Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P49294 (HEM12_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Glutamyl-tRNA reductase 2, chloroplastic
      Short name=GluTR
    EC=1.2.1.70

Gene names

Name:	HEMA2
Ordered Locus Names:	At1g09940
ORF Names:	F21M12.33

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › malvids › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	530 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) to glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) By similarity.
Catalytic activity	L-glutamate 1-semialdehyde + NADP+ + tRNA(Glu) = L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + NADPH.
Pathway	Porphyrin metabolism; protoporphyrin-IX biosynthesis; 5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu): step 1/2.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast By similarity.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in low levels in roots and flowers. Ref.1
Miscellaneous	During catalysis, the active site Cys acts as a nucleophile attacking the alpha-carbonyl group of tRNA-bound glutamate with the formation of a thioester intermediate between enzyme and glutamate, and the concomitant release of tRNA(Glu). The thioester intermediate is finally reduced by direct hydride transfer from NADPH, to form the product GSA By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutamyl-tRNA reductase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Chlorophyll biosynthesis Porphyrin biosynthesis
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	NADP
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	chlorophyll biosynthetic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW heme biosynthetic process Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW response to oxidative stress Inferred from expression pattern. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	NADP or NADPH binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro glutamyl-tRNA reductase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC shikimate 5-dehydrogenase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 64	64	Chloroplast Potential
	Chain	65 – 530	466	Glutamyl-tRNA reductase 2, chloroplastic		PRO_0000013308
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	277 – 282	6	NADP By similarity
	Region	134 – 137	4	Substrate binding By similarity
	Region	199 – 201	3	Substrate binding By similarity
Sites
	Active site	135	1	Nucleophile By similarity
	Binding site	194	1	Substrate By similarity
	Binding site	205	1	Substrate By similarity
	Site	184	1	Important for activity By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	245	1	A → G in BAF00558. Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	410	1	D → E in AAB01674. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P49294-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 24, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: 0C0224296BA3D0A8	FASTA	530	58,292
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MAVSSAFVVT PKLEKLLANH HNPTYSSSPA PLDVIGIRAL PMNNRNKRGL IQRARCEISP 70 80 90 100 110 120 SNKAASISAL EQLKTSAIDR YTKERSSIVV IGLSIHTAPV EMREKLAIPE AEWPRAIAEL 130 140 150 160 170 180 CGLNHIEEAA VLSTCNRMEI YVLALSQHRG VKEVTEWMSK TSGIPVSEIC QHRFLLYNKD 190 200 210 220 230 240 VTQHIFEVSA GLDSLVLGEG QILAQVKQVV KVGQGVNGFG RNISGLFKHA ITVGKRVRTE 250 260 270 280 290 300 TNIAAGAVSV SSAAVELALM KLPESSHASS ARMLVVGAGK MGKLVIKHLV AKGCTKMVVV 310 320 330 340 350 360 NRSEEKVAAV RNEMPPGVEI IYKPLDEMLS CAAEADVVFT STASETPLFL KEQVETLPPV 370 380 390 400 410 420 RDARLFVDIS VPRNVGSCVA EIDGTRVFNV DDLKEVVAAN KEDRVRKAMD AQAIITDESK 430 440 450 460 470 480 HFEAWRDSLE TVPTIKKLRG YTERIIAAEI EKSLPKMGID MNKKMRKTVD DLIRGIVNKL 490 500 510 520 530 LHGPMQHLRC DGNDSRTLSE TLDNMQALNR MYGLDAEILE EKIRAKVEKK

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A second and differentially expressed glutamyl-tRNA reductase gene from Arabidopsis thaliana." Kumar A.M., Csankovszki G., Soell D. Plant Mol. Biol. 30:419-426(1996) [PubMed: 8605295] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], TISSUE SPECIFICITY. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana." Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O., Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E., Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K. , Conn L., Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P., Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D., Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J., Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L., Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A., Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A., Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M., Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M., Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P., Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D., Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D., Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W. Nature 408:816-820(2000) [PubMed: 11130712] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Arabidopsis ORF clones." Cheuk R., Chen H., Kim C.J., Shinn P., Ecker J.R. Submitted (MAY-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[4]	"Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs." Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A., Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y., Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K. , Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y., Shinozaki K. Submitted (JUL-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U27118 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB01674.1. AC000132 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB60749.1. BT023439 mRNA. Translation: AAY56430.1. AK228651 mRNA. Translation: BAF00558.1.
IPI	IPI00534564.
PIR	G86233. S65773.
RefSeq	NP_172465.1.
UniGene	At.27711
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	P49294.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	837528.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT1G09940 in contig CT485782_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT1G09940.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.1230.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At1g09940.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	COG0373.
HOGENOM	HBG732626.
InParanoid	P49294.
OMA	LLIDIAN.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BioCyc	MetaCyc:AT1G09940-MONOMER.
BRENDA	1.2.1.70. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P49294.
Genevestigator	P49294.
GermOnline	AT1G09940. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR000343. 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase. IPR015896. 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase_C. IPR015895. 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase_N. IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd_dom. IPR018214. pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase_CS. IPR006151. Shikm_DH/Glu-tRNA_Rdtase. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00745. GlutR_dimer. 1 hit. PF05201. GlutR_N. 1 hit. PF01488. Shikimate_DH. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF000445. 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMs	TIGR01035. hemA. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00747. GLUTR. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

HEM12_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P49294
Secondary accession number(s): O04950, Q0WQP1, Q4V3B7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 1, 1996
Last sequence update:	July 24, 2007
Last modified:	February 9, 2010
This is version 85 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)