Glutamate receptor 2 precursor - Homo sapiens (Human)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Glutamate receptor 2
      Short name=GluR-2
Alternative name(s):
    GluR-B
    GluR-K2
    Glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 2
    AMPA-selective glutamate receptor 2

Gene names

Name:	GRIA2
Synonyms:	GLUR2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

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Protein attributes

Sequence length	883 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

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General annotation (Comments)

Function	Ionotropic glutamate receptor. L-glutamate acts as an excitatory neurotransmitter at many synapses in the central nervous system. Binding of the excitatory neurotransmitter L-glutamate induces a conformation change, leading to the opening of the cation channel, and thereby converts the chemical signal to an electrical impulse. The receptor then desensitizes rapidly and enters a transient inactive state, characterized by the presence of bound agonist.
Subunit structure	Homotetramer or heterotetramer of pore-forming glutamate receptor subunits. Tetramers may be formed by the dimerization of dimers. May interact with MPP4. Forms a ternary complex with GRIP1 and CSPG4. Interacts with PRKCABP, GRIP1 and GRIP2 By similarity.
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction › synapse › postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Post-translational modification	Palmitoylated. Depalmitoylated upon glutamate stimulation. Cys-610 palmitoylation leads to Golgi retention and decreased cell surface expression. In contrast, Cys-836 palmitoylation does not affect cell surface expression but regulates stimulation-dependent endocytosis By similarity.
Miscellaneous	The postsynaptic actions of Glu are mediated by a variety of receptors that are named according to their selective agonists. This receptor binds AMPA (quisqualate) > glutamate > kainate.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glutamate-gated ion channel (TC 1.A.10) family. [View classification]
RNA editing	Edited at position 607. Partially edited. Fully edited in the brain. Heteromerically expressed edited GLUR2 (R) receptor complexes are impermeable to calcium, whereas the unedited (Q) forms are highly permeable to divalent ions.

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Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Ion transport Transport
Cellular component	Cell junction Cell membrane Membrane Postsynaptic cell membrane Synapse
Coding sequence diversity	Alternative splicing Polymorphism RNA editing
Domain	Signal Transmembrane
Molecular function	Ionic channel Receptor
PTM	Glycoprotein Lipoprotein Palmitate Phosphoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	ion transport Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro signal transduction Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc synaptic transmission Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Cellular component	cell junction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW integral to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW postsynaptic membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazole propionate selective glutamate receptor activity Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc extracellular-glutamate-gated ion channel activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro kainate selective glutamate receptor activity Ref.1 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

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Alternative products

This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]

Isoform Flop (identifier: P42262-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

Isoform Flip (identifier: P42262-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 765-766: NA → TP 775-775: N → S 779-779: L → V 796-800: SGGGD → AKDSG

Isoform 3 (identifier: P42262-3) Also known as: Long; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 848-883: VAKNAQNINP...NVYGIESVKI → MTLNDAMRNK...GMNVSVTDLS

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Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 24

24

Potential

Chain

25 – 883

859

Glutamate receptor 2

PRO_0000011532

Regions

Topological domain

25 – 543

519

Extracellular Potential

Transmembrane

544 – 564

21

Potential

Topological domain

565 – 624

60

Cytoplasmic Potential

Transmembrane

625 – 645

21

Potential

Topological domain

646 – 812

167

Extracellular Potential

Transmembrane

813 – 833

21

Potential

Topological domain

834 – 883

50

Cytoplasmic Potential

Region

499 – 501

3

Glutamate binding By similarity

Region

675 – 676

2

Glutamate binding By similarity

Sites

Binding site

506

1

Glutamate By similarity

Binding site

726

1

Glutamate By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

683

1

Phosphoserine; by PKC By similarity

Modified residue

717

1

Phosphoserine; by PKG By similarity

Modified residue

869

1

Phosphotyrosine By similarity

Modified residue

876

1

Phosphotyrosine By similarity

Modified residue

880

1

Phosphoserine By similarity

Lipidation

610

1

S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity

Lipidation

836

1

S-palmitoyl cysteine By similarity

Glycosylation

256

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Glycosylation

370

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Glycosylation

406

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Glycosylation

413

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Natural variations

Alternative sequence

765 – 766

2

NA → TP in isoform Flip.

VSP_000102

Alternative sequence

775

1

N → S in isoform Flip.

VSP_000103

Alternative sequence

779

1

L → V in isoform Flip.

VSP_000104

Alternative sequence

796 – 800

5

SGGGD → AKDSG in isoform Flip.

VSP_000105

Alternative sequence

848 – 883

36

VAKNA…ESVKI → MTLNDAMRNKARLSITGSTG ENGRVMTPEFPKAVHAVPYV SPGMGMNVSVTDLS in isoform 3.

VSP_029309

Natural variant

607

1

Q → R in RNA edited version.

VAR_000303

Natural variant

608

1

Q → R: dbSNP rs17850675.

VAR_037055

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

140

1

I → V in AAH10574. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

241

1

G → E in AAA58631. Ref.1

Sequence conflict

764

1

R → G in AAA58631. Ref.1

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Sequences

Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
Isoform Flop [UniParc]. Last modified October 10, 2002. Version 3. Checksum: 6DAB96C76D1D8448 Show »	FASTA	883	98,821
10 20 30 40 50 60 MQKIMHISVL LSPVLWGLIF GVSSNSIQIG GLFPRGADQE YSAFRVGMVQ FSTSEFRLTP 70 80 90 100 110 120 HIDNLEVANS FAVTNAFCSQ FSRGVYAIFG FYDKKSVNTI TSFCGTLHVS FITPSFPTDG 130 140 150 160 170 180 THPFVIQMRP DLKGALLSLI EYYQWDKFAY LYDSDRGLST LQAVLDSAAE KKWQVTAINV 190 200 210 220 230 240 GNINNDKKDE MYRSLFQDLE LKKERRVILD CERDKVNDIV DQVITIGKHV KGYHYIIANL 250 260 270 280 290 300 GFTDGDLLKI QFGGANVSGF QIVDYDDSLV SKFIERWSTL EEKEYPGAHT TTIKYTSALT 310 320 330 340 350 360 YDAVQVMTEA FRNLRKQRIE ISRRGNAGDC LANPAVPWGQ GVEIERALKQ VQVEGLSGNI 370 380 390 400 410 420 KFDQNGKRIN YTINIMELKT NGPRKIGYWS EVDKMVVTLT ELPSGNDTSG LENKTVVVTT 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILESPYVMMK KNHEMLEGNE RYEGYCVDLA AEIAKHCGFK YKLTIVGDGK YGARDADTKI 490 500 510 520 530 540 WNGMVGELVY GKADIAIAPL TITLVREEVI DFSKPFMSLG ISIMIKKPQK SKPGVFSFLD 550 560 570 580 590 600 PLAYEIWMCI VFAYIGVSVV LFLVSRFSPY EWHTEEFEDG RETQSSESTN EFGIFNSLWF 610 620 630 640 650 660 SLGAFMQQGC DISPRSLSGR IVGGVWWFFT LIIISSYTAN LAAFLTVERM VSPIESAEDL 670 680 690 700 710 720 SKQTEIAYGT LDSGSTKEFF RRSKIAVFDK MWTYMRSAEP SVFVRTTAEG VARVRKSKGK 730 740 750 760 770 780 YAYLLESTMN EYIEQRKPCD TMKVGGNLDS KGYGIATPKG SSLRNAVNLA VLKLNEQGLL 790 800 810 820 830 840 DKLKNKWWYD KGECGSGGGD SKEKTSALSL SNVAGVFYIL VGGLGLAMLV ALIEFCYKSR 850 860 870 880 AEAKRMKVAK NAQNINPSSS QNSQNFATYK EGYNVYGIES VKI « Hide
Isoform Flip [UniParc]. Checksum: 882141AC054254F8 Show »		883	98,878
10 20 30 40 50 60 MQKIMHISVL LSPVLWGLIF GVSSNSIQIG GLFPRGADQE YSAFRVGMVQ FSTSEFRLTP 70 80 90 100 110 120 HIDNLEVANS FAVTNAFCSQ FSRGVYAIFG FYDKKSVNTI TSFCGTLHVS FITPSFPTDG 130 140 150 160 170 180 THPFVIQMRP DLKGALLSLI EYYQWDKFAY LYDSDRGLST LQAVLDSAAE KKWQVTAINV 190 200 210 220 230 240 GNINNDKKDE MYRSLFQDLE LKKERRVILD CERDKVNDIV DQVITIGKHV KGYHYIIANL 250 260 270 280 290 300 GFTDGDLLKI QFGGANVSGF QIVDYDDSLV SKFIERWSTL EEKEYPGAHT TTIKYTSALT 310 320 330 340 350 360 YDAVQVMTEA FRNLRKQRIE ISRRGNAGDC LANPAVPWGQ GVEIERALKQ VQVEGLSGNI 370 380 390 400 410 420 KFDQNGKRIN YTINIMELKT NGPRKIGYWS EVDKMVVTLT ELPSGNDTSG LENKTVVVTT 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILESPYVMMK KNHEMLEGNE RYEGYCVDLA AEIAKHCGFK YKLTIVGDGK YGARDADTKI 490 500 510 520 530 540 WNGMVGELVY GKADIAIAPL TITLVREEVI DFSKPFMSLG ISIMIKKPQK SKPGVFSFLD 550 560 570 580 590 600 PLAYEIWMCI VFAYIGVSVV LFLVSRFSPY EWHTEEFEDG RETQSSESTN EFGIFNSLWF 610 620 630 640 650 660 SLGAFMQQGC DISPRSLSGR IVGGVWWFFT LIIISSYTAN LAAFLTVERM VSPIESAEDL 670 680 690 700 710 720 SKQTEIAYGT LDSGSTKEFF RRSKIAVFDK MWTYMRSAEP SVFVRTTAEG VARVRKSKGK 730 740 750 760 770 780 YAYLLESTMN EYIEQRKPCD TMKVGGNLDS KGYGIATPKG SSLRTPVNLA VLKLSEQGVL 790 800 810 820 830 840 DKLKNKWWYD KGECGAKDSG SKEKTSALSL SNVAGVFYIL VGGLGLAMLV ALIEFCYKSR 850 860 870 880 AEAKRMKVAK NAQNINPSSS QNSQNFATYK EGYNVYGIES VKI « Hide
Isoform 3 (Long) [UniParc]. Checksum: 6E668073D621EFBB Show »		901	100,594
10 20 30 40 50 60 MQKIMHISVL LSPVLWGLIF GVSSNSIQIG GLFPRGADQE YSAFRVGMVQ FSTSEFRLTP 70 80 90 100 110 120 HIDNLEVANS FAVTNAFCSQ FSRGVYAIFG FYDKKSVNTI TSFCGTLHVS FITPSFPTDG 130 140 150 160 170 180 THPFVIQMRP DLKGALLSLI EYYQWDKFAY LYDSDRGLST LQAVLDSAAE KKWQVTAINV 190 200 210 220 230 240 GNINNDKKDE MYRSLFQDLE LKKERRVILD CERDKVNDIV DQVITIGKHV KGYHYIIANL 250 260 270 280 290 300 GFTDGDLLKI QFGGANVSGF QIVDYDDSLV SKFIERWSTL EEKEYPGAHT TTIKYTSALT 310 320 330 340 350 360 YDAVQVMTEA FRNLRKQRIE ISRRGNAGDC LANPAVPWGQ GVEIERALKQ VQVEGLSGNI 370 380 390 400 410 420 KFDQNGKRIN YTINIMELKT NGPRKIGYWS EVDKMVVTLT ELPSGNDTSG LENKTVVVTT 430 440 450 460 470 480 ILESPYVMMK KNHEMLEGNE RYEGYCVDLA AEIAKHCGFK YKLTIVGDGK YGARDADTKI 490 500 510 520 530 540 WNGMVGELVY GKADIAIAPL TITLVREEVI DFSKPFMSLG ISIMIKKPQK SKPGVFSFLD 550 560 570 580 590 600 PLAYEIWMCI VFAYIGVSVV LFLVSRFSPY EWHTEEFEDG RETQSSESTN EFGIFNSLWF 610 620 630 640 650 660 SLGAFMQQGC DISPRSLSGR IVGGVWWFFT LIIISSYTAN LAAFLTVERM VSPIESAEDL 670 680 690 700 710 720 SKQTEIAYGT LDSGSTKEFF RRSKIAVFDK MWTYMRSAEP SVFVRTTAEG VARVRKSKGK 730 740 750 760 770 780 YAYLLESTMN EYIEQRKPCD TMKVGGNLDS KGYGIATPKG SSLRNAVNLA VLKLNEQGLL 790 800 810 820 830 840 DKLKNKWWYD KGECGSGGGD SKEKTSALSL SNVAGVFYIL VGGLGLAMLV ALIEFCYKSR 850 860 870 880 890 900 AEAKRMKMTL NDAMRNKARL SITGSTGENG RVMTPEFPKA VHAVPYVSPG MGMNVSVTDL S « Hide

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References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Primary structure and functional expression of the AMPA/kainate receptor subunit 2 from human brain." Sun W., Ferrer-Montiel A.V., Montal M. NeuroReport 5:441-444(1994) [PubMed: 8003671] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM FLIP), VARIANT ARG-607. Tissue: Brain.
[2]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM FLOP), VARIANTS ARG-607 AND ARG-608. Tissue: Brain.
[3]	"RNA editing of the glutamate receptor subunits GluR2 and GluR6 in human brain tissue." Paschen W., Hedreen J.C., Ross C.A. J. Neurochem. 63:1596-1602(1994) [PubMed: 7523595] [Abstract] Cited for: RNA EDITING OF POSITION 607.
[4]	"Glutamatergic plasticity by synaptic delivery of GluR-B(long)-containing AMPA receptors." Kolleker A., Zhu J.J., Schupp B.J., Qin Y., Mack V., Borchardt T., Koehr G., Malinow R., Seeburg P.H., Osten P. Neuron 40:1199-1212(2003) [PubMed: 14687553] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION OF ISOFORM 3.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

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Cross-references

Sequence databases
	L20814 mRNA. Translation: AAA58631.1. BC010574 mRNA. Translation: AAH10574.1.
PIR	I58181.
RefSeq	NP_000817.2. NP_001077088.1. NP_001077089.1.
UniGene	Hs.32763
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1FTK based on UniProtKB P19491.
SMR	P42262. Positions 413-527, 652-795.
ModBase	Search...
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P42262.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000120251. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
GeneID	2891.
KEGG	hsa:2891.
Organism-specific databases
HGNC	HGNC:4572. GRIA2.
HPA	CAB007812. HPA008441.
MIM	138247. gene.
PharmGKB	PA28967.
GenAtlas	Search...
GeneCards	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	P42262.
HOVERGEN	P42262.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P42262.
CleanEx	HS_GRIA2.
GermOnline	ENSG00000120251. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001828. ANF_lig_bd_rcpt. IPR015683. Glutamate_receptor-rel. IPR001320. Iontro_glu_rcpt. IPR001508. NMDA_rcpt. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR18966. Glut_Rec_Related. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01094. ANF_receptor. 1 hit. PF00060. Lig_chan. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00177. NMDARECEPTOR.
SMART	SM00079. PBPe. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other Resources
DrugBank	DB00142. L-Glutamic Acid.
NextBio	11429.
SOURCE	Search...

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Entry information

Entry name

GRIA2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P42262
Secondary accession number(s): Q96FP6

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1995
Last sequence update:	October 10, 2002
Last modified:	November 25, 2008
This is version 93 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

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Relevant documents

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Human chromosome 4: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

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List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Keywords

Gene Ontology (GO)

Alternative products

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Regions

Sites

Amino acid modifications

Natural variations

Experimental info

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

PTM databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Other Resources

Entry information

Relevant documents