Skip Header

 
Contribute Send feedback
Read comments (1) or add your own

Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P45984 (MK09_HUMAN)

Last modified November 3, 2009. Version 107. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (7) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9
    EC=2.7.11.24
Alternative name(s):
    Stress-activated protein kinase JNK2
    c-Jun N-terminal kinase 2
    JNK-55
Gene names
Name: MAPK9
Synonyms: JNK2, PRKM9
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length424 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Responds to activation by environmental stress and pro-inflammatory cytokines by phosphorylating a number of transcription factors, primarily components of AP-1 such as c-Jun and ATF2 and thus regulates AP-1 transcriptional activity. In T-cells, JNK1 and JNK2 are required for polarized differentiation of T-helper cells into Th1 cells.

JNK2 isoforms display different binding patterns: alpha-1 and alpha-2 preferentially bind to c-Jun, whereas beta-1 and beta-2 bind to ATF2. However, there is no correlation between binding and phosphorylation, which is achieved at about the same efficiency by all isoforms. JUNB is not a substrate for JNK2 alpha-2, and JUND binds only weakly to it.

Catalytic activity

ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein.

Cofactor

Magnesium. Ref.9

Enzyme regulation

Activated by threonine and tyrosine phosphorylation by either of two dual specificity kinases, MAP2K4 and MAP2K7. Inhibited by dual specificity phosphatases, such as DUSP1.

Subunit structure

Binds to at least four scaffolding proteins, MAPK8IP1/JIP-1, MAPK8IP2/JIP-2, MAPK8IP3/JIP-3/JSAP1 and SPAG9/MAPK8IP4/JIP-4. These proteins also bind other components of the JNK signaling pathway. Interacts with NFATC4. Ref.10 Ref.11

Domain

The TXY motif contains the threonine and tyrosine residues whose phosphorylation activates the MAP kinases.

Post-translational modification

Dually phosphorylated on Thr-183 and Tyr-185, which activates the enzyme. Autophosphorylated in vitro. Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. MAP kinase subfamily.

Contains 1 protein kinase domain.

Binary interactions

With

Entry

#Exp.

IntAct

Notes

ATF2P153361EBI-713586,EBI-1170906
Ctnnb1Q022481EBI-713586,EBI-397872From a different organism.
JUNP054121EBI-713586,EBI-852823

Alternative products

This entry describes 4 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform Alpha-2 (identifier: P45984-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform Alpha-1 (identifier: P45984-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     378-424: DAAVSSNATPSQSSSINDISSMSTEQTLASDTDSSLDASTGPLEGCR → AQMQQ
Isoform Beta-1 (identifier: P45984-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     216-230: GELVKGCVIFQGTDH → AEMVLHKVLFPGRDY
     378-424: DAAVSSNATPSQSSSINDISSMSTEQTLASDTDSSLDASTGPLEGCR → AQMQQ
Isoform Beta-2 (identifier: P45984-4)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     216-230: GELVKGCVIFQGTDH → AEMVLHKVLFPGRDY

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 424424Mitogen-activated protein kinase 9
PRO_0000186273

Regions

Domain26 – 321296Protein kinase
Nucleotide binding32 – 409ATP By similarity
Motif183 – 1853TXY

Sites

Active site1511Proton acceptor By similarity
Binding site551ATP By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue1831Phosphothreonine Ref.13
Modified residue1851Phosphotyrosine Ref.12 Ref.13 Ref.14

Natural variations

Alternative sequence216 – 23015GELVK…QGTDH → AEMVLHKVLFPGRDY in isoform Beta-1 and isoform Beta-2.
VSP_004834
Alternative sequence378 – 42447DAAVS…LEGCR → AQMQQ in isoform Alpha-1 and isoform Beta-1.
VSP_004835
Natural variant131V → M in a colorectal adenocarcinoma sample; somatic mutation. Ref.16
VAR_042260
Natural variant561K → N in a head & Neck squamous cell carcinoma sample; somatic mutation. Ref.16
VAR_042261
Natural variant2461A → T
VAR_042262
Natural variant2681G → A
VAR_025175
Natural variant3661R → I
VAR_042263

Experimental info

Sequence conflict511N → S Ref.1
Sequence conflict511N → S Ref.3
Sequence conflict3771S → P in AAA74740. Ref.2

Secondary structure

..................................................... 424
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform Alpha-2 [UniParc].

Last modified January 24, 2006. Version 2.
Checksum: 9C15DA79981290AF

FASTA42448,139
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSDSKCDSQF YSVQVADSTF TVLKRYQQLK PIGSGAQGIV CAAFDTVLGI NVAVKKLSRP 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
FQNQTHAKRA YRELVLLKCV NHKNIISLLN VFTPQKTLEE FQDVYLVMEL MDANLCQVIH 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
MELDHERMSY LLYQMLCGIK HLHSAGIIHR DLKPSNIVVK SDCTLKILDF GLARTACTNF 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
MMTPYVVTRY YRAPEVILGM GYKENVDIWS VGCIMGELVK GCVIFQGTDH IDQWNKVIEQ 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
LGTPSAEFMK KLQPTVRNYV ENRPKYPGIK FEELFPDWIF PSESERDKIK TSQARDLLSK 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
MLVIDPDKRI SVDEALRHPY ITVWYDPAEA EAPPPQIYDA QLEEREHAIE EWKELIYKEV 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
MDWEERSKNG VVKDQPSDAA VSSNATPSQS SSINDISSMS TEQTLASDTD SSLDASTGPL 


EGCR 

« Hide

Isoform Alpha-1.

Checksum: A1963C01247BDFF4
Show »

FASTA38244,051
Isoform Beta-1.

Checksum: 808ED1F85085CB4E
Show »

FASTA38244,223
Isoform Beta-2.

Checksum: A1B5FB794F373EB9
Show »

FASTA42448,311

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Signal transduction by tumor necrosis factor mediated by JNK protein kinases."
Sluss H.K., Barrett T., Derijard B., Davis R.J.
Mol. Cell. Biol. 14:8376-8384(1994) [PubMed: 7969172] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]"JNK2 contains a specificity-determining region responsible for efficient c-Jun binding and phosphorylation."
Kallunki T., Su B., Tsigelny I., Sluss H.K., Derijard B., Moore G., Davis R., Karin M.
Genes Dev. 8:2996-3007(1994) [PubMed: 8001819] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]"Selective interaction of JNK protein kinase isoforms with transcription factors."
Gupta S., Barrett T., Whitmarsh A.J., Cavanagh J., Sluss H.K., Derijard B., Davis R.J.
EMBO J. 15:2760-2770(1996) [PubMed: 8654373] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.
Tissue: Brain.
[4]"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)."
Halleck A., Ebert L., Mkoundinya M., Schick M., Eisenstein S., Neubert P., Kstrang K., Schatten R., Shen B., Henze S., Mar W., Korn B., Zuo D., Hu Y., LaBaer J.
Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[5]"Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs."
Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. expand/collapse author list , Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K., Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H., Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M., Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K., Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T., Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M., Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S., Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H., Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K., Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N., Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S., Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O., Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H., Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B., Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y., Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K., Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T., Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T., Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y., Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H., Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y., Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H., Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O., Isogai T., Sugano S.
Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM BETA-2).
Tissue: Amygdala.
[6]NIEHS SNPs program
Submitted (MAY-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT ALA-268.
[7]Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. expand/collapse author list , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.
Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[8]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
Tissue: Skin.
[9]"Synergistic activation of stress-activated protein kinase 1/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK1/JNK) isoforms by mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4 (MKK4) and MKK7."
Fleming Y., Armstrong C.G., Morrice N., Paterson A., Goedert M., Cohen P.
Biochem. J. 352:145-154(2000) [PubMed: 11062067] [Abstract]
Cited for: REGULATION BY MAP2K4 AND MAP2K7, COFACTOR.
[10]"Characterization of a novel human sperm-associated antigen 9 (SPAG9) having structural homology with c-Jun N-terminal kinase-interacting protein."
Jagadish N., Rana R., Selvi R., Mishra D., Garg M., Yadav S., Herr J.C., Okumura K., Hasegawa A., Koyama K., Suri A.
Biochem. J. 389:73-82(2005) [PubMed: 15693750] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SPAG9.
[11]"Nuclear factor of activated T3 is a negative regulator of Ras-JNK1/2-AP-1 induced cell transformation."
Yao K., Cho Y.-Y., Bergen H.R. III, Madden B.J., Choi B.Y., Ma W.-Y., Bode A.M., Dong Z.
Cancer Res. 67:8725-8735(2007) [PubMed: 17875713] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH NFATC4.
[12]"Global survey of phosphotyrosine signaling identifies oncogenic kinases in lung cancer."
Rikova K., Guo A., Zeng Q., Possemato A., Yu J., Haack H., Nardone J., Lee K., Reeves C., Li Y., Hu Y., Tan Z., Stokes M., Sullivan L., Mitchell J., Wetzel R., Macneill J., Ren J.M. expand/collapse author list , Yuan J., Bakalarski C.E., Villen J., Kornhauser J.M., Smith B., Li D., Zhou X., Gygi S.P., Gu T.-L., Polakiewicz R.D., Rush J., Comb M.J.
Cell 131:1190-1203(2007) [PubMed: 18083107] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-185, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[13]"Proteomics analysis of protein kinases by target class-selective prefractionation and tandem mass spectrometry."
Wissing J., Jaensch L., Nimtz M., Dieterich G., Hornberger R., Keri G., Wehland J., Daub H.
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6:537-547(2007) [PubMed: 17192257] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-183 AND TYR-185, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[14]"An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells."
Heibeck T.H., Ding S.-J., Opresko L.K., Zhao R., Schepmoes A.A., Yang F., Tolmachev A.V., Monroe M.E., Camp D.G. II, Smith R.D., Wiley H.S., Qian W.-J.
J. Proteome Res. 8:3852-3861(2009) [PubMed: 19534553] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-185, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
Tissue: Mammary epithelium.
[15]"The crystal structure of JNK2 reveals conformational flexibility in the MAP kinase insert and indicates its involvement in the regulation of catalytic activity."
Shaw D., Wang S.M., Villasenor A.G., Tsing S., Walter D., Browner M.F., Barnett J., Kuglstatter A.
J. Mol. Biol. 383:885-893(2008) [PubMed: 18801372] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.14 ANGSTROMS) OF 7-362.
[16]"Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes."
Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. expand/collapse author list , Choudhury B., Clements J., Cole J., Dicks E., Forbes S., Gray K., Halliday K., Harrison R., Hills K., Hinton J., Jenkinson A., Jones D., Menzies A., Mironenko T., Perry J., Raine K., Richardson D., Shepherd R., Small A., Tofts C., Varian J., Webb T., West S., Widaa S., Yates A., Cahill D.P., Louis D.N., Goldstraw P., Nicholson A.G., Brasseur F., Looijenga L., Weber B.L., Chiew Y.-E., DeFazio A., Greaves M.F., Green A.R., Campbell P., Birney E., Easton D.F., Chenevix-Trench G., Tan M.-H., Khoo S.K., Teh B.T., Yuen S.T., Leung S.Y., Wooster R., Futreal P.A., Stratton M.R.
Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed: 17344846] [Abstract]
Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] MET-13; ASN-56; THR-246 AND ILE-366.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

L31951 mRNA. Translation: AAA56831.1.
U09759 mRNA. Translation: AAA74740.1.
U34821 mRNA. Translation: AAC50606.1.
U35002 mRNA. Translation: AAC50608.1.
U35003 mRNA. Translation: AAC50609.1.
CR536580 mRNA. Translation: CAG38817.1.
AK289638 mRNA. Translation: BAF82327.1.
DQ066599 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAY46156.1.
CH471165 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW53759.1.
BC032539 mRNA. Translation: AAH32539.1.
IPIIPI00024673.
IPI00220382.
IPI00220383.
IPI00303550.
PIRA55480.
S71102.
RefSeqNP_001128516.1.
NP_002743.3.
NP_620707.1.
NP_620708.1.
NP_620709.1.
UniGeneHs.654461

3D structure databases

EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
3E7OX-ray2.14A/B7-362[»]
SMRP45984. Positions 7-362.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIPDIP:270N.
DIP:281N.
IntActP45984. 19 interactions.
STRINGP45984.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteP45984.

2-D gel databases

REPRODUCTION-2DPAGEP45984.

Proteomic databases

PRIDEP45984.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENST00000343111; ENSP00000345524; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000347470; ENSP00000321410; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000393360; ENSP00000377028; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000393362; ENSP00000377029; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000425491; ENSP00000397422; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000452135; ENSP00000394560; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
ENST00000455781; ENSP00000389338; ENSG00000050748; Homo sapiens. [Genome view]
GeneID5601.
KEGGhsa:5601.
UCSCuc003mls.2. human.
uc003mlt.2. human.
uc003mlu.2. human.
uc003mlv.2. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD5601.
GeneCardsGC05M179595.
H-InvDBHIX0005495.
HGNCHGNC:6886. MAPK9.
HPACAB008910.
MIM602896. gene.
PharmGKBPA30630.
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

HOVERGENP45984.
OMANGVVKDQ.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA2.7.11.24. 247.
Pathway_Interaction_DBcd8tcrdownstreampathway. Downstream signaling in naive CD8+ T cells.
foxopathway. FoxO family signaling.
glypican_3pathway. Glypican 3 network.
il12_stat4pathway. IL12 signaling mediated by STAT4.
il2_1pathway. IL2-mediated signaling events.
p75ntrpathway. p75(NTR)-mediated signaling.
nfat_3pathway. Role of Calcineurin-dependent NFAT signaling in lymphocytes.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressP45984.
BgeeP45984.
CleanExHS_MAPK9.
GenevestigatorP45984.
GermOnlineENSG00000050748. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR008351. JNK_MAPK.
IPR003527. MAP_kinase_CS.
IPR000719. Prot_kinase_core.
IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS.
IPR017442. Se/Thr_pkinase-rel.
IPR008271. Ser_thr_pkin_AS.
IPR002290. Ser_thr_pkinase.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR01772. JNKMAPKINASE.
ProDomPD000001. Prot_kinase. 2 hits.
[Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
SMARTSM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PROSITEPS01351. MAPK. 1 hit.
PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. False negative.
PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit.
PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio21752.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameMK09_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P45984
Secondary accession number(s): A8K0S3 expand/collapse secondary AC list , Q15708, Q15710, Q15711, Q8N5C5
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: November 1, 1995
Last sequence update: January 24, 2006
Last modified: November 3, 2009
This is version 107 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

Relevant documents

Human chromosome 5

Human chromosome 5: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

Human and mouse protein kinases

Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents