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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P43155 (CACP_HUMAN)

Last modified November 25, 2008. Version 83. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (7) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Carnitine O-acetyltransferase
      Short name=Carnitine acetylase
    EC=2.3.1.7
Alternative name(s):
    Carnitine acetyltransferase
      Short name=CrAT
      Short name=CAT
Gene names
Name: CRAT
Synonyms: CAT1
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length626 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Carnitine acetylase is specific for short chain fatty acids. Carnitine acetylase seems to affect the flux through the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex. It may be involved as well in the transport of acetyl-CoA into mitochondria.

Catalytic activity

Acetyl-CoA + carnitine = CoA + O-acetylcarnitine.

Subunit structure

Monomer.

Subcellular location

Endoplasmic reticulumPotential. PeroxisomePotential. Mitochondrion inner membrane; Peripheral membrane protein; Matrix sidePotential.

Tissue specificity

Mostly in skeletal muscle, less in heart, liver and pancreas, only weakly detectable in brain, placenta, lung and kidney.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the carnitine/choline acetyltransferase family.

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform 1 (identifier: P43155-1)

Also known as: SM-1400;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Notes: May be mitochondrial.
Isoform 2 (identifier: P43155-2)

Also known as: SM-1200;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-21: Missing.
Notes: May be peroxisomal. No experimental confirmation available.
Isoform 3 (identifier: P43155-3)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     282-363: Missing.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 626626Carnitine O-acetyltransferase
PRO_0000210172

Regions

Region418 – 43013Coenzyme A binding By similarity
Motif624 – 6263Microbody targeting signal Potential

Sites

Active site3431Proton acceptor Probable
Binding site4521Carnitine
Binding site4541Carnitine
Binding site4651Carnitine

Natural variations

Alternative sequence1 – 2121Missing in isoform 2.
VSP_000792
Alternative sequence282 – 36382Missing in isoform 3.
VSP_012798
Natural variant3721L → M: dbSNP rs3118635.
VAR_047780
Natural variant6241A → P: dbSNP rs17459086.
VAR_047781

Experimental info

Mutagenesis4521Y → A: Increases the KM for carnitine 100-fold
Mutagenesis4521Y → F: Increases the KM for carnitine 320-fold and reduces enzyme activity 10000-fold
Mutagenesis4651T → A: Increases the KM for carnitine almost 70-fold and reduces enzyme activity 450-fold
Mutagenesis5181R → Q: Increases the KM for carnitine 230-fold and reduces enzyme activity almost 100-fold
Mutagenesis5661F → A: Increases the KM for carnitine 18-fold and reduces enzyme activity 100-fold
Mutagenesis5661F → Y: No effect
Sequence conflict881E → G in CAA55359. Ref.5
Sequence conflict3491P → F in CAA55359. Ref.5
Sequence conflict5171D → G in CAA55359. Ref.5
Sequence conflict5341M → T in CAA55359. Ref.5

Secondary structure

....................................................................................... 626
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform 1 (SM-1400) [UniParc].

Last modified November 25, 2008. Version 5.
Checksum: 51B65E7C94E458D7

FASTA62670,858
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MLAFAARTVV KPLGFLKPFS LMKASSRFKA HQDALPRLPV PPLQQSLDHY LKALQPIVSE 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
EEWAHTKQLV DEFQASGGVG ERLQKGLERR ARKTENWLSE WWLKTAYLQY RQPVVIYSSP 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
GVMLPKQDFV DLQGQLRFAA KLIEGVLDFK VMIDNETLPV EYLGGKPLCM NQYYQILSSC 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
RVPGPKQDTV SNFSKTKKPP THITVVHNYQ FFELDVYHSD GTPLTADQIF VQLEKIWNSS 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
LQTNKEPVGI LTSNHRNSWA KAYNTLIKDK VNRDSVRSIQ KSIFTVCLDA TMPRVSEDVY 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
RSHVAGQMLH GGGSRLNSGN RWFDKTLQFI VAEDGSCGLV YEHAAAEGPP IVTLLDYVIE 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
YTKKPELVRS PLVPLPMPKK LRFNITPEIK SDIEKAKQNL SIMIQDLDIT VMVFHHFGKD 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
FPKSEKLSPD AFIQMALQLA YYRIYGQACA TYESASLRMF HLGRTDTIRS ASMDSLTFVK 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
AMDDSSVTEH QKVELLRKAV QAHRGYTDRA IRGEAFDRHL LGLKLQAIED LVSMPDIFMD 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
TSYAIAMHFH LSTSQVPAKT DCVMFFGPVV PDGYGVCYNP MEAHINFSLS AYNSCAETNA 

       610        620 
ARLAHYLEKA LLDMRALLQS HPRAKL 

« Hide

Isoform 2 (SM-1200) [UniParc].

Checksum: 915540218D46D9C7
Show »

60568,569
Isoform 3 [UniParc].

Checksum: 2AD5B9AA49773E5C
Show »

54461,870

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector."
Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A.
Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3), VARIANT MET-372.
[2]"DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 9."
Humphray S.J., Oliver K., Hunt A.R., Plumb R.W., Loveland J.E., Howe K.L., Andrews T.D., Searle S., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Jones M.C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Babbage S., Bagguley C.L. expand/collapse author list , Bailey J.,