ID   HEM1_CYAPA              Reviewed;         432 AA.
AC   P48077; Q9BA13;
DT   01-FEB-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-FEB-1996, sequence version 1.
DT   08-NOV-2023, entry version 123.
DE   RecName: Full=Glutamyl-tRNA reductase {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087};
DE            Short=GluTR {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087};
DE            EC=1.2.1.70 {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087};
GN   Name=hemA {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087};
OS   Cyanophora paradoxa.
OG   Plastid; Cyanelle.
OC   Eukaryota; Glaucocystophyceae; Cyanophoraceae; Cyanophora.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=2762;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=UTEX LB 555 / Pringsheim;
RX   DOI=10.1007/BF02669186;
RA   Stirewalt V.L., Michalowski C.B., Loeffelhardt W., Bohnert H.J.,
RA   Bryant D.A.;
RT   "Nucleotide sequence of the cyanelle DNA from Cyanophora paradoxa.";
RL   Plant Mol. Biol. Rep. 13:327-332(1995).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=UTEX LB 555 / Pringsheim;
RX   DOI=10.1007/978-3-642-60885-8_3;
RA   Loeffelhardt W., Stirewalt V.L., Michalowski C.B., Annarella M.,
RA   Farley J.Y., Schluchter W.M., Chung S., Newmann-Spallart C., Steiner J.M.,
RA   Jakowitsch J., Bohnert H.J., Bryant D.A.;
RT   "The complete sequence of the cyanelle genome of Cyanophora paradoxa: the
RT   genetic complexity of a primitive plastid.";
RL   (In) Schenk H.E.A., Herrmann R., Jeon K.W., Mueller N.E., Schwemmler W.
RL   (eds.);
RL   Eukaryotism and symbiosis, pp.40-48, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg (1997).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 407-432.
RC   STRAIN=UTEX LB 555 / Pringsheim;
RX   PubMed=2403527; DOI=10.1016/0014-5793(90)80026-f;
RA   Bryant D.A., Stirewalt V.L.;
RT   "The cyanelle genome of Cyanophora paradoxa encodes ribosomal proteins not
RT   encoded by the chloroplasts genomes of higher plants.";
RL   FEBS Lett. 259:273-280(1990).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Catalyzes the NADPH-dependent reduction of glutamyl-tRNA(Glu)
CC       to glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=(S)-4-amino-5-oxopentanoate + NADP(+) + tRNA(Glu) = H(+) + L-
CC         glutamyl-tRNA(Glu) + NADPH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:12344, Rhea:RHEA-
CC         COMP:9663, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:9680, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:57501,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:57783, ChEBI:CHEBI:58349, ChEBI:CHEBI:78442,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:78520; EC=1.2.1.70; Evidence={ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC         Rule:MF_00087};
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Porphyrin-containing compound metabolism; protoporphyrin-IX
CC       biosynthesis; 5-aminolevulinate from L-glutamyl-tRNA(Glu): step 1/2.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Porphyrin-containing compound metabolism; chlorophyll
CC       biosynthesis. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, cyanelle.
CC   -!- DOMAIN: Possesses an unusual extended V-shaped dimeric structure with
CC       each monomer consisting of three distinct domains arranged along a
CC       curved 'spinal' alpha-helix. The N-terminal catalytic domain
CC       specifically recognizes the glutamate moiety of the substrate. The
CC       second domain is the NADPH-binding domain, and the third C-terminal
CC       domain is responsible for dimerization. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC       Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- MISCELLANEOUS: During catalysis, the active site Cys acts as a
CC       nucleophile attacking the alpha-carbonyl group of tRNA-bound glutamate
CC       with the formation of a thioester intermediate between enzyme and
CC       glutamate, and the concomitant release of tRNA(Glu). The thioester
CC       intermediate is finally reduced by direct hydride transfer from NADPH,
CC       to form the product GSA. {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutamyl-tRNA reductase family.
CC       {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087}.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=CAC35456.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR   EMBL; U30821; AAA81194.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; X17063; CAC35456.1; ALT_INIT; Genomic_DNA.
DR   PIR; T06851; T06851.
DR   RefSeq; NP_043163.1; NC_001675.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P48077; -.
DR   SMR; P48077; -.
DR   GeneID; 801525; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00251; UER00316.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00668; -.
DR   GO; GO:0009842; C:cyanelle; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0008883; F:glutamyl-tRNA reductase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-UniRule.
DR   GO; GO:0050661; F:NADP binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0015995; P:chlorophyll biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway.
DR   GO; GO:0006782; P:protoporphyrinogen IX biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway.
DR   CDD; cd05213; NAD_bind_Glutamyl_tRNA_reduct; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.30.460.30; Glutamyl-tRNA reductase, N-terminal domain; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 3.40.50.720; NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-like Domain; 1.
DR   HAMAP; MF_00087; Glu_tRNA_reductase; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR000343; 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase.
DR   InterPro; IPR015896; 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase_dimer.
DR   InterPro; IPR015895; 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR018214; GluRdtase_CS.
DR   InterPro; IPR036453; GluRdtase_dimer_dom_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR036343; GluRdtase_N_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR036291; NAD(P)-bd_dom_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR006151; Shikm_DH/Glu-tRNA_Rdtase.
DR   NCBIfam; TIGR01035; hemA; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR43120; GLUTAMYL-TRNA REDUCTASE 1, CHLOROPLASTIC; 1.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR43120:SF1; GLUTAMYL-TRNA REDUCTASE 1, CHLOROPLASTIC; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00745; GlutR_dimer; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF05201; GlutR_N; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF01488; Shikimate_DH; 1.
DR   PIRSF; PIRSF000445; 4pyrrol_synth_GluRdtase; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF69742; Glutamyl tRNA-reductase catalytic, N-terminal domain; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF69075; Glutamyl tRNA-reductase dimerization domain; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF51735; NAD(P)-binding Rossmann-fold domains; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00747; GLUTR; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Chlorophyll biosynthesis; Cyanelle; NADP; Oxidoreductase; Plastid;
KW   Porphyrin biosynthesis.
FT   CHAIN           1..432
FT                   /note="Glutamyl-tRNA reductase"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000114096"
FT   ACT_SITE        50
FT                   /note="Nucleophile"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
FT   BINDING         49..52
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
FT   BINDING         109
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
FT   BINDING         114..116
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
FT   BINDING         120
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
FT   BINDING         189..194
FT                   /ligand="NADP(+)"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58349"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
FT   SITE            99
FT                   /note="Important for activity"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_00087"
SQ   SEQUENCE   432 AA;  48542 MW;  F14378FC72FFD05B CRC64;
     MNIIVVGLSH KTAPVDFREK LSIPKVRIGE AIRELCNYPH IEEVAILSTC NRLEIYLLTS
     DTYQGIREAT QFLADSSDLS LPELRQHLFI LLHQDAVMHL MRVTAGLDSL IIGEGQILSQ
     VKQCYQLGQQ YQGIGPVLNN IFKQAISAGK RVRTETQIST GAVSISSAAV ELAQIKKQDL
     RTANITILGA GKMSRLLVQH LLSKRVKDIN IVNRSVERAK LLVDQFKEAN INIYNLSELK
     TILQNSDIVF TGTSSQEPII TPELINDCDN LPSELMLFDI AVPRNVDPNV SQFDNIKVFN
     VDDLKVVVSQ NQQTRRKMAK AAEILLEEEL SAFNIWWGSL EAIPTINKLR EKAEIIRVKE
     LEKAISRLGN EFVSDHQEIV ESLTRGIVNK ILHDPMVQLR AQQDIEIRGR ALKILQTLFN
     LDTIKNGMSP TL
//