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P42262 (GRIA2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified May 29, 2013. Version 142. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (6) | Third-party data text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
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to top of pageNames·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
Glutamate receptor 2
Short name=GluR-2
Alternative name(s):
AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2
GluR-B
GluR-K2
Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2
Short name=GluA2
Gene names
Name:GRIA2
Synonyms:GLUR2
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length883 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Receptor for glutamate that functions as ligand-gated ion channel in the central nervous system and plays an important role in excitatory synaptic transmission. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist. In the presence of CACNG4 or CACNG7 or CACNG8, shows resensitization which is characterized by a delayed accumulation of current flux upon continued application of glutamate. Ref.7

Subunit structure

Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. May interact with MPP4. Forms a ternary complex with GRIP1 and CSPG4. Interacts with ATAD1 in an ATP-dependent manner. ATAD1-catalyzed ATP hydrolysis disrupts binding to ATAD1 and to GRIP1 and leads to AMPAR complex disassembly By similarity. Interacts with PICK1 (via PDZ domain). Interacts with PRKCABP and GRIP2 By similarity. Interacts with GRIA1 and SYNDIG1 By similarity. Interacts with LRFN1 By similarity. Found in a complex with GRIA1, GRIA3, GRIA4, CNIH2, CNIH3, CACNG2, CACNG3, CACNG4, CACNG5, CACNG7 and CACNG8. Interacts with CACNG5 By similarity. Ref.5 Ref.6

Subcellular location

Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein By similarity. Cell junction › synapse › postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: Interaction with CACNG2, CNIH2 and CNIH3 promotes cell surface expression By similarity.

Post-translational modification

Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-610 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-836 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis By similarity.

Miscellaneous

The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10.1) family. GRIA2 subfamily. [View classification]

RNA editing

Edited at position 607.
Partially edited. Fully edited in the brain. Heteromerically expressed edited GLUR2 (R) receptor complexes are impermeable to calcium, whereas the unedited (Q) forms are highly permeable to divalent ions. Ref.3

Ontologies

Keywords
   Biological processIon transport
Transport
   Cellular componentCell junction
Cell membrane
Endoplasmic reticulum
Membrane
Postsynaptic cell membrane
Synapse
   Coding sequence diversityAlternative splicing
Polymorphism
RNA editing
   DomainSignal
Transmembrane
Transmembrane helix
   Molecular functionIon channel
Ligand-gated ion channel
Receptor
   PTMDisulfide bond
Glycoprotein
Lipoprotein
Palmitate
Phosphoprotein
   Technical term3D-structure
Complete proteome
Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
   Biological_processsynaptic transmission

Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome

   Cellular_componentalpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid selective glutamate receptor complex

Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB

cell junction

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW

endocytic vesicle membrane

Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome

endoplasmic reticulum membrane

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell

postsynaptic membrane

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell

   Molecular_functionalpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity

Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB

extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity

Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: Compara

kainate selective glutamate receptor activity

Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB

Complete GO annotation...

Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform Flop (identifier: P42262-1)

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform Flip (identifier: P42262-2)

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     765-766: NA → TP
     775-775: N → S
     779-779: L → V
     796-800: SGGGD → AKDSG
Isoform 3 (identifier: P42262-3)

Also known as: Long;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     848-883: VAKNAQNINP...NVYGIESVKI → MTLNDAMRNK...GMNVSVTDLS

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide1 – 2424 Potential
Chain25 – 883859Glutamate receptor 2
PRO_0000011532

Regions

Topological domain25 – 543519Extracellular By similarity
Transmembrane544 – 56421Helical; By similarity
Topological domain565 – 59127Cytoplasmic By similarity
Intramembrane592 – 60716Helical; Pore-forming; By similarity
Intramembrane608 – 6103 By similarity
Topological domain611 – 6166Cytoplasmic By similarity
Transmembrane617 – 63721Helical; By similarity
Topological domain638 – 812175Extracellular By similarity
Transmembrane813 – 83321Helical; By similarity
Topological domain834 – 88350Cytoplasmic By similarity
Region499 – 5013Glutamate binding
Region675 – 6762Glutamate binding

Sites

Binding site4711Glutamate
Binding site5061Glutamate
Binding site7261Glutamate

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue6831Phosphoserine; by PKC By similarity
Modified residue7171Phosphoserine; by PKG By similarity
Modified residue8691Phosphotyrosine By similarity
Modified residue8761Phosphotyrosine By similarity
Modified residue8801Phosphoserine By similarity
Lipidation6101S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity
Lipidation8361S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity
Glycosylation2561N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Glycosylation3701N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.6
Glycosylation4061N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Glycosylation4131N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Disulfide bond78 ↔ 330 Ref.6 Ref.8
Disulfide bond739 ↔ 794 Ref.6 Ref.8

Natural variations

Alternative sequence765 – 7662NA → TP in isoform Flip.
VSP_000102
Alternative sequence7751N → S in isoform Flip.
VSP_000103
Alternative sequence7791L → V in isoform Flip.
VSP_000104
Alternative sequence796 – 8005SGGGD → AKDSG in isoform Flip.
VSP_000105
Alternative sequence848 – 88336VAKNA…ESVKI → MTLNDAMRNKARLSITGSTG ENGRVMTPEFPKAVHAVPYV SPGMGMNVSVTDLS in isoform 3.
VSP_029309
Natural variant6071Q → R in RNA edited version. Ref.1 Ref.2
Corresponds to variant rs17850674 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].
VAR_000303
Natural variant6081Q → R. Ref.2
Corresponds to variant rs17850675 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].
VAR_037055

Experimental info

Sequence conflict1401I → V in AAH10574. Ref.2
Sequence conflict2411G → E in AAA58631. Ref.1
Sequence conflict7641R → G in AAA58631. Ref.1

Secondary structure

1 ...................................................................................................................... 883
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform Flop [UniParc].

Last modified October 10, 2002. Version 3.
Checksum: 6DAB96C76D1D8448

FASTA88398,821
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MQKIMHISVL LSPVLWGLIF GVSSNSIQIG GLFPRGADQE YSAFRVGMVQ FSTSEFRLTP 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
HIDNLEVANS FAVTNAFCSQ FSRGVYAIFG FYDKKSVNTI TSFCGTLHVS FITPSFPTDG 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
THPFVIQMRP DLKGALLSLI EYYQWDKFAY LYDSDRGLST LQAVLDSAAE KKWQVTAINV 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
GNINNDKKDE MYRSLFQDLE LKKERRVILD CERDKVNDIV DQVITIGKHV KGYHYIIANL 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
GFTDGDLLKI QFGGANVSGF QIVDYDDSLV SKFIERWSTL EEKEYPGAHT TTIKYTSALT 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
YDAVQVMTEA FRNLRKQRIE ISRRGNAGDC LANPAVPWGQ GVEIERALKQ VQVEGLSGNI 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
KFDQNGKRIN YTINIMELKT NGPRKIGYWS EVDKMVVTLT ELPSGNDTSG LENKTVVVTT 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
ILESPYVMMK KNHEMLEGNE RYEGYCVDLA AEIAKHCGFK YKLTIVGDGK YGARDADTKI 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
WNGMVGELVY GKADIAIAPL TITLVREEVI DFSKPFMSLG ISIMIKKPQK SKPGVFSFLD 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
PLAYEIWMCI VFAYIGVSVV LFLVSRFSPY EWHTEEFEDG RETQSSESTN EFGIFNSLWF 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
SLGAFMQQGC DISPRSLSGR IVGGVWWFFT LIIISSYTAN LAAFLTVERM VSPIESAEDL 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
SKQTEIAYGT LDSGSTKEFF RRSKIAVFDK MWTYMRSAEP SVFVRTTAEG VARVRKSKGK 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
YAYLLESTMN EYIEQRKPCD TMKVGGNLDS KGYGIATPKG SSLRNAVNLA VLKLNEQGLL 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
DKLKNKWWYD KGECGSGGGD SKEKTSALSL SNVAGVFYIL VGGLGLAMLV ALIEFCYKSR 

       850        860        870        880 
AEAKRMKVAK NAQNINPSSS QNSQNFATYK EGYNVYGIES VKI

« Hide

Isoform Flip [UniParc].

Checksum: 882141AC054254F8
Show »

FASTA88398,878
Isoform 3 (Long) [UniParc].

Checksum: 6E668073D621EFBB
Show »

FASTA901100,594

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Primary structure and functional expression of the AMPA/kainate receptor subunit 2 from human brain."
Sun W., Ferrer-Montiel A.V., Montal M.
NeuroReport 5:441-444(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM FLIP), VARIANT ARG-607.
Tissue: Brain.
[2]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM FLOP), VARIANTS ARG-607 AND ARG-608.
Tissue: Brain.
[3]"RNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR6 in human brain tissue."
Paschen W., Hedreen J.C., Ross C.A.
J. Neurochem. 63:1596-1602(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: RNA EDITING OF POSITION 607.
[4]"Glutamatergic plasticity by synaptic delivery of GluR-B(long)-containing AMPA receptors."
Kolleker A., Zhu J.J., Schupp B.J., Qin Y., Mack V., Borchardt T., Koehr G., Malinow R., Seeburg P.H., Osten P.
Neuron 40:1199-1212(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: IDENTIFICATION (ISOFORM 3).
[5]"The PDZ domain of PICK1 differentially accepts protein kinase C-alpha and GluR2 as interacting ligands."
Dev K.K., Nakanishi S., Henley J.M.
J. Biol. Chem. 279:41393-41397(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH PICK1.
[6]"Crystal structure of the GluR2 amino-terminal domain provides insights into the architecture and assembly of ionotropic glutamate receptors."
Clayton A., Siebold C., Gilbert R.J., Sutton G.C., Harlos K., McIlhinney R.A., Jones E.Y., Aricescu A.R.
J. Mol. Biol. 392:1125-1132(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.80 ANGSTROMS) OF 25-412, SUBUNIT, DISULFIDE BOND, GLYCOSYLATION AT ASN-370.
[7]"Discovery of N-[(2S)-5-(6-fluoro-3-pyridinyl)-2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-yl]-2-propanesulfonamide, a novel clinical AMPA receptor positive modulator."
Ward S.E., Harries M., Aldegheri L., Andreotti D., Ballantine S., Bax B.D., Harris A.J., Harker A.J., Lund J., Melarange R., Mingardi A., Mookherjee C., Mosley J., Neve M., Oliosi B., Profeta R., Smith K.J., Smith P.W. expand/collapse author list , Spada S., Thewlis K.M., Yusaf S.P.
J. Med. Chem. 53:5801-5812(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.80 ANGSTROMS) OF 413-795 IN COMPLEX WITH GLUTAMATE AND SYNTHETIC INHIBITOR, FUNCTION.
[8]"Quinazolinedione sulfonamides: a novel class of competitive AMPA receptor antagonists with oral activity."
Koller M., Lingenhoehl K., Schmutz M., Vranesic I.T., Kallen J., Auberson Y.P., Carcache D.A., Mattes H., Ofner S., Orain D., Urwyler S.
Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 21:3358-3361(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.10 ANGSTROMS) OF 413-796 IN COMPLEX WITH GLUTAMATE AND SYNTHETIC INHIBITOR, DISULFIDE BOND.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ		L20814 mRNA. Translation: AAA58631.1.
BC010574 mRNA. Translation: AAH10574.1.
IPIIPI00030882.
IPI00219216.
IPI00871510.
PIRI58181.
RefSeqNP_000817.2. NM_000826.3.
NP_001077088.1. NM_001083619.1.
NP_001077089.1. NM_001083620.1.
UniGeneHs.32763.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj
EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
2WJWX-ray1.80A25-412[»]
2WJXX-ray4.10A/B/C25-412[»]
2XHDX-ray1.80A/B413-795[»]
3R7XX-ray2.10A/B413-796[»]
3RN8X-ray1.70A/B/C413-812[»]
3RNNX-ray1.75A/B/C404-812[»]
3UA8X-ray1.90A413-796[»]
ProteinModelPortalP42262.
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIPDIP-42852N.
IntActP42262. 1 interaction.
MINTMINT-2791741.
STRING9606.ENSP00000264426.

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteP42262.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM23831146.

Proteomic databases

PaxDbP42262.
PRIDEP42262.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENST00000264426; ENSP00000264426; ENSG00000120251.
ENST00000296526; ENSP00000296526; ENSG00000120251.
GeneID2891.
KEGGhsa:2891.
UCSCuc003ipm.4. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD2891.
GeneCardsGC04P158141.
HGNCHGNC:4572. GRIA2.
HPACAB006830.
CAB007812.
CAB012981.
HPA008441.
MIM138247. gene.
neXtProtNX_P42262.
PharmGKBPA28967.
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGNOG316680.
HOGENOMHOG000234372.
HOVERGENHBG051839.
KOK05198.
OMAHAVPYVS.
OrthoDBEOG4TB49K.

Enzyme and pathway databases

ReactomeREACT_13685. Neuronal System.
SignaLinkP42262.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressP42262.
BgeeP42262.
CleanExHS_GRIA2.
GenevestigatorP42262.
GermOnlineENSG00000120251. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR001828. ANF_lig-bd_rcpt.
IPR019594. Glu_rcpt_Glu/Gly-bd.
IPR001320. Iontro_glu_rcpt.
IPR001508. NMDA_rcpt.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF01094. ANF_receptor. 1 hit.
PF00060. Lig_chan. 1 hit.
PF10613. Lig_chan-Glu_bd. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR00177. NMDARECEPTOR.
SMARTSM00918. Lig_chan-Glu_bd. 1 hit.
SM00079. PBPe. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other

BindingDBP42262.
ChEMBLCHEMBL4016.
DrugBankDB00142. L-Glutamic Acid.
EvolutionaryTraceP42262.
GenomeRNAi2891.
NextBio11429.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameGRIA2_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P42262
Secondary accession number(s): Q96FP6
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: November 1, 1995
Last sequence update: October 10, 2002
Last modified: May 29, 2013
This is version 142 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program
DisclaimerAny medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.

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List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

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