Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P37088 (SCNNA_HUMAN)
Last modified
June 16, 2009.
Version 94.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (5) |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha Alternative name(s): Epithelial Na(+) channel subunit alpha Alpha-ENaC SCNEA Nonvoltage-gated sodium channel 1 subunit alpha Alpha-NaCH | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 669 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is not processed. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Sodium permeable non-voltage-sensitive ion channel inhibited by the diuretic amiloride. Mediates the electrodiffusion of the luminal sodium (and water, which follows osmotically) through the apical membrane of epithelial cells. Controls the reabsorption of sodium in kidney, colon, lung and sweat glands. Also plays a role in taste perception. |
| Subunit structure | Heterotetramer of two alpha, one beta and one gamma subunit. A delta subunit can replace the alpha subunit. Interacts with the WW domains of NEDD4, NEDD4L, WWP1 and WWP2. Ref.10 Ref.11 Ref.12 Ref.13 |
| Subcellular location | Apical cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Note: Apical membrane of epithelial cells. |
| Tissue specificity | Highly expressed in kidney and lung. Detected at intermediate levels in pancreas and liver, and at low levels in heart and placenta. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 predominate in all tissues. Expression of isoform 3, isoform 4 and isoform 5 is very low or not detectable, except in lung and heart. Ref.9 |
| Induction | By aldosterone. Ref.8 |
| Post-translational modification | Ubiquitinated; this targets individual subunits for endocytosis and proteasome-mediated degradation By similarity. |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in SCNN1A are a cause of autosomal recessive pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 (PHA1) [MIM:264350]. PHA1 is a rare salt wasting disease resulting from target organ unresponsiveness to mineralocorticoids. There are 2 forms of PHA1: the autosomal recessive form that is severe, and the dominant form which is more milder and due to defects in mineralocorticoid receptor. Autosomal recessive PHA1 is characterized by an often fulminant presentation in the neonatal period with dehydration, hyponatraemia, hyperkalaemia, metabolic acidosis, failure to thrive and weight loss. Ref.15 Ref.17 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the amiloride-sensitive sodium channel family. |
Ontologies
| Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Biological process | Ion transport Sensory transduction Sodium transport Taste Transport |
| Cellular component | Cell membrane Membrane |
| Coding sequence diversity | Alternative splicing Polymorphism |
| Disease | Disease mutation |
| Domain | Transmembrane |
| Ligand | Sodium |
| Molecular function | Ionic channel Sodium channel |
| PTM | Glycoprotein Ubl conjugation |
| Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological process | excretion Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc response to stimulusInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sensory perception of tasteInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW sodium ion transportTraceable author statement. Source: ProtInc |
| Cellular component | apical plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell |
| Molecular function | WW domain binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB sodium ion bindingInferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 5 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P37088-1) Also known as: Alpha ENAC1; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P37088-2) Also known as: Alpha ENAC2; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-1: M → MGMARGSLTRVPGVMGEGTQGPELSLDPDPCSPQSTPGLMKGNKLEEQDPRPLQPIPGLM | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: P37088-3) Also known as: Alpha ENACx; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 229-245: CNQNKSDCFYQTYSSGV → ELLSLPPPDVWKLLYFG 246-669: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: Does not give rise to amiloride-sensitive ion current. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: P37088-4) Also known as: Alpha ENAC-19; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 327-345: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: Amiloride-sensitive ion current is nearly abolished. | ||||||
| Isoform 5 (identifier: P37088-5) Also known as: Alpha ENAC+22; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 454-454: G → GQVRSLTPVIPALWEAEAGGSRG | ||||||
| Note: Does not give rise to amiloride-sensitive ion current. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 669 | 669 | Amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunit alpha | PRO_0000181261 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Topological domain | 1 – 85 | 85 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 86 – 106 | 21 | Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 107 – 562 | 456 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||
| Transmembrane | 563 – 583 | 21 | Potential | ||||||
| Topological domain | 584 – 669 | 86 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Glycosylation | 232 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 293 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 312 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 397 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
| Glycosylation | 511 | 1 | N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 | 1 | M → MGMARGSLTRVPGVMGEGTQ GPELSLDPDPCSPQSTPGLM KGNKLEEQDPRPLQPIPGLM in isoform 2. | VSP_007719 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 229 – 245 | 17 | CNQNK…YSSGV → ELLSLPPPDVWKLLYFG in isoform 3. | VSP_007720 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 246 – 669 | 424 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_007721 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 327 – 345 | 19 | Missing in isoform 4. | VSP_007722 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 454 | 1 | G → GQVRSLTPVIPALWEAEAGG SRG in isoform 5. | VSP_007723 | |||||
| Natural variant | 327 | 1 | G → C in PHA1. Ref.17 | VAR_026518 | |||||
| Natural variant | 402 | 1 | P → H: dbSNP rs13306616. | VAR_052035 | |||||
| Natural variant | 493 | 1 | W → R Rare polymorphism. dbSNP rs5742912. Ref.15 | VAR_015833 | |||||
| Natural variant | 562 | 1 | S → L in PHA1. Ref.15 | VAR_015834 | |||||
| Natural variant | 618 | 1 | C → F: dbSNP rs3741913. | VAR_022142 | |||||
| Natural variant | 663 | 1 | T → A: dbSNP rs2228576. Ref.6 Ref.14 Ref.16 | VAR_015835 | |||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "The lung amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel: biophysical properties, pharmacology, ontogenesis, and molecular cloning." Voilley N., Lingueglia E., Champigny G., Mattei M.-G., Waldmann R., Lazdunski M., Barbry P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 91:247-251(1994) [PubMed: 8278374] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Lung. |
| [2] | "Cloning, expression, and tissue distribution of a human amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel." McDonald F.J., Snyder P.M., McCray P.B. Jr., Welsh M.J. Am. J. Physiol. 266:L728-L734(1994) [PubMed: 8023962] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Tissue: Kidney. |
| [3] | "Structural organisation of the gene encoding the alpha-subunit of the human amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel." Ludwig M., Bolkenius U., Wickert L., Marynen P., Bidlingmaier F. Hum. Genet. 102:576-581(1998) [PubMed: 9654208] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [4] | "Hormonal regulation and genomic organization of the human amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel alpha subunit gene." Chow Y.H., Wang Y., Plumb J., O'Brodovich H., Hu J. Pediatr. Res. 46:208-214(1999) [PubMed: 10447117] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "Upregulated expression of ENaC in human CF nasal epithelium." Bangel N., Dahlhoff C., Sobczak K., Weber W.M., Kusche-Vihrog K. J. Cyst. Fibros. 7:197-205(2008) [PubMed: 17766193] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ALA-663. Tissue: Nasal epithelium. |
| [6] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ALA-663. Tissue: Colon and Lung. |
| [7] | "5' heterogeneity in epithelial sodium channel alpha-subunit mRNA leads to distinct NH2-terminal variant proteins." Thomas C.P., Auerbach S.D., Stokes J.B., Volk K.A. Am. J. Physiol. 274:C1312-C1323(1998) [PubMed: 9612219] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-50, ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2). Tissue: Kidney. |
| [8] | "The alpha-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel is an aldosterone-induced transcript in mammalian collecting ducts, and this transcriptional response is mediated via distinct cis-elements in the 5'-flanking region of the gene." Mick V.E., Itani O.A., Loftus R.W., Husted R.F., Schmidt T.J., Thomas C.P. Mol. Endocrinol. 15:575-588(2001) [PubMed: 11266509] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-50 (ISOFORMS 1 AND 2), INDUCTION. Tissue: Placenta. |
| [9] | "Cloning and functional studies of splice variants of the alpha-subunit of the amiloride-sensitive Na+ channel." Tucker J.K., Tamba K., Lee Y.-J., Shen L.-L., Warnock D.G., Oh Y. Am. J. Physiol. 274:C1081-C1089(1998) [PubMed: 9575806] [Abstract] Cited for: ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORMS 1; 3; 4 AND 5), TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [10] | "Identification of novel human WW domain-containing proteins by cloning of ligand targets." Pirozzi G., McConnell S.J., Uveges A.J., Carter J.M., Sparks A.B., Kay B.K., Fowlkes D.M. J. Biol. Chem. 272:14611-14616(1997) [PubMed: 9169421] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH WWP1 AND WWP2. |
| [11] | "The Nedd4-like protein KIAA0439 is a potential regulator of the epithelial sodium channel." Harvey K.F., Dinudom A., Cook D.I., Kumar S. J. Biol. Chem. 276:8597-8601(2001) [PubMed: 11244092] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH NEDD4 AND NEDD4L. |
| [12] | "Ubiquitin-protein ligase WWP2 binds to and downregulates the epithelial Na(+) channel." McDonald F.J., Western A.H., McNeil J.D., Thomas B.C., Olson D.R., Snyder P.M. Am. J. Physiol. 283:F431-F436(2002) [PubMed: 12167593] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH NEDD4 AND WWP2. |
| [13] | "Serum and glucocorticoid-regulated kinase modulates Nedd4-2-mediated inhibition of the epithelial Na+ channel." Snyder P.M., Olson D.R., Thomas B.C. J. Biol. Chem. 277:5-8(2002) [PubMed: 11696533] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH NEDD4 AND NEDD4L. |
| [14] | "Polymorphisms of amiloride-sensitive sodium channel subunits in five sporadic cases of pseudohypoaldosteronism: do they have pathologic potential?" Arai K., Zachman K., Shibasaki T., Chrousos G.P. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 84:2434-2437(1999) [PubMed: 10404817] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT ALA-663. |
| [15] | "Lung symptoms in pseudohypoaldosteronism type 1 are associated with deficiency of the alpha-subunit of the epithelial sodium channel." Schaedel C., Marthinsen L., Kristoffersson A.-C., Kornfalt R., Nilsson K.O., Orlenius B., Holmberg L. J. Pediatr. 135:739-745(1999) [PubMed: 10586178] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT PHA1 LEU-562, VARIANT ARG-493. |
| [16] | "Novel mutations responsible for autosomal recessive multisystem pseudohypoaldosteronism and sequence variants in epithelial sodium channel alpha-, beta-, and gamma-subunit genes." Saxena A., Hanukoglu I., Saxena D., Thompson R.J., Gardiner R.M., Hanukoglu A. J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 87:3344-3350(2002) [PubMed: 12107247] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT ALA-663. |
| [17] | "Novel mutations in epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) subunit genes and phenotypic expression of multisystem pseudohypoaldosteronism." Edelheit O., Hanukoglu I., Gizewska M., Kandemir N., Tenenbaum-Rakover Y., Yurdakoek M., Zajaczek S., Hanukoglu A. Clin. Endocrinol. (Oxf.) 62:547-553(2005) [PubMed: 15853823] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT PHA1 CYS-327. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| X76180 mRNA. Translation: CAA53773.1. L29007 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA21813.1. Z92978 Z92981 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB07505.1. AF060913 AF060912 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAD28355.1. DQ402522 mRNA. Translation: ABD72218.1. BC006526 mRNA. Translation: AAH06526.2. Different initiation. BC062613 mRNA. Translation: AAH62613.1. U81961 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC31773.1. U81961 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAC31774.1. | |
| IPI | IPI00019931. IPI00334114. IPI00334115. IPI00334116. IPI00334117. |
| PIR | A49585. |
| RefSeq | NP_001029.1. |
| UniGene | Hs.279594 Hs.591047 |
3D structure databases | |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein family/group databases | |
| TCDB | 1.A.6.1.1. epithelial Na+ channel (ENaC) family. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P37088. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | P37088. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENSG00000111319. Homo sapiens. [Contig view] |
| GeneID | 6337. |
| KEGG | hsa:6337. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| GeneCards | GC12M006326. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0010361. |
| HGNC | HGNC:10599. SCNN1A. |
| HPA | HPA012743. HPA012939. |
| MIM | 264350. phenotype. 600228. gene. |
| Orphanet | 171876. Generalized pseudohypoaldosteronism type I. 756. Pseudohypoaldosteronism, type 1. |
| PharmGKB | PA305. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| HOVERGEN | P37088. |
| OMA | P37088. CNQANYS. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P37088. |
| Bgee | P37088. |
| CleanEx | HS_SCNN1A. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000111319. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR004724. EnaC. IPR001873. Na+channel_ASC. [Graphical view] |
| PANTHER | PTHR11690. Na+channel_ASC. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF00858. ASC. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR01078. AMINACHANNEL. |
| TIGRFAMs | TIGR00859. ENaC. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS01206. ASC. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| DrugBank | DB00594. Amiloride. DB00384. Triamterene. |
| NextBio | 24608. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | SCNNA_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P37088 Secondary accession number(s): A5X2U9 Q9UM64 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 12 Human chromosome 12: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


