P42263 (GRIA3_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 1, 2013.
Version 136.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Glutamate receptor 3 Short name=GluR-3 Alternative name(s): AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 3 GluR-C GluR-K3 Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 3 Short name=GluA3 | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 894 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate. Ref.6 |
| Subunit structure | Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. Interacts with PRKCABP, GRIP1 and GRIP2 By similarity. Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA2, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5 By similarity. |
| Subcellular location | Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction › synapse › postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: Interaction with CNIH2 and CNIH3 promotes cell surface expression By similarity. |
| Post-translational modification | Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-621 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-847 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis By similarity. |
| Involvement in disease | Mental retardation, X-linked 94 (MRX94) [MIM:300699]: A disorder characterized by significantly below average general intellectual functioning associated with impairments in adaptative behavior and manifested during the developmental period. Intellectual deficiency is the only primary symptom of non-syndromic X-linked mental retardation, while syndromic mental retardation presents with associated physical, neurological and/or psychiatric manifestations. MRX94 patients have moderate mental retardation. Other variable features are macrocephaly, seizures, myoclonic jerks, autistic behavior, asthenic body habitus, distal muscle weakness and hyporeflexia. |
| Miscellaneous | The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA3 subfamily. [View classification] |
| Caution | It is uncertain whether Met-1 or Met-7 is the initiator. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform Flop (identifier: P42263-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform Flip (identifier: P42263-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 776-777: NA → TP 786-786: N → S 790-790: L → I 807-811: SGGGD → AKDSG |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Signal peptide | 1 – 28 | 28 | Potential | ||||||||
| Chain | 29 – 894 | 866 | Glutamate receptor 3 | PRO_0000011536 | |||||||
Regions | |||||||||||
| Topological domain | 29 – 552 | 524 | Extracellular By similarity | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 553 – 573 | 21 | Helical; By similarity | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 574 – 602 | 29 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||||
| Intramembrane | 603 – 618 | 16 | Helical; Pore-forming; By similarity | ||||||||
| Intramembrane | 619 – 621 | 3 | By similarity | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 622 – 627 | 6 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 628 – 648 | 21 | Helical; By similarity | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 649 – 823 | 175 | Extracellular By similarity | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 824 – 844 | 21 | Helical; By similarity | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 845 – 894 | 50 | Cytoplasmic By similarity | ||||||||
| Region | 508 – 510 | 3 | Glutamate binding By similarity | ||||||||
| Region | 686 – 687 | 2 | Glutamate binding By similarity | ||||||||
Sites | |||||||||||
| Binding site | 480 | 1 | Glutamate By similarity | ||||||||
| Binding site | 515 | 1 | Glutamate By similarity | ||||||||
| Binding site | 737 | 1 | Glutamate By similarity | ||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||
| Modified residue | 877 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 887 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine By similarity | ||||||||
| Lipidation | 621 | 1 | S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity | ||||||||
| Lipidation | 847 | 1 | S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 63 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 266 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 380 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 415 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Glycosylation | 422 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 91 ↔ 340 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 750 ↔ 805 | By similarity | |||||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 776 – 777 | 2 | NA → TP in isoform Flip. | VSP_000115 | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 786 | 1 | N → S in isoform Flip. | VSP_000116 | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 790 | 1 | L → I in isoform Flip. | VSP_000117 | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 807 – 811 | 5 | SGGGD → AKDSG in isoform Flip. | VSP_000118 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 450 | 1 | R → Q in MRX94. Ref.7 | VAR_043484 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 525 | 1 | F → L. Ref.1 Ref.3 Corresponds to variant rs1052538 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_023579 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 631 | 1 | R → S in MRX94; homomers have minimal or no current; heteromers have altered desensitization kinetics. Ref.7 | VAR_043485 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 706 | 1 | M → T in MRX94; homomers have minimal or no current; heteromers have altered desensitization kinetics. Ref.7 | VAR_043486 | |||||||
| Natural variant | 833 | 1 | G → R in MRX94; reduced receptor expression possibly due to rapid degradation. Ref.7 | VAR_043487 | |||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 775 | 1 | R → G Ref.1 | ||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 775 | 1 | R → G Ref.2 | ||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Human glutamate receptor hGluR3 flip and flop isoforms: cloning and sequencing of the cDNAs and primary structure of the proteins." Rampersad V., Elliott C.E., Nutt S.L., Foldes R.L., Kamboj R.K. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1219:563-566(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS FLIP AND FLOP), VARIANT LEU-525. Tissue: Hippocampus. |
| [2] | McLaughlin D.P., Kerwin R.W. Submitted (OCT-1994) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Brain. |
| [3] | "Candidate gene analysis in Rett syndrome and the identification of 21 SNPs in Xq." Amir R., Dahle E.J., Toriolo D., Zoghbi H.Y. Am. J. Med. Genet. 90:69-71(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT LEU-525. |
| [4] | "The DNA sequence of the human X chromosome." Ross M.T., Grafham D.V., Coffey A.J., Scherer S., McLay K., Muzny D., Platzer M., Howell G.R., Burrows C., Bird C.P., Frankish A., Lovell F.L., Howe K.L., Ashurst J.L., Fulton R.S., Sudbrak R., Wen G., Jones M.C. Bentley D.R.Nature 434:325-337(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "Hippocampal AMPA receptor gating controlled by both TARP and cornichon proteins." Kato A.S., Gill M.B., Ho M.T., Yu H., Tu Y., Siuda E.R., Wang H., Qian Y.W., Nisenbaum E.S., Tomita S., Bredt D.S. Neuron 68:1082-1096(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION. |
| [7] | "Mutations in ionotropic AMPA receptor 3 alter channel properties and are associated with moderate cognitive impairment in humans." Wu Y., Arai A.C., Rumbaugh G., Srivastava A.K., Turner G., Hayashi T., Suzuki E., Jiang Y., Zhang L., Rodriguez J., Boyle J., Tarpey P., Raymond F.L., Nevelsteen J., Froyen G., Stratton M., Futreal A., Gecz J. Wang T.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:18163-18168(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MRX94 GLN-450; SER-631; THR-706 AND ARG-833, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS MRX94 SER-631; THR-706 AND ARG-833. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | U10302 mRNA. Translation: AAA67923.1. U10301 mRNA. Translation: AAA67922.1. X82068 mRNA. Translation: CAA57567.1. AF166365 AF166364 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF97857.1.AF167332 AF166375 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF97858.1.AF167332 AF166374 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF97859.1.AL356213 Z82899 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95643.1.AL356213 Z82899 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95644.1.AL590139 Z82899 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95164.1.AL590139 Z82899 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95165.1.Z83848 Z82899 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95709.1.Z83848 Z82899 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95710.1.Z82899 AL035426 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95664.1.Z82899 AL035426 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95665.1.AL035426 AL356213 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95683.1.AL035426 AL356213 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI95684.1.CH471107 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX11865.1. CH471107 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX11867.1. |
| IPI | IPI00219315. IPI00298700. |
| PIR | S49460. S50128. S53696. |
| RefSeq | NP_000819.3. NM_000828.4. NP_015564.4. NM_007325.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.377070. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P42263. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| DIP | DIP-46195N. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000360302. |
Protein family/group databases | |
| TCDB | 1.A.10.1.4. glutamate-gated ion channel (GIC) family of neurotransmitter receptors. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P42263. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 77416864. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | P42263. |
| PRIDE | P42263. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 2892. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000264357; ENSP00000264357; ENSG00000125675. ENST00000371251; ENSP00000360297; ENSG00000125675. ENST00000371256; ENSP00000360302; ENSG00000125675. |
| GeneID | 2892. |
| KEGG | hsa:2892. |
| UCSC | uc004etq.4. human. uc004etr.4. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 2892. |
| GeneCards | GC0XP122318. |
| HGNC | HGNC:4573. GRIA3. |
| HPA | CAB007799. |
| MIM | 300699. phenotype. 305915. gene. |
| neXtProt | NX_P42263. |
| Orphanet | 777. X-linked nonsyndromic intellectual deficit. |
| PharmGKB | PA28968. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG316680. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG051839. |
| InParanoid | P42263. |
| KO | K05199. |
| OMA | MVQQFLQ. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4XKV68. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| Reactome | REACT_13685. Neuronal System. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P42263. |
| Bgee | P42263. |
| CleanEx | HS_GRIA3. |
| Genevestigator | P42263. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000125675. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR001828. ANF_lig-bd_rcpt. IPR019594. Glu_rcpt_Glu/Gly-bd. IPR001320. Iontro_glu_rcpt. IPR001508. NMDA_rcpt. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF01094. ANF_receptor. 1 hit. PF00060. Lig_chan. 1 hit. PF10613. Lig_chan-Glu_bd. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR00177. NMDARECEPTOR. |
| SMART | SM00918. Lig_chan-Glu_bd. 1 hit. SM00079. PBPe. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | P42263. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL3595. |
| ChiTaRS | GRIA3. human. |
| DrugBank | DB00142. L-Glutamic Acid. |
| GenomeRNAi | 2892. |
| NextBio | 11437. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | GRIA3_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P42263 Secondary accession number(s): D3DTF1 Q9HDA2 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome X Human chromosome X: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
