P51807 (DYLT1_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Dynein light chain Tctex-type 1

Alternative name(s):
Activator of G-protein signaling 2
Short name=AGS2
T-complex testis-specific protein 1
TCTEX-1

Gene names

Name:	Dynlt1
Synonyms:	Tctel1, Tctex-1, Tctex1

Organism

Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10090 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	113 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Acts as one of several non-catalytic accessory components of the cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex that are thought to be involved in linking dynein to cargos and to adapter proteins that regulate dynein function. Cytoplasmic dynein 1 acts as a motor for the intracellular retrograde motility of vesicles and organelles along microtubules. Binds to transport cargos and is involved in apical cargo transport such as rhodopsin-bearing vesicles in polarized epithelia. Is involved in intracellular targeting of D-type retrovirus gag polyproteins to the cytoplasmic assembly site By similarity. May also be a accessory component of axonemal dynein. Plays an important role in male germ cell development and function. Candidate for involvement in male sterility. Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.8 Plays a role in neuronal morhpogenesis; the function is independent of cytoplasmic dynein and seems to be coupled to regulation of the actin cytoskeleton by enhancing Rac1 activity. The function in neurogenesis may be regulated by association with a G-protein beta-gamma dimer. May function as a receptor-independent activator of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling; the activation appears to be independent of a nucleotide exchange. Plays a role in regulating neurogenesis; inhibits the genesis of neurons from precursor cells during cortical development presumably by antagonizing ARHGEF2. Involved in the regulation of mitotic spindle orientation. Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.8
Subunit structure	Homodimer Probable. The cytoplasmic dynein 1 complex consists of two catalytic heavy chains (HCs) and a number of non-catalytic subunits presented by intermediate chains (ICs), light intermediate chains (LICs) and light chains (LCs); the composition seems to vary in respect to the IC, LIC and LC composition. The heavy chain homodimer serves as a scaffold for the probable homodimeric assembly of the respective non-catalytic subunits. The ICs and LICs bind directly to the HC dimer and the LCs assemble on the IC dimer. DYNLT1 and DYNLT3 compete for association with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Self-associates. Interacts with RHO By similarity. Interacts with DYNC1I1 and DYNC1I2. Interacts with DOC2A, DOC2B and SCN10A. Interacts with PVR. Interacts with SVIL isoform 2. Interacts with GNB1; the interaction occurs in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma; the interaction diminishes the association of DYNLT1 with dynein IC (DYNC1I1 or DYNC1I2). Interacts with GNB2, GNB3 and GNB5; the interactions occur in presence of guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(T) subunit gamma By similarity. Ref.6
Subcellular location	Golgi apparatus By similarity. Cytoplasm By similarity. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › spindle By similarity. Note: Localizes to mitotic spindles By similarity.
Tissue specificity	High level in testis (germ cell-specific). Expressed in sperm (at protein level). 200-fold lower in liver, brain, heart, spleen, and kidney. Levels in thymus and two embryonal carcinoma cell lines were several-fold higher than this low constitutive level. Ref.4
Developmental stage	First abundantly expressed at the pachytene stage of meiosis and persists throughout spermatogenesis.
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated by BMPR2. The phosphorylation status is proposed to regulate the association with the cytoplasmic dynein complex and may have role in cytoplasmic dynein cargo release By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the dynein light chain Tctex-type family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Cell cycle Cell division Mitosis Neurogenesis Transport
Cellular component	Cytoplasm Cytoskeleton Dynein Golgi apparatus Microtubule
Molecular function	Motor protein
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	cell division Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW establishment of mitotic spindle orientation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 9448628. Source: UniProtKB mitosis Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW negative regulation of neurogenesis Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.8. Source: UniProtKB regulation of G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.5. Source: UniProtKB transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular_component	Golgi apparatus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell cytoplasmic dynein complex Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB microtubule Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW photoreceptor inner segment Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10399916. Source: UniProtKB spindle Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular_function	motor activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
Fyn	P39688	3	EBI-642797,EBI-524514

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 113	113	Dynein light chain Tctex-type 1		PRO_0000195153
Regions
	Region	41 – 113	73	Interaction with GNB1 By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	21	1	V → A.

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P51807 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 92DF96F933DB7AF1	FASTA	113	12,483
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MEDFQASEET AFVVDEVSSI VKEAIESAIG GNAYQHSKVN QWTTNVLEQT LSQLTKLGRP 70 80 90 100 110 FKYIVTCVIM QKNGAGLHSA SSCFWDSSTD GSCTVRWENK TMYCIVSTFG LSI

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"tctex-1: a candidate gene family for a mouse t complex sterility locus." Lader E., Ha H.-S., O'Neill M., Artzt K., Bennett D. Cell 58:969-979(1989) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Testis.
[2]	"The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome." Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J. , Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y. Science 309:1559-1563(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: C57BL/6J and NOD. Tissue: Liver and Thymus.
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: C57BL/6. Tissue: Brain and Testis.
[4]	"Identification of the t complex-encoded cytoplasmic dynein light chain tctex1 in inner arm I1 supports the involvement of flagellar dyneins in meiotic drive." Harrison A., Olds-Clarke P., King S.M. J. Cell Biol. 140:1137-1147(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY, POSSIBLE FUNCTION IN AXONEMAL DYNEIN.
[5]	"Receptor-independent activators of heterotrimeric G-protein signaling pathways." Takesono A., Cismowski M.J., Ribas C., Bernard M., Chung P., Hazard S. III, Duzic E., Lanier S.M. J. Biol. Chem. 274:33202-33205(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN RECEPTOR-INDEPENDENT ACTIVATION OF G-PROTEIN SIGNALING, ASSOCIATION WITH GBETA-GAMMA.
[6]	"Structure of Tctex-1 and its interaction with cytoplasmic dynein intermediate chain." Mok Y.K., Lo K.W., Zhang M. J. Biol. Chem. 276:14067-14074(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH DYNC1I1, SUBUNIT.
[7]	"The Tctex1/Tctex2 class of dynein light chains. Dimerization, differential expression, and interaction with the LC8 protein family." DiBella L.M., Benashski S.E., Tedford H.W., Harrison A., Patel-King R.S., King S.M. J. Biol. Chem. 276:14366-14373(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SELF-ASSOCIATION.
[8]	"Lfc and Tctex-1 regulate the genesis of neurons from cortical precursor cells." Gauthier-Fisher A., Lin D.C., Greeve M., Kaplan D.R., Rottapel R., Miller F.D. Nat. Neurosci. 12:735-744(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION IN NEUROGENESIS.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M25825 mRNA. Translation: AAA40408.1. AK133788 mRNA. Translation: BAE21842.1. AK153971 mRNA. Translation: BAE32288.1. AK168478 mRNA. Translation: BAE40367.1. BC043018 mRNA. Translation: AAH43018.1. BC087868 mRNA. Translation: AAH87868.1.
IPI	IPI00127431.
PIR	A32995.
RefSeq	NP_001160099.1. NM_001166627.1. NP_001160101.1. NM_001166629.1. NP_001160102.1. NM_001166630.1. NP_033368.1. NM_009342.2.
UniGene	Mm.1948. Mm.428775. Mm.457381. Mm.457987. Mm.458102. Mm.458208.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P51807.
SMR	P51807. Positions 12-113.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	P51807. 7 interactions.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P51807.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P51807.
PRIDE	P51807.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSMUST00000092966; ENSMUSP00000090644; ENSMUSG00000000579. ENSMUST00000169415; ENSMUSP00000127990; ENSMUSG00000092074. ENSMUST00000179554; ENSMUSP00000135978; ENSMUSG00000095677. ENSMUST00000179569; ENSMUSP00000137171; ENSMUSG00000096255.
GeneID	100040531. 100040563. 100310872. 21648.
KEGG	mmu:100040531. mmu:100040563. mmu:100310872. mmu:21648.
UCSC	uc008agl.2. mouse.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	100040531. 100040563. 100310872. 21648.
MGI	MGI:98643. Dynlt1.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG278055.
GeneTree	ENSGT00390000013998.
HOGENOM	HOG000255148.
HOVERGEN	HBG001217.
InParanoid	Q5M8S6.
KO	K10420.
OMA	SCFWDNS.
OrthoDB	EOG4QRH5G.
Gene expression databases
Bgee	P51807.
CleanEx	MM_DYNLT1.
Genevestigator	P51807.
GermOnline	ENSMUSG00000000579. Mus musculus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR005334. Tctex. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR21255. PTHR21255. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF03645. Tctex-1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	300916.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

DYLT1_MOUSE

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P51807
Secondary accession number(s): Q5M8S6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 103 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program