ID PDX1_MOUSE Reviewed; 284 AA. AC P52946; Q3ZB03; DT 01-OCT-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot. DT 01-OCT-1996, sequence version 1. DT 27-MAR-2024, entry version 195. DE RecName: Full=Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1; DE AltName: Full=Insulin promoter factor 1; DE Short=IPF-1; DE AltName: Full=Islet/duodenum homeobox 1; DE Short=IDX-1; DE AltName: Full=Somatostatin-transactivating factor 1; DE Short=STF-1; GN Name=Pdx1; Synonyms=Ipf1; OS Mus musculus (Mouse). OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia; OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae; OC Murinae; Mus; Mus. OX NCBI_TaxID=10090; RN [1] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. RX PubMed=7901001; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1993.tb06109.x; RA Ohlsson H., Karlsson K., Edlund T.; RT "IPF1, a homeodomain-containing transactivator of the insulin gene."; RL EMBO J. 12:4251-4259(1993). RN [2] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RC STRAIN=C57BL/6J; TISSUE=Cecum; RX PubMed=16141072; DOI=10.1126/science.1112014; RA Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., RA Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., RA Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J., RA Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., RA Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., RA Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., RA Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., RA Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., RA Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., RA Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., RA Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., RA Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., RA Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., RA Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., RA Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., RA Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., RA Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., RA Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., RA Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., RA Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., RA Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., RA Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., RA Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., RA Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., RA Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., RA van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., RA Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., RA Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., RA Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., RA Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., RA Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., RA Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., RA Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., RA Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.; RT "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome."; RL Science 309:1559-1563(2005). RN [3] RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504; RG The MGC Project Team; RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."; RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004). RN [4] RP FUNCTION, AND IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH MEIS2 AND PBX1. RX PubMed=9710595; DOI=10.1128/mcb.18.9.5109; RA Swift G.H., Liu Y., Rose S.D., Bischof L.J., Steelman S., Buchberg A.M., RA Wright C.V., MacDonald R.J.; RT "An endocrine-exocrine switch in the activity of the pancreatic homeodomain RT protein PDX1 through formation of a trimeric complex with PBX1b and MRG1 RT (MEIS2)."; RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 18:5109-5120(1998). RN [5] RP FUNCTION, AND IDENTIFICATION IN A COMPLEX WITH MEIS2 AND PBX1. RX PubMed=11279116; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m100678200; RA Liu Y., MacDonald R.J., Swift G.H.; RT "DNA binding and transcriptional activation by a PDX1.PBX1b.MEIS2b trimer RT and cooperation with a pancreas-specific basic helix-loop-helix complex."; RL J. Biol. Chem. 276:17985-17993(2001). RN [6] RP INTERACTION WITH SPOP. RC STRAIN=BALB/cJ; TISSUE=Pancreas; RX PubMed=15121856; DOI=10.1128/mcb.24.10.4372-4383.2004; RA Liu A., Desai B.M., Stoffers D.A.; RT "Identification of PCIF1, a POZ domain protein that inhibits PDX-1 (MODY4) RT transcriptional activity."; RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:4372-4383(2004). RN [7] RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION. RX PubMed=12219087; DOI=10.1038/ng890; RA Nakae J., Biggs W.H. III, Kitamura T., Cavenee W.K., Wright C.V., RA Arden K.C., Accili D.; RT "Regulation of insulin action and pancreatic beta-cell function by mutated RT alleles of the gene encoding forkhead transcription factor Foxo1."; RL Nat. Genet. 32:245-253(2002). RN [8] RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, PHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-152, AND MUTAGENESIS OF RP THR-152. RX PubMed=17052199; DOI=10.1042/bst0340791; RA An R., da Silva Xavier G., Hao H.X., Semplici F., Rutter J., Rutter G.A.; RT "Regulation by Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) kinase of pancreatic duodenal homeobox-1 RT nuclear import in pancreatic beta-cells."; RL Biochem. Soc. Trans. 34:791-793(2006). RN [9] RP PHOSPHORYLATION AT SER-269 BY HIPK2, AND MUTAGENESIS OF SER-269. RX PubMed=20637728; DOI=10.1016/j.bbrc.2010.07.035; RA An R., da Silva Xavier G., Semplici F., Vakhshouri S., Hao H.X., Rutter J., RA Pagano M.A., Meggio F., Pinna L.A., Rutter G.A.; RT "Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) phosphorylation at serine-269 is RT HIPK2-dependent and affects PDX1 subnuclear localization."; RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 399:155-161(2010). CC -!- FUNCTION: Activates insulin and somatostatin gene transcription. Key CC regulator of islet peptide hormone expression but also responsible for CC the development of the pancreas, most probably by determining CC maturation and differentiation of common pancreatic precursor cells in CC the developing gut. As part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b complex in CC pancreatic acinar cells is involved in the transcriptional activation CC of the ELA1 enhancer; the complex binds to the enhancer B element and CC cooperates with the transcription factor 1 complex (PTF1) bound to the CC enhancer A element. Binds the DNA sequence 5'-CC[CT]TAATGGG-3'. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11279116, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12219087, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9710595}. CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with the basic helix-loop-helix domains of TCF3(E47) CC and NEUROD1 and with HMG-I(Y). Interacts with the methyltransferase CC SETD7 (By similarity). Interacts with SPOP. Part of a PDX1:PBX1b:MEIS2b CC complex. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11279116, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15121856, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9710595}. CC -!- INTERACTION: CC P52946; P13405: Rb1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-7128945, EBI-971782; CC P52946; Q6ZWS8: Spop; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-7128945, EBI-7128920; CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108, CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17052199}. Cytoplasm, cytosol CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17052199}. CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Duodenum and pancreas (Langerhans islet beta cells CC and small subsets of endocrine non-beta-cells, at low levels in acinar CC cells). CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: At 8.5 dpc, detected in the gut epithelium from CC which the pancreatic buds are formed. Transient expression in CC pancreatic ducts, endocrine and acinar cells. Down-regulated around CC 10.5 dpc when expression becomes restricted to differentiated beta- CC cells. CC -!- INDUCTION: Expression is repressed by FOXO1 in pancreatic beta-cells. CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12219087}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The Antp-type hexapeptide mediates heterodimerization with PBX CC on a regulatory element of the somatostatin promoter. {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- DOMAIN: The homeodomain, which contains the nuclear localization CC signal, not only mediates DNA-binding, but also acts as a protein- CC protein interaction domain for TCF3(E47), NEUROD1 and HMG-I(Y). CC {ECO:0000250}. CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated by the SAPK2 pathway at high intracellular glucose CC concentration. Phosphorylated by HIPK2 on Ser-269 upon glucose CC accumulation. This phosphorylation mediates subnuclear localization CC shifting. Phosphorylation by PASK may lead to translocation into the CC cytosol. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17052199, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20637728}. CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Antp homeobox family. IPF1/XlHbox-8 CC subfamily. {ECO:0000305}. CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License CC --------------------------------------------------------------------------- DR EMBL; X74342; CAA52389.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; AK020261; BAB32045.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC103572; AAI03573.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC103581; AAI03582.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC103582; AAI03583.1; -; mRNA. DR EMBL; BC105642; AAI05643.1; -; mRNA. DR CCDS; CCDS39398.1; -. DR PIR; S39581; S39581. DR RefSeq; NP_032840.1; NM_008814.3. DR AlphaFoldDB; P52946; -. DR SMR; P52946; -. DR BioGRID; 202101; 5. DR CORUM; P52946; -. DR IntAct; P52946; 2. DR MINT; P52946; -. DR STRING; 10090.ENSMUSP00000082729; -. DR GlyGen; P52946; 1 site, 1 O-linked glycan (1 site). DR iPTMnet; P52946; -. DR PhosphoSitePlus; P52946; -. DR PaxDb; 10090-ENSMUSP00000082729; -. DR PeptideAtlas; P52946; -. DR ProteomicsDB; 287995; -. DR Antibodypedia; 22687; 1005 antibodies from 39 providers. DR DNASU; 18609; -. DR Ensembl; ENSMUST00000085591.7; ENSMUSP00000082729.6; ENSMUSG00000029644.8. DR GeneID; 18609; -. DR KEGG; mmu:18609; -. DR UCSC; uc009any.2; mouse. DR AGR; MGI:102851; -. DR CTD; 3651; -. DR MGI; MGI:102851; Pdx1. DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMUSG00000029644; -. DR eggNOG; KOG0489; Eukaryota. DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000162542; -. DR HOGENOM; CLU_087401_0_0_1; -. DR InParanoid; P52946; -. DR OMA; HTWKGQW; -. DR OrthoDB; 728401at2759; -. DR PhylomeDB; P52946; -. DR TreeFam; TF326223; -. DR BioGRID-ORCS; 18609; 4 hits in 79 CRISPR screens. DR PRO; PR:P52946; -. DR Proteomes; UP000000589; Chromosome 5. DR RNAct; P52946; Protein. DR Bgee; ENSMUSG00000029644; Expressed in pancreas primordium and 49 other cell types or tissues. DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; TAS:Reactome. DR GO; GO:0016607; C:nuclear speck; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0003682; F:chromatin binding; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0001228; F:DNA-binding transcription activator activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IC:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central. DR GO; GO:1990841; F:promoter-specific chromatin binding; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0044877; F:protein-containing complex binding; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:1990837; F:sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0031100; P:animal organ regeneration; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0008283; P:cell population proliferation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0048565; P:digestive tract development; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006351; P:DNA-templated transcription; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0031018; P:endocrine pancreas development; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0035883; P:enteroendocrine cell differentiation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0050673; P:epithelial cell proliferation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0031017; P:exocrine pancreas development; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0042593; P:glucose homeostasis; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0010255; P:glucose mediated signaling pathway; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006006; P:glucose metabolic process; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0030073; P:insulin secretion; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0070059; P:intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in response to endoplasmic reticulum stress; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0001889; P:liver development; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0016331; P:morphogenesis of embryonic epithelium; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0008285; P:negative regulation of cell population proliferation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of DNA-templated transcription; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:1902236; P:negative regulation of endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0050680; P:negative regulation of epithelial cell proliferation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0000122; P:negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:2000675; P:negative regulation of type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0007263; P:nitric oxide mediated signal transduction; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0031016; P:pancreas development; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0008284; P:positive regulation of cell population proliferation; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0045893; P:positive regulation of DNA-templated transcription; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0032024; P:positive regulation of insulin secretion; IDA:UniProtKB. DR GO; GO:0035774; P:positive regulation of insulin secretion involved in cellular response to glucose stimulus; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:NTNU_SB. DR GO; GO:1904692; P:positive regulation of type B pancreatic cell proliferation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0042127; P:regulation of cell population proliferation; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0010468; P:regulation of gene expression; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:MGI. DR GO; GO:0043279; P:response to alkaloid; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0010157; P:response to chlorate; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0034097; P:response to cytokine; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0070542; P:response to fatty acid; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0051384; P:response to glucocorticoid; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0009749; P:response to glucose; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0010040; P:response to iron(II) ion; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0043201; P:response to leucine; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0035094; P:response to nicotine; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0033273; P:response to vitamin; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0009410; P:response to xenobiotic stimulus; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0007224; P:smoothened signaling pathway; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0048863; P:stem cell differentiation; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0006366; P:transcription by RNA polymerase II; ISO:MGI. DR GO; GO:0060290; P:transdifferentiation; IEA:Ensembl. DR GO; GO:0097050; P:type B pancreatic cell apoptotic process; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0003309; P:type B pancreatic cell differentiation; IMP:MGI. DR GO; GO:0044342; P:type B pancreatic cell proliferation; IMP:MGI. DR CDD; cd00086; homeodomain; 1. DR Gene3D; 1.10.10.60; Homeodomain-like; 1. DR InterPro; IPR009057; Homeobox-like_sf. DR InterPro; IPR017995; Homeobox_antennapedia. DR InterPro; IPR017970; Homeobox_CS. DR InterPro; IPR001356; Homeobox_dom. DR InterPro; IPR020479; Homeobox_metazoa. DR PANTHER; PTHR45664:SF12; PANCREAS_DUODENUM HOMEOBOX PROTEIN 1; 1. DR PANTHER; PTHR45664; PROTEIN ZERKNUELLT 1-RELATED; 1. DR Pfam; PF00046; Homeodomain; 1. DR PRINTS; PR00025; ANTENNAPEDIA. DR PRINTS; PR00024; HOMEOBOX. DR SMART; SM00389; HOX; 1. DR SUPFAM; SSF46689; Homeodomain-like; 1. DR PROSITE; PS00027; HOMEOBOX_1; 1. DR PROSITE; PS50071; HOMEOBOX_2; 1. DR Genevisible; P52946; MM. PE 1: Evidence at protein level; KW Activator; Cytoplasm; Developmental protein; Diabetes mellitus; KW DNA-binding; Homeobox; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; KW Transcription; Transcription regulation. FT CHAIN 1..284 FT /note="Pancreas/duodenum homeobox protein 1" FT /id="PRO_0000049149" FT DNA_BIND 147..206 FT /note="Homeobox" FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108" FT REGION 13..73 FT /note="Transactivation domain" FT /evidence="ECO:0000250" FT REGION 30..116 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT REGION 202..284 FT /note="Disordered" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT MOTIF 119..124 FT /note="Antp-type hexapeptide" FT MOTIF 198..204 FT /note="Nuclear localization signal" FT COMPBIAS 37..51 FT /note="Pro residues" FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite" FT MOD_RES 152 FT /note="Phosphothreonine; by PASK" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17052199" FT MOD_RES 269 FT /note="Phosphoserine; by HIPK2" FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20637728" FT MUTAGEN 152 FT /note="T->D,E: Displays a more cytosolic distribution." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:17052199" FT MUTAGEN 269 FT /note="S->A: Reduced phosphorylation by HIPK2." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20637728" FT MUTAGEN 269 FT /note="S->E: Abnormal subnuclear localization upon glucose FT accumulation." FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:20637728" SQ SEQUENCE 284 AA; 30999 MW; A57D04569D14E3C4 CRC64; MNSEEQYYAA TQLYKDPCAF QRGPVPEFSA NPPACLYMGR QPPPPPPPQF TSSLGSLEQG SPPDISPYEV PPLASDDPAG AHLHHHLPAQ LGLAHPPPGP FPNGTEPGGL EEPNRVQLPF PWMKSTKAHA WKGQWAGGAY TAEPEENKRT RTAYTRAQLL ELEKEFLFNK YISRPRRVEL AVMLNLTERH IKIWFQNRRM KWKKEEDKKR SSGTPSGGGG GEEPEQDCAV TSGEELLAVP PLPPPGGAVP PGVPAAVREG LLPSGLSVSP QPSSIAPLRP QEPR //