Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P52426 (MDHP_SPIOL)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Malate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic
    EC=1.1.1.82
Alternative name(s):
    NADP-MDH

Gene names

Name:

MDH

Organism

Spinacia oleracea (Spinach)

Taxonomic identifier

3562 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › Caryophyllales › Amaranthaceae › Spinacia

Protein attributes

Sequence length	435 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	The chloroplastic, NADP-dependent form is essential for the photosynthesis C4 cycle, which allows plants to circumvent the problem of photorespiration. In C4 plants, NADP-MDH activity acts to convert oxaloacetate to malate in chloroplasts of mesophyll cells for transport to the bundle sheath cells.
Catalytic activity	(S)-malate + NADP(+) = oxaloacetate + NADPH.
Enzyme regulation	Chloroplast NADP-MDH is activated upon illumination. In order to be enzymatically active, disulfides bridges on the protein must be reduced by thioredoxin which receives electrons from ferredoxin and the electron transport system of photosynthesis By similarity.
Subunit structure	Homodimer.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast.
Domain	Removal of amino acids 57 to 76 results in the formation of active monomers, a shift of the pH optimum from 8 to 7, the loss of oxaloacetate inhibition and an increased maximal velocity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the LDH/MDH superfamily. MDH type 2 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	NADP
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	carbohydrate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro malate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro malate dehydrogenase (NADP+) activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 45	45	Chloroplast
	Chain	46 – 435	390	Malate dehydrogenase [NADP], chloroplastic		PRO_0000018649
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	98 – 104	7	NADP By similarity
	Nucleotide binding	216 – 218	3	NADP By similarity
Sites
	Active site	274	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Binding site	179	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	185	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	192	1	NADP By similarity
	Binding site	199	1	NAD By similarity
	Binding site	218	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	249	1	Substrate By similarity
	Site	69	1	Activation of NADP-MDH By similarity
	Site	74	1	Activation of NADP-MDH By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	69 ↔ 74		In oxidized inactive NAD-MDH By similarity
	Disulfide bond	410 ↔ 422		In oxidized inactive NAD-MDH By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P52426-1 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: D68AA5D3ED7946A9	FASTA	435	47,488
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAVAELSPCY QTQIVKPPHL SWLSNNHKLN LLGLPKASRI TEICCSLAPN QVQTPVAVPT 70 80 90 100 110 120 GAQSIKPECY GVFCWTYDLK KEEETRSWKK MITIAISGAA GTISNHLLFK LASGVVFGPD 130 140 150 160 170 180 QPIALKLLGS EKSFHALEGV AMELEDSLYP LLREVSIGID PYEVFEDAEW ALLIGAKPRG 190 200 210 220 230 240 PGMERADLLD INGKIYAEQG KALNAVASPN VKVIVVGNPC NTNALICLKN PPNIPAKNFH 250 260 270 280 290 300 SLTRLDENRA KCQLALKAGV FYDKVSNVTI WGNHSTTQVP DFVNAQIGGV PVKEVIKAQK 310 320 330 340 350 360 WLEEEFTEKV RKRGGVLIQK WGRSSAASTA VSIVDAINPL ITPTPPGDWF PSGVYTNGNP 370 380 390 400 410 420 YGIAEDLIYS MPCRSKGDGD YELVKDVIFD DYLRKRIKTS EEELLAEKRC TAHLTGEGIA 430 VCDLPAGDTM LPGEM

References

[1]	"Full-length cDNA sequence for chloroplast NADP-dependent malate dehydrogenase from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.)." Harnecker J., Scheibe R., von Schaewen A. (er) Plant Gene Register PGR95-106 Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Leaf mesophyll.
[2]	"Effects of N-terminal truncations upon chloroplast NADP-malate dehydrogenases from pea and spinach." Ocheretina O., Harnecker J., Rother T., Schmid R., Scheibe R. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1163:10-16(1993) [PubMed: 8476924] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 46-84, MUTAGENESIS.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X84020 mRNA. Translation: CAA58848.1.
PIR	S52268.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1CIV based on UniProtKB P46489.
SMR	P52426. Positions 66-432.
ModBase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001236. Lactate/malate_DHase. IPR015955. Lactate_DHase/Glyco_Ohase_4_C. IPR001252. Malate_DHase_AS. IPR011273. Malate_DHase_NADP-dep_pln. IPR010945. Malate_DHase_SF1. IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.90.110.10. lact_mal_DH. 1 hit. G3DSA:3.40.50.720. NAD(P)-bd. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR23382. MDH_SF1. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF02866. Ldh_1_C. 1 hit. PF00056. Ldh_1_N. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProDom	PD003052. Mal_dehydrog. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01757. Malate-DH_plant. 1 hit. TIGR01759. MalateDH-SF1. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00068. MDH. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

MDHP_SPIOL

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P52426

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	November 25, 2008
This is version 67 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)