Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7 - Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast)

Preferred order of sections

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7

Alternative name(s):
ATG12-activating enzyme E1 ATG7
Autophagy-related protein 7
Cytoplasm to vacuole targeting protein 2

Gene names

Name:	ATG7
Synonyms:	APG7, CVT2
Ordered Locus Names:	YHR171W

Organism

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

559292 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Fungi › Dikarya › Ascomycota › Saccharomycotina › Saccharomycetes › Saccharomycetales › Saccharomycetaceae › Saccharomyces ›

Protein attributes

Sequence length	630 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	E1-like activating enzyme involved in the 2 ubiquitin-like systems required for cytoplasm to vacuole transport (Cvt) and autophagy. Activates ATG12 for its conjugation with ATG5 and ATG8 for its conjugation with phosphatidylethanolamine. Both systems are needed for the ATG8 association to Cvt vesicles and autophagosomes membranes. Ref.1 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.10 Ref.12 Ref.13
Subunit structure	Homodimer. Interacts with ATG8 through a thioester bond between Cys-507 and the C-terminal 'Gly-116' of ATG8 and with ATG12 through a thioester bond between Cys-507 and the C-terminal 'Gly-186' of ATG12. Interacts also with ATG3. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9
Subcellular location	Cytoplasm Ref.6 Ref.7.
Domain	The C-terminal 40 residues are required for homodimerization, as well as the interactions with ATG3, ATG8 and ATG12; and the C-terminal 17 residues are required for the ATG8 lipidation. The GxGxxG motif is important for the function, possibly through binding with ATP.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the ATG7 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Autophagy Protein transport Transport Ubl conjugation pathway
Cellular component	Cytoplasm
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	C-terminal protein lipidation Inferred from direct assay Ref.13. Source: SGD CVT pathway Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.7 Ref.12. Source: SGD macroautophagy Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.7 Ref.12. Source: SGD mitochondrion degradation Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 19793921. Source: SGD piecemeal microautophagy of nucleus Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 18701704. Source: SGD protein modification by small protein conjugation Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.7. Source: SGD
Cellular_component	cytosol Inferred from direct assay Ref.7. Source: SGD membrane Inferred from direct assay Ref.6. Source: SGD mitochondrion Inferred from direct assay PubMed 14576278 PubMed 16823961. Source: SGD pre-autophagosomal structure Inferred from direct assay PubMed 18497569. Source: SGD
Molecular_function	APG12 activating enzyme activity Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.7. Source: SGD APG8 activating enzyme activity Inferred from mutant phenotype Ref.8. Source: SGD nucleotide binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct
ATG12	P38316	3	EBI-2677,EBI-2692
ATG3	P40344	4	EBI-2677,EBI-3381
ATG8	P38182	3	EBI-2677,EBI-2684

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 630

630

Ubiquitin-like modifier-activating enzyme ATG7

PRO_0000212822

Regions

Region

591 – 630

40

Homodimerization

Motif

331 – 336

6

GXGXXG motif

Sites

Active site

507

1

Glycyl thioester intermediate Probable

Experimental info

Mutagenesis

333

1

G → A: Loss of interaction with ATG8 and ATG12, and no more ATG12-ATG5 conjugate. Defect in Cvt pathway and autophagy. Ref.7 Ref.8

Mutagenesis

507

1

C → A: Loss of interaction with ATG8 and ATG12 and no more formation of ATG12-ATG5 conjugate. Defect in Cvt pathway and autophagy. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.13

Mutagenesis

507

1

C → S: Instead of the formation of an intermediate complex with a thiol ester bond between ATG7 (E1-like enzyme) and ATG8 (substrate) or between ATG7 and ATG12 (substrate), a stable complex with an O-ester bond is formed. No more formation of ATG12-ATG5 conjugate. Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.13

Secondary structure

1

.

630

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence

Length

Mass (Da)

Tools

P38862 [UniParc].

Last modified February 1, 1995. Version 1.
Checksum: 561EEC94F0ED57F5
Show »

FASTA

630

71,428

        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MSSERVLSYA PAFKSFLDTS FFQELSRLKL DVLKLDSTCQ PLTVNLDLHN IPKSADQVPL 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
FLTNRSFEKH NNKRTNEVPL QGSIFNFNVL DEFKNLDKQL FLHQRALECW EDGIKDINKC 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
VSFVIISFAD LKKYRFYYWL GVPCFQRPSS TVLHVRPEPS LKGLFSKCQK WFDVNYSKWV 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
CILDADDEIV NYDKCIIRKT KVLAIRDTST MENVPSALTK NFLSVLQYDV PDLIDFKLLI 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
IRQNEGSFAL NATFASIDPQ SSSSNPDMKV SGWERNVQGK LAPRVVDLSS LLDPLKIADQ 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
SVDLNLKLMK WRILPDLNLD IIKNTKVLLL GAGTLGCYVS RALIAWGVRK ITFVDNGTVS 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
YSNPVRQALY NFEDCGKPKA ELAAASLKRI FPLMDATGVK LSIPMIGHKL VNEEAQHKDF 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
DRLRALIKEH DIIFLLVDSR ESRWLPSLLS NIENKTVINA ALGFDSYLVM RHGNRDEQSS 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
KQLGCYFCHD VVAPTDSLTD RTLDQMCTVT RPGVAMMASS LAVELMTSLL QTKYSGSETT 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
VLGDIPHQIR GFLHNFSILK LETPAYEHCP ACSPKVIEAF TDLGWEFVKK ALEHPLYLEE 

       610        620        630 
ISGLSVIKQE VERLGNDVFE WEDDESDEIA

« Hide

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"A protein conjugation system essential for autophagy." Mizushima N., Noda T., Yoshimori T., Tanaka Y., Ishii T., George M.D., Klionsky D.J., Ohsumi M., Ohsumi Y. Nature 395:395-398(1998) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION. Strain: ATCC 26109 / X2180.
[2]	"Complete nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome VIII." Johnston M., Andrews S., Brinkman R., Cooper J., Ding H., Dover J., Du Z., Favello A., Fulton L., Gattung S., Geisel C., Kirsten J., Kucaba T., Hillier L.W., Jier M., Johnston L., Langston Y., Latreille P. Vaudin M. Science 265:2077-2082(1994) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: ATCC 204511 / S288c / AB972.
[3]	Saccharomyces Genome Database Submitted (DEC-2009) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c.
[4]	"Isolation and characterization of autophagy-defective mutants of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Tsukada M., Ohsumi Y. FEBS Lett. 333:169-174(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[5]	"Isolation and characterization of yeast mutants in the cytoplasm to vacuole protein targeting pathway." Harding T.M., Morano K.A., Scott S.V., Klionsky D.J. J. Cell Biol. 131:591-602(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[6]	"Apg7p/Cvt2p is required for the cytoplasm-to-vacuole targeting, macroautophagy, and peroxisome degradation pathways." Kim J., Dalton V.M., Eggerton K.P., Scott S.V., Klionsky D.J. Mol. Biol. Cell 10:1337-1351(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[7]	"Apg7p/Cvt2p: a novel protein-activating enzyme essential for autophagy." Tanida I., Mizushima N., Kiyooka M., Ohsumi M., Ueno T., Ohsumi Y., Kominami E. Mol. Biol. Cell 10:1367-1379(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, INTERACTION WITH ATG12, MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-333 AND CYS-507.
[8]	"A ubiquitin-like system mediates protein lipidation." Ichimura Y., Kirisako T., Takao T., Satomi Y., Shimonishi Y., Ishihara N., Mizushima N., Tanida I., Kominami E., Ohsumi M., Noda T., Ohsumi Y. Nature 408:488-492(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH ATG8, MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-333 AND CYS-507.
[9]	"The C-terminal region of an Apg7p/Cvt2p is required for homodimerization and is essential for its E1 activity and E1-E2 complex formation." Komatsu M., Tanida I., Ueno T., Ohsumi M., Ohsumi Y., Kominami E. J. Biol. Chem. 276:9846-9854(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: HOMODIMERIZATION, INTERACTION WITH ATG3; ATG8 AND ATG12.
[10]	"Membrane recruitment of Aut7p in the autophagy and cytoplasm to vacuole targeting pathways requires Aut1p, Aut2p, and the autophagy conjugation complex." Kim J., Huang W.-P., Klionsky D.J. J. Cell Biol. 152:51-64(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[11]	"A unified nomenclature for yeast autophagy-related genes." Klionsky D.J., Cregg J.M., Dunn W.A. Jr., Emr S.D., Sakai Y., Sandoval I.V., Sibirny A., Subramani S., Thumm M., Veenhuis M., Ohsumi Y. Dev. Cell 5:539-545(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NOMENCLATURE.
[12]	"The carboxyl terminal 17 amino acids within Apg7 are essential for Apg8 lipidation, but not for Apg12 conjugation." Yamazaki-Sato H., Tanida I., Ueno T., Kominami E. FEBS Lett. 551:71-77(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[13]	"In vivo and in vitro reconstitution of atg8 conjugation essential for autophagy." Ichimura Y., Imamura Y., Emoto K., Umeda M., Noda T., Ohsumi Y. J. Biol. Chem. 279:40584-40592(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-507.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

AB017925 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA33474.1.
U00027 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB68016.1.
BK006934 Genomic DNA. Translation: DAA06864.1.

PIR

S48910.

RefSeq

NP_012041.1. NM_001179302.1.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
2LI5	NMR	-	B	601-630	[»]
3RUI	X-ray	1.91	A	293-630	[»]
3RUJ	X-ray	2.10	A	1-294	[»]
3T7E	X-ray	2.25	A	289-630	[»]
3T7F	X-ray	1.89	A	1-289	[»]
3T7G	X-ray	2.08	A/B	1-289	[»]
3T7H	X-ray	1.60	A/B	1-289	[»]
3VH1	X-ray	3.00	A	1-595	[»]
3VH2	X-ray	3.30	A	1-613	[»]
3VH3	X-ray	2.00	A	295-630	[»]
3VH4	X-ray	2.65	A	295-630	[»]
4GSJ	X-ray	1.70	A	1-289	[»]
4GSK	X-ray	2.90	A/B	1-613	[»]
4GSL	X-ray	2.70	A/B	1-613	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

P38862.

SMR

P38862. Positions 1-630.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP-1196N.

IntAct

P38862. 7 interactions.

MINT

MINT-388374.

STRING

4932.YHR171W.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

P38862.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblFungi

YHR171W; YHR171W; YHR171W.

GeneID

856576.

KEGG

sce:YHR171W.

Organism-specific databases

CYGD

YHR171w.

SGD

S000001214. ATG7.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

COG0476.

GeneTree

ENSGT00390000017509.

HOGENOM

HOG000162379.

KO

K08337.

OMA

PMIGHPV.

OrthoDB

EOG476P7D.

Gene expression databases

Genevestigator

P38862.

GermOnline

YHR171W. Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Family and domain databases

Gene3D

3.40.50.720. 1 hit.

InterPro

IPR006285. Atg7.
IPR009036. Molybdenum_cofac_synth_MoeB.
IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd_dom.
IPR000594. ThiF_NAD_FAD-bd.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR10953:SF3. PTHR10953:SF3. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00899. ThiF. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF69572. MoeB. 1 hit.

TIGRFAMs

TIGR01381. E1_like_apg7. 1 hit.

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

EvolutionaryTrace

P38862.

NextBio

982432.

Entry information

Entry name

ATG7_YEAST

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P38862
Secondary accession number(s): D3DLC0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 1, 1995
Last sequence update:	February 1, 1995
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 110 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Fungal Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

Yeast

Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae): entries, gene names and cross-references to SGD

Yeast chromosome VIII

Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) chromosome VIII: entries and gene names

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Preferred order of sections

Names and origin

Protein attributes

General annotation (Comments)

Ontologies

Binary interactions

With

Entry

#Exp.

IntAct

Notes

Sequence annotation (Features)

Molecule processing

Regions

Sites

Experimental info

Secondary structure

Sequences

References

Cross-references

Sequence databases

3D structure databases

Protein-protein interaction databases

Proteomic databases

Protocols and materials databases

Genome annotation databases

Organism-specific databases

Phylogenomic databases

Gene expression databases

Family and domain databases

Other

Entry information

Relevant documents