P50229 (CCL3_RAT) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
C-C motif chemokine 3

Alternative name(s):
Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha
Short name=MIP-1-alpha
Small-inducible cytokine A3

Gene names

Name:	Ccl3
Synonyms:	Mip1a, Scya3

Organism

Rattus norvegicus (Rat) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10116 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Rattus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	92 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Monokine with inflammatory and chemokinetic properties. Has chemotactic activity for monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes. Required for lung TNF-alpha production, neutrophil recruitment and subsequent lung injury and may function as an autocrine mediator for the macrophage production of TNF-alpha which in turn up-regulates vascular adhesion molecules required for neutrophil influx. This protein binds heparin.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Induction	By lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Chemotaxis Inflammatory response
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Ligand	Heparin-binding
Molecular function	Cytokine
PTM	Disulfide bond
Technical term	Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	MAPK cascade Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB T cell chemotaxis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB astrocyte cell migration Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB behavior Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB calcium-mediated signaling Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cell-cell signaling Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cellular response to organic cyclic compound Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cytoskeleton organization Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB eosinophil chemotaxis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB eosinophil degranulation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB granulocyte chemotaxis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB inflammatory response Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 12144807. Source: RGD lipopolysaccharide-mediated signaling pathway Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB macrophage chemotaxis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB monocyte chemotaxis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation by host of viral transcription Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of gene expression Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of osteoclast differentiation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB neutrophil chemotaxis Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10466578Ref.2. Source: RGD osteoblast differentiation Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of ERK1 and ERK2 cascade Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of calcium ion transport Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of calcium-mediated signaling Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of gene expression Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of inflammatory response Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of natural killer cell chemotaxis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of neuron apoptotic process Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of osteoclast differentiation Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9920817. Source: RGD positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara positive regulation of tumor necrosis factor production Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB protein kinase B signaling cascade Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB regulation of cell shape Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB regulation of sensory perception of pain Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol by sarcoplasmic reticulum Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB response to cholesterol Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB response to drug Inferred from expression pattern PubMed 17666800. Source: RGD response to toxic substance Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular_component	cytosol Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB extracellular space Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular_function	calcium-dependent protein kinase C activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB chemoattractant activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB chemokine activity Inferred from direct assay PubMed 10466578. Source: RGD heparin binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW phospholipase activator activity Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 23	23	Ref.4
	Chain	24 – 92	69	C-C motif chemokine 3		PRO_0000005160
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	34 ↔ 57		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	35 ↔ 73		By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	6	1	A → T in AAA96498. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	57	1	C → W in AAA96498. Ref.2
	Sequence conflict	57	1	C → W AA sequence Ref.4

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P50229 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1996. Version 1. Checksum: 14E861C647F9A2EB	FASTA	92	10,335
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKVSTAALAV LLCTMALWNE VFSAPYGADT PTACCFSYGR QIPRKFIADY FETSSLCSQP 70 80 90 GVIFLTKRNR QICADPKETW VQEYITELEL NA

References

[1]	"Molecular cloning and posttranscriptional regulation of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha in alveolar macrophages." Shi M.M., Godleski J.J., Paulauskis J.D. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 211:289-295(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Lung.
[2]	"Role of macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha (MIP-1 alpha) in acute lung injury in rats." Shanley T.P., Schmal H., Friedl H.P., Jones M.L., Ward P.A. J. Immunol. 154:4793-4802(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Long Evans. Tissue: Lung.
[3]	"Fine-mapping and comprehensive transcript analysis reveals nonsynonymous variants within a novel 1.17 Mb blood pressure QTL region on rat chromosome 10." Saad Y., Garrett M.R., Manickavasagam E., Yerga-Woolwine S., Farms P., Radecki T., Joe B. Genomics 89:343-353(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: Dahl salt-sensitive and Lewis.
[4]	"Cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-2 alpha, a novel member of rat GRO/CINCs, is a predominant chemokine produced by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated rat macrophages in culture." Nakagawa H., Shiota S., Takano K., Shibata F., Kato H. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 220:945-948(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 24-57. Strain: Wistar.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U22414 mRNA. Translation: AAA80608.1. U06435 mRNA. Translation: AAA96498.1. EF121994 mRNA. Translation: ABL63433.1. EF121995 mRNA. Translation: ABL63434.1.
IPI	IPI00196416.
PIR	I52322.
RefSeq	NP_037157.2. NM_013025.2.
UniGene	Rn.10139.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P50229.
SMR	P50229. Positions 24-91.
ModBase	Search...
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSRNOT00000015139; ENSRNOP00000015139; ENSRNOG00000011205.
GeneID	25542.
KEGG	rno:25542.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	6348.
RGD	3647. Ccl3.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG42742.
GeneTree	ENSGT00560000077010.
HOGENOM	HOG000036685.
HOVERGEN	HBG017871.
InParanoid	P50229.
KO	K05408.
OMA	IVDYFET.
OrthoDB	EOG42Z4RR.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	P50229.
GermOnline	ENSRNOG00000011205. Rattus norvegicus.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000827. Chemokine_CC_CS. IPR001811. Chemokine_IL8-like_dom. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00048. IL8. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SMART	SM00199. SCY. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
SUPFAM	SSF54117. Chemokine_IL8. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00472. SMALL_CYTOKINES_CC. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	607069.

Entry information

Entry name

CCL3_RAT

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P50229
Secondary accession number(s): A1EC87

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1996
Last modified:	May 29, 2013
This is version 101 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program