Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P51647 (AL1A1_RAT)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Retinal dehydrogenase 1
      Short name=RALDH 1
      Short name=RalDH1
    EC=1.2.1.36
Alternative name(s):
    Aldehyde dehydrogenase family 1 member A1
    Aldehyde dehydrogenase, cytosolic
    ALHDII
    ALDH-E1

Gene names

Name:	Aldh1a1
Synonyms:	Aldh

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat)

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	501 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Is capable of converting 9-cis and all-trans retinal to corresponding retinoic acid with high efficiency, 9-cis retinal being 2-fold more active than all-trans retinal.
Catalytic activity	Retinal + NAD(+) + H(2)O = retinoate + NADH.
Enzyme regulation	Inhibited by chloral hydrate.
Pathway	Cofactor metabolism; retinol metabolism.
Subunit structure	Homotetramer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm.
Tissue specificity	Strongly expressed in kidney, lung, testis, intestine, stomach, and trachea, but weakly in the liver.
Post-translational modification	The N-terminus is blocked.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Ligand	NAD
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
PTM	Acetylation
Technical term	Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	cytoplasm Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	retinal dehydrogenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Initiator methionine	1	1	Removed
	Chain	2 – 501	500	Retinal dehydrogenase 1		PRO_0000056419
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	246 – 251	6	NAD By similarity
Sites
	Active site	269	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Active site	303	1	Nucleophile By similarity
	Site	170	1	Transition state stabilizer By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	2	1	N-acetylserine Probable
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	100	1	R → C in AAA96657. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	106	1	I → M AA sequence Ref.6
	Sequence conflict	170	1	N → E in AAA96657. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P51647-1 [UniParc]. Last modified January 23, 2007. Version 3. Checksum: A3614C21BCE7E144	FASTA	501	54,459
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MSSPAQPAVP APLANLKIQH TKIFINNEWH DSVSGKKFPV LNPATEEVIC HVEEGDKADV 70 80 90 100 110 120 DKAVKAARQA FQIGSPWRTM DASERGRLLN KLADLMERDR LLLATIEAIN GGKVFANAYL 130 140 150 160 170 180 SDLGGSIKAL KYCAGWADKI HGQTIPSDGD IFTFTRREPI GVCGQIIPWN FPLLMFIWKI 190 200 210 220 230 240 GPALSCGNTV VVKPAEQTPL TALHMASLIK EAGFPPGVVN IVPGYGPTAG AAISSHMDVD 250 260 270 280 290 300 KVAFTGSTQV GKLIKEAAGK SNLKRVTLEL GGKSPCIVFA DADLDIAVEF AHHGVFYHQG 310 320 330 340 350 360 QCCVAASRIF VEESVYDEFV RKSVERAKKY VLGNPLTQGI NQGPQIDKEQ HDKILDLIES 370 380 390 400 410 420 GKKEGAKLEC GGGRWGNKGF FVQPTVFSNV TDEMRIAKEE IFGPVQQIMK FKSIDDVIKR 430 440 450 460 470 480 ANNTTYGLAA GVFTKDLDRA ITVSSALQAG VVWVNCYMIL SAQCPFGGFK MSGNGRELGE 490 500 HGLYEYTELK TVAMKISQKN S

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning of a cDNA encoding rat aldehyde dehydrogenase with high activity for retinal oxidation." Bhat P.V., Labrecque J., Boutin J.-M., Lacroix A., Yoshida A. Gene 166:303-306(1995) [PubMed: 8543180] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Kidney.
[2]	"A preliminary report on the cloning of a constitutively expressed rat liver cytosolic ALDH cDNA by PCR." Kathmann E.C., Lipsky J.J. Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 414:69-72(1997) [PubMed: 9059608] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Liver.
[3]	"Cloning of a cDNA encoding a constitutively expressed rat liver cytosolic aldehyde dehydrogenase." Kathmann E.C., Lipsky J.J. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 236:527-531(1997) [PubMed: 9240474] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Liver.
[4]	"Cloning of a rat cDNA encoding retinal dehydrogenase isozyme type I and its expression in E. coli." Napoli J.L., Penzes P., Wang X., Sperkova Z. Submitted (APR-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Liver.
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Pituitary.
[6]	"A novel isoenzyme of aldehyde dehydrogenase specifically involved in the biosynthesis of 9-cis and all-trans retinoic acid." Labrecque J., Dumas F., Lacroix A., Bhat P.V. Biochem. J. 305:681-684(1995) [PubMed: 7832787] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-19; 80-91; 96-121; 205-225; 237-258 AND 394-438. Strain: Sprague-Dawley. Tissue: Kidney.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	L42009 mRNA. Translation: AAA96657.1. AF001896 mRNA. Translation: AAC53304.1. AF001898 mRNA. Translation: AAC53306.1. AF001897 mRNA. Translation: AAC53305.1. U79118 mRNA. Translation: AAB63423.1. BC061526 mRNA. Translation: AAH61526.1.
PIR	JC4524. JC5553.
RefSeq	NP_071852.2.
UniGene	Rn.6132
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1BXS based on UniProtKB P51977.
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOG00000017619. Rattus norvegicus. [Contig view]
GeneID	24188.
KEGG	rno:24188.
Organism-specific databases
RGD	2087. Aldh1a1.
Phylogenomic databases
HOVERGEN	P51647.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P51647.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000017619. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR016160. Ald_DHase_CS. IPR016162. Ald_DHase_N. IPR015590. Aldehyde_DHase. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.605.10. Aldehyde_dehydrogenase_N. 1 hit.
PANTHER	PTHR11699. Aldehyde_dehyd. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00171. Aldedh. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS00070. ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_CYS. 1 hit. PS00687. ALDEHYDE_DEHYDR_GLU. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
NextBio	602555.

Entry information

Entry name

AL1A1_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P51647
Secondary accession number(s): O09184

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	January 23, 2007
Last modified:	November 4, 2008
This is version 68 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)