Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P43309 (PPO_MALDO)

Names and origin

Protein names	Recommended name:     Polyphenol oxidase, chloroplastic       Short name=PPO     EC=1.10.3.1 Alternative name(s):     Catechol oxidase
Organism	Malus domestica (Apple) (Malus sylvestris)
Taxonomic identifier	3750 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineage	Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids I › Rosales › Rosaceae › Maloideae › Malus

Protein attributes

Sequence length	593 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Catalyzes the oxidation of mono- and o-diphenols to o-diquinones.
Catalytic activity	2 catechol + O2 = 2 1,2-benzoquinone + 2 H2O.
Cofactor	Binds 2 copper ions per subunit By similarity.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast thylakoid lumen.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the tyrosinase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	Copper Metal-binding
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
PTM	Disulfide bond Thioether bond
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast thylakoid lumen Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	catechol oxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC copper ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – 89	89	Chloroplast Potential
	Chain	90 – 593	504	Polyphenol oxidase, chloroplastic		PRO_0000035916
Sites
	Metal binding	175	1	Copper A By similarity
	Metal binding	196	1	Copper A By similarity
	Metal binding	205	1	Copper A By similarity
	Metal binding	327	1	Copper B By similarity
	Metal binding	331	1	Copper B By similarity
	Metal binding	361	1	Copper B By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	100 ↔ 115		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	114 ↔ 176		By similarity
	Cross-link	179 ↔ 196		2'-(S-cysteinyl)-histidine (Cys-His) By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P43309-1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1995. Version 1. Checksum: 545296ADB9DD13B9	FASTA	593	65,721
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTSLSPPVVT TPTVPNPATK PLSPFSQNNS QVSLLTKPKR SFARKVSCKA TNNDQNDQAQ 70 80 90 100 110 120 SKLDRRNVLL GLGGLYGVAG MGTDPFAFAK PIAPPDVSKC GPADLPQGAV PTNCCPPPST 130 140 150 160 170 180 KIIDFKLPAP AKLRIRPPAH AVDQAYRDKY YKAMELMKAL PDDDPRSFKQ QAAVHCAYCD 190 200 210 220 230 240 GAYDQVGFPE LELQIHNSWL FFPFHRYYLY FFEKILGKLI NDPTFALPFW NWDSPAGMPL 250 260 270 280 290 300 PAIYADPKSP LYDKLRSANH QPPTLVDLDY NGTEDNVSKE TTINANLKIM YRQMVSNSKN 310 320 330 340 350 360 AKLFFGNPYR AGDEPDPGGG SIEGTPHAPV HLWTGDNTQP NFEDMGNFYS AGRDPIFFAH 370 380 390 400 410 420 HSNVDRMWSI WKTLGGKRTD LTDSDWLDSG FLFYNENAEL VRVKVRDCLE TKNLGYVYQD 430 440 450 460 470 480 VDIPWLSSKP TPRRAKVALS KVAKKLGVAH AAVASSSKVV AGTEFPISLG SKISTVVKRP 490 500 510 520 530 540 KQKKRSKKAK EDEEEILVIE GIEFDRDVAV KFDVYVNDVD DLPSGPDKTE FAGSFVSVPH 550 560 570 580 590 SHKHKKKMNT ILRLGLTDLL EEIEAEDDDS VVVTLVPKFG AVKIGGIKIE FAS

References

[1]	"An apple polyphenol oxidase cDNA is up-regulated in wounded tissues." Boss P.K., Gardner R.C., Janssen B.-J., Ross G.S. Plant Mol. Biol. 27:429-433(1995) [PubMed: 7888632] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Skin.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	L29450 mRNA. Translation: AAA69902.1.
PIR	S52984.
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.10.3.1. 66979.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR008922. Di-copper_centre. IPR016213. Polyphenol_Oxase_pln. IPR002227. Tyrosinase. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.1280.10. Di-copper_centre. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00264. Tyrosinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF000290. PPO_plant. 1 hit.
PRINTS	PR00092. TYROSINASE.
PROSITE	PS00497. TYROSINASE_1. 1 hit. PS00498. TYROSINASE_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PPO_MALDO

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P43309

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1995
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1995
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 53 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)