Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P43003 (EAA1_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Excitatory amino acid transporter 1
Alternative name(s):
    Sodium-dependent glutamate/aspartate transporter 1
      Short name=GLAST-1
    Solute carrier family 1 member 3

Gene names

Name:	SLC1A3
Synonyms:	EAAT1, GLAST, GLAST1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	542 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Transports L-glutamate and also L- and D-aspartate. Essential for terminating the postsynaptic action of glutamate by rapidly removing released glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Acts as a symport by cotransporting sodium.
Subcellular location	Membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Tissue specificity	Highly expressed in cerebellum, but also found in frontal cortex, hippocampus and basal ganglia.
Post-translational modification	Glycosylated.
Involvement in disease	Defects in SLC1A3 are the cause of episodic ataxia type 6 (EA6) [MIM:612656]. EA6 is characterized by episodic ataxia, seizures, migraine and alternating hemiplegia. Ref.6
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the sodium:dicarboxylate (SDF) symporter (TC 2.A.23) family. [View classification]

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Symport Transport
Cellular component	Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Disease	Disease mutation
Domain	Transmembrane
PTM	Glycoprotein Phosphoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	dicarboxylic acid transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro neurotransmitter uptake Ref.4 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Cellular component	integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW membrane fraction Ref.2 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Molecular function	sodium:dicarboxylate symporter activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 542	542	Excitatory amino acid transporter 1		PRO_0000202057
Regions
	Topological domain	1 – 47	47	Cytoplasmic Potential
	Transmembrane	48 – 68	21	Potential
	Transmembrane	91 – 111	21	Potential
	Transmembrane	123 – 145	23	Potential
	Topological domain	146 – 237	92	Extracellular Potential
	Transmembrane	238 – 260	23	Potential
	Transmembrane	281 – 302	22	Potential
	Transmembrane	319 – 340	22	Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Modified residue	512	1	Phosphoserine Ref.5
Natural variations
	Natural variant	219	1	E → D: dbSNP rs2032892.		VAR_011877
	Natural variant	290	1	P → R in EA6. Ref.6		VAR_031733
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	366	1	S → CT Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P43003-1 [UniParc]. Last modified November 1, 1995. Version 1. Checksum: 6E9F62D35A3A5A29	FASTA	542	59,572
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTKSNGEEPK MGGRMERFQQ GVRKRTLLAK KKVQNITKED VKSYLFRNAF VLLTVTAVIV 70 80 90 100 110 120 GTILGFTLRP YRMSYREVKY FSFPGELLMR MLQMLVLPLI ISSLVTGMAA LDSKASGKMG 130 140 150 160 170 180 MRAVVYYMTT TIIAVVIGII IVIIIHPGKG TKENMHREGK IVRVTAADAF LDLIRNMFPP 190 200 210 220 230 240 NLVEACFKQF KTNYEKRSFK VPIQANETLV GAVINNVSEA METLTRITEE LVPVPGSVNG 250 260 270 280 290 300 VNALGLVVFS MCFGFVIGNM KEQGQALREF FDSLNEAIMR LVAVIMWYAP VGILFLIAGK 310 320 330 340 350 360 IVEMEDMGVI GGQLAMYTVT VIVGLLIHAV IVLPLLYFLV TRKNPWVFIG GLLQALITAL 370 380 390 400 410 420 GTSSSSATLP ITFKCLEENN GVDKRVTRFV LPVGATINMD GTALYEALAA IFIAQVNNFE 430 440 450 460 470 480 LNFGQIITIS ITATAASIGA AGIPQAGLVT MVIVLTSVGL PTDDITLIIA VDWFLDRLRT 490 500 510 520 530 540 TTNVLGDSLG AGIVEHLSRH ELKNRDVEMG NSVIEENEMK KPYQLIAQDN ETEKPIDSET KM

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and characterization of a glutamate transporter cDNA from human cerebellum." Shashidharan P., Plaitakis A. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1216:161-164(1993) [PubMed: 8218410] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Cerebellum.
[2]	"Functional comparisons of three glutamate transporter subtypes cloned from human motor cortex." Arriza J.L., Fairman W.A., Wendy A., Wadiche J.I., Murdoch G.H., Kavanaugh M.P., Amara S.G. J. Neurosci. 14:5559-5569(1994) [PubMed: 7521911] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Brain cortex.
[3]	"Cloning and expression of a human glutamate transporter." Kawakami H., Tanaka K., Nakayama T., Inoue K., Nakamura S. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 199:171-176(1994) [PubMed: 8123008] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[4]	"Human high affinity, Na(+)-dependent L-glutamate/L-aspartate transporter GLAST-1 (EAAT-1): gene structure and localization to chromosome 5p11-p12." Stoffel W., Sasse J., Dueker M., Mueller R., Hofmann K.O., Fink T., Lichter P. FEBS Lett. 386:189-193(1996) [PubMed: 8647279] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-512, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[6]	"Mutation in the glutamate transporter EAAT1 causes episodic ataxia, hemiplegia, and seizures." Jen J.C., Wan J., Palos T.P., Howard B.D., Baloh R.W. Neurology 65:529-534(2005) [PubMed: 16116111] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT EA6 ARG-290.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

GeneReviews

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	L19158 mRNA. No translation available. U03504 mRNA. Translation: AAA50428.1. D26443 mRNA. Translation: BAA05462.1. Z31713 , Z31703, Z31704, Z31705, Z31706, Z31707, Z31708, Z31709, Z31710 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA83507.1.
IPI	IPI00015473.
PIR	S38353.
RefSeq	NP_004163.3.
UniGene	Hs.481918
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	P43003. 1 interaction.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P43003.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P43003.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000079215. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	6507.
KEGG	hsa:6507.
Organism-specific databases
GeneCards	GC05P036642.
HGNC	HGNC:10941. SLC1A3.
HPA	CAB002573.
MIM	600111. gene. 612656. phenotype.
PharmGKB	PA35828.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	P43003.
HOVERGEN	P43003.
OMA	P43003. KENMHRE.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_13685. Synaptic Transmission.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P43003.
Bgee	P43003.
CleanEx	HS_SLC1A3.
GermOnline	ENSG00000079215. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001991. Na-dicarboxylate_symporter. IPR018107. Na-dicarboxylate_symporter_CS. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR11958. Na/diCO_symport. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00375. SDF. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00173. EDTRNSPORT.
PROSITE	PS00713. NA_DICARBOXYL_SYMP_1. 1 hit. PS00714. NA_DICARBOXYL_SYMP_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
DrugBank	DB00142. L-Glutamic Acid.
NextBio	25301.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

EAA1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P43003

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1995
Last sequence update:	November 1, 1995
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 80 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)