal long arm of human chromosome 2." Kamagata Y., Mattei M.-G., Ninomiya Y. J. Biol. Chem. 267:23753-23758(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1407-1507. |
| [7] | "Complete primary structure of the human alpha 3(IV) collagen chain. Coexpression of the alpha 3(IV) and alpha 4(IV) collagen chains in human tissues." Mariyama M., Leinonen A., Mochizuki T., Tryggvason K., Reeders S.T. J. Biol. Chem. 269:23013-23017(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [8] | "Quaternary organization of the goodpasture autoantigen, the alpha 3(IV) collagen chain. Sequestration of two cryptic autoepitopes by intrapromoter interactions with the alpha4 and alpha5 NC1 domains." Borza D.B., Bondar O., Todd P., Sundaramoorthy M., Sado Y., Ninomiya Y., Hudson B.G. J. Biol. Chem. 277:40075-40083(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: HEXAMERIZATION. |
| [9] | "The clinical spectrum of type IV collagen mutations." Lemmink H.H., Schroeder C.H., Monnens L.A.H., Smeets H.J.M. Hum. Mutat. 9:477-499(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW ON VARIANTS. |
| [10] | "Identification of mutations in the alpha 3(IV) and alpha 4(IV) collagen genes in autosomal recessive Alport syndrome." Mochizuki T., Lemmink H.H., Mariyama M., Antignac C., Gubler M.-C., Pirson Y., Verellen-Dumoulin C., Chan B., Schroeder C.H., Smeets H.J.M., Reeders S.T. Nat. Genet. 8:77-82(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT APSAR SER-1201. |
| [11] | "Benign familial hematuria due to mutation of the type IV collagen alpha4 gene." Lemmink H.H., Nillesen W.N., Mochizuki T., Schroeder C.H., Brunner H.G., van Oost B.A., Monnens L.A.H., Smeets H.J.M. J. Clin. Invest. 98:1114-1118(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT BFH GLU-897. |
| [12] | "Mutations in the COL4A4 and COL4A3 genes cause familial benign hematuria." Badenas C., Praga M., Tazon B., Heidet L., Arrondel C., Armengol A., Andres A., Morales E., Camacho J.A., Lens X., Davila S., Mila M., Antignac C., Darnell A., Torra R. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 13:1248-1254(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT BFH ARG-960, VARIANTS THR-6; SER-482 AND ALA-545. |
| [13] | "Mutations in the COL4A4 gene in thin basement membrane disease." Buzza M., Dagher H., Wang Y.Y., Wilson D., Babon J.J., Cotton R.G., Savige J. Kidney Int. 63:447-453(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS BFH GLU-116; ARG-960; GLU-999 AND LEU-1132, VARIANT SER-482. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Web resources
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | X81053 mRNA. Translation: CAA56943.1. Y17397 Y17425 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA76763.1.AC073149 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY24061.1. AC079235 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY14670.1. AB008496 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA25065.1. D17391 mRNA. Translation: BAA04214.1. |
| IPI | IPI00478572. |
| PIR | CGHU1B. A55360. |
| RefSeq | NP_000083.3. NM_000092.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.591645. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P53420. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | P53420. 1 interaction. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000379866. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P53420. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 259016360. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | P53420. |
| PRIDE | P53420. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000396625; ENSP00000379866; ENSG00000081052. |
| GeneID | 1286. |
| KEGG | hsa:1286. |
| UCSC | uc021vxr.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 1286. |
| GeneCards | GC02M227867. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0030014. |
| HGNC | HGNC:2206. COL4A4. |
| MIM | 120131. gene. 141200. phenotype. 203780. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_P53420. |
| Orphanet | 88919. Autosomal recessive Alport syndrome. 97562. Benign familial hematuria. |
| PharmGKB | PA26721. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG12793. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000085652. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG004933. |
| InParanoid | P53420. |
| KO | K06237. |
| OMA | FRGDMGD. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4XGZZF. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Reactome | REACT_111045. Developmental Biology. REACT_111102. Signal Transduction. REACT_118779. Extracellular matrix organization. |
Gene expression databases | |
| Bgee | P53420. |
| CleanEx | HS_COL4A4. |
| Genevestigator | P53420. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000081052. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| Gene3D | 2.170.240.10. 1 hit. |
| InterPro | IPR016187. C-type_lectin_fold. IPR008160. Collagen. IPR001442. Collagen_VI_NC. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF01413. C4. 2 hits. PF01391. Collagen. 19 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00111. C4. 2 hits. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF56436. C-type_lectin_fold. 2 hits. |
| PROSITE | PS51403. NC1_IV. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | COL4A4. human. |
| GenomeRNAi | 1286. |
| NextBio | 5201. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | CO4A4_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P53420 Secondary accession number(s): A8MTZ1 Q53WR1 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 2 Human chromosome 2: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
