P36871 (PGM1_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
January 25, 2012.
Version 126.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Phosphoglucomutase-1 Short name=PGM 1 EC=5.4.2.2 Alternative name(s): Glucose phosphomutase 1 | ||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 562 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | This enzyme participates in both the breakdown and synthesis of glucose. |
| Catalytic activity | Alpha-D-glucose 1-phosphate = alpha-D-glucose 6-phosphate. |
| Cofactor | Binds 1 magnesium ion per subunit. |
| Subunit structure | Monomer. |
| Subcellular location | |
| Polymorphism | Many polymorphic variants of PGM1 exist. 8 different alleles are known: PGM1*1+, PGM1*1-, PGM1*2+, PGM1*2-, PGM1*3+, PGM1*3-, PGM1*7+ and PGM1*7-. The sequence of PGM1*1+ is shown here. |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in PGM1 are the cause of glycogen storage disease type 14 (GSD14) [MIM:612934]. A metabolic disorder resulting in a myopathy characterized by exercise-induced intolerance with episodes of rhabdomyolysis, normal elevation of lactate, and hyperammonemia on a forearm-exercise test. Ref.16 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the phosphohexose mutase family. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence AAH90856.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P36871-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P36871-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-13: MVKIVTVKTQAYQ → MSDFEEWISGTYRKMEEGPLPLLTFATAPYH 25-36: RVKVFQSSANYA → KTYYFEEKPCYL 44-56: ISTVEPAQRQEAT → FFSIDLKDRQGSS 65-77: FYMKEAIQLIARI → YFNKSAIETIVQM |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed By similarity | ||||||
| Chain | 2 – 562 | 561 | Phosphoglucomutase-1 | PRO_0000147776 | |||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 117 | 1 | Phosphoserine intermediate By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 117 | 1 | Magnesium; via phosphate group By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 288 | 1 | Magnesium By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 290 | 1 | Magnesium By similarity | ||||||
| Metal binding | 292 | 1 | Magnesium By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 16 | 1 | N6-acetyllysine Ref.12 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 115 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.7 Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 117 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.11 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 353 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.10 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 419 | 1 | N6-acetyllysine Ref.12 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 13 | 13 | MVKIV…TQAYQ → MSDFEEWISGTYRKMEEGPL PLLTFATAPYH in isoform 2. | VSP_004686 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 25 – 36 | 12 | RVKVF…SANYA → KTYYFEEKPCYL in isoform 2. | VSP_004687 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 44 – 56 | 13 | ISTVE…RQEAT → FFSIDLKDRQGSS in isoform 2. | VSP_004688 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 65 – 77 | 13 | FYMKE…LIARI → YFNKSAIETIVQM in isoform 2. | VSP_004689 | |||||
| Natural variant | 68 | 1 | K → M in allele PGM1*7+, allele PGM1*7-, allele PGM1*3+ and allele PGM1*3-. Ref.14 | VAR_006090 | |||||
| Natural variant | 88 | 1 | I → V. Corresponds to variant rs855314 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_050496 | |||||
| Natural variant | 115 | 1 | T → A in GSD14. Ref.16 | VAR_062280 | |||||
| Natural variant | 221 | 1 | R → C in allele PGM1*2+, allele PGM1*2-, allele PGM1*3+ and allele PGM1*3-. Ref.2 Ref.5 Ref.14 Ref.15 Corresponds to variant rs1126728 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_006091 | |||||
| Natural variant | 420 | 1 | Y → H in allele PGM1*1-, allele PGM1*2-, allele PGM1*3- and allele PGM1*7-. Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.5 Ref.14 Ref.15 Corresponds to variant rs11208257 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_006092 | |||||
| Natural variant | 501 | 1 | V → I. Corresponds to variant rs6676290 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_034380 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 134 | 1 | S → C in AAH67763. Ref.5 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Phosphoglucomutase 1: complete human and rabbit mRNA sequences and direct mapping of this highly polymorphic marker on human chromosome 1." Whitehouse D.B., Putt W., Lovegrove J.U., Morrison K.E., Hollyoake M., Fox M.F., Hopkinson D.A., Edwards Y.H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89:411-415(1992) [PubMed: 1530890] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Skeletal muscle. |
| [2] | "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS CYS-221 AND HIS-420. |
| [3] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT HIS-420. |
| [4] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [5] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANTS CYS-221 AND HIS-420. Tissue: Cervix, Hypothalamus, Placenta and Skin. |
| [6] | "Phosphoglucomutase 1: a gene with two promoters and a duplicated first exon." Putt W., Ives J.H., Hollyoake M., Hopkinson D.A., Whitehouse D.B., Edwards Y.H. Biochem. J. 296:417-422(1993) [PubMed: 8257433] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-82. |
| [7] | "Improved titanium dioxide enrichment of phosphopeptides from HeLa cells and high confident phosphopeptide identification by cross-validation of MS/MS and MS/MS/MS spectra." Yu L.-R., Zhu Z., Chan K.C., Issaq H.J., Dimitrov D.S., Veenstra T.D. J. Proteome Res. 6:4150-4162(2007) [PubMed: 17924679] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-115 AND SER-117, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [8] | "Automated phosphoproteome analysis for cultured cancer cells by two-dimensional nanoLC-MS using a calcined titania/C18 biphasic column." Imami K., Sugiyama N., Kyono Y., Tomita M., Ishihama Y. Anal. Sci. 24:161-166(2008) [PubMed: 18187866] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-117, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [9] | "A quantitative atlas of mitotic phosphorylation." Dephoure N., Zhou C., Villen J., Beausoleil S.A., Bakalarski C.E., Elledge S.J., Gygi S.P. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:10762-10767(2008) [PubMed: 18669648] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT THR-115 AND SER-117, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Cervix carcinoma. |
| [10] | "An extensive survey of tyrosine phosphorylation revealing new sites in human mammary epithelial cells." Heibeck T.H., Ding S.-J., Opresko L.K., Zhao R., Schepmoes A.A., Yang F., Tolmachev A.V., Monroe M.E., Camp D.G. II, Smith R.D., Wiley H.S., Qian W.-J. J. Proteome Res. 8:3852-3861(2009) [PubMed: 19534553] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-353, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Mammary epithelium. |
| [11] | "Quantitative phosphoproteomic analysis of T cell receptor signaling reveals system-wide modulation of protein-protein interactions." Mayya V., Lundgren D.H., Hwang S.-I., Rezaul K., Wu L., Eng J.K., Rodionov V., Han D.K. Sci. Signal. 2:RA46-RA46(2009) [PubMed: 19690332] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-117, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Leukemic T-cell. |
| [12] | "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed: 19608861] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-16 AND LYS-419, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [13] | "Initial characterization of the human central proteome." Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T., Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J. BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011) [PubMed: 21269460] [Abstract] Cited for: IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS]. |
| [14] | "Intragenic recombination at the human phosphoglucomutase 1 locus: predictions fulfilled." Takahashi N., Neels J.V. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:10725-10729(1993) [PubMed: 7902567] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS MET-68; CYS-221 AND HIS-420. |
| [15] | "The classical human phosphoglucomutase (PGM1) isozyme polymorphism is generated by intragenic recombination." March R.E., Putt W., Hollyoake M., Ives J.H., Lovegrove J.U., Hopkinson D.A., Edwards Y.H., Whitehouse D.B. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:10730-10733(1993) [PubMed: 7902568] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS CYS-221 AND HIS-420. |
| [16] | "Muscle glycogenosis due to phosphoglucomutase 1 deficiency." Stojkovic T., Vissing J., Petit F., Piraud M., Orngreen M.C., Andersen G., Claeys K.G., Wary C., Hogrel J.Y., Laforet P. N. Engl. J. Med. 361:425-427(2009) [PubMed: 19625727] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT GSD14 ALA-115. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | M83088 mRNA. Translation: AAA60080.1. BT006961 mRNA. Translation: AAP35607.1. AK312254 mRNA. Translation: BAG35186.1. AL109925 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB92085.1. AL109925 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB92086.1. BC001756 mRNA. Translation: AAH01756.3. BC019920 mRNA. Translation: AAH19920.1. BC067763 mRNA. Translation: AAH67763.2. BC090856 mRNA. Translation: AAH90856.1. Different initiation. S67989 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB29177.2. |
| IPI | IPI00217872. IPI00219526. |
| PIR | A41801. |
| RefSeq | NP_001166289.1. NM_001172818.1. NP_001166290.1. NM_001172819.1. NP_002624.2. NM_002633.2. |
| UniGene | Hs.1869. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P36871. |
| SMR | P36871. Positions 2-562. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | P36871. 2 interactions. |
| STRING | P36871. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P36871. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 585670. |
2D gel databases | |
| REPRODUCTION-2DPAGE | P36871. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | P36871. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000371084; ENSP00000360125; ENSG00000079739. |
| GeneID | 5236. |
| KEGG | hsa:5236. |
| NMPDR | fig|9606.3.peg.1283. |
| UCSC | uc001dbh.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 5236. |
| GeneCards | GC01P064058. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0023140. |
| HGNC | HGNC:8905. PGM1. |
| HPA | CAB004666. HPA024190. HPA024637. |
| MIM | 171900. gene. 612934. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_P36871. |
| Orphanet | 711. Glycogen storage disease type 14. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG07740. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG001599. |
| InParanoid | P36871. |
| OMA | SIFFSID. |
| OrthoDB | EOG4G1MG2. |
| PhylomeDB | P36871. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| BioCyc | MetaCyc:MONOMER-13389. |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | hif1_tfpathway. HIF-1-alpha transcription factor network. |
| Reactome | REACT_474. Metabolism of carbohydrates. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P36871. |
| Bgee | P36871. |
| CleanEx | HS_PGM1. |
| Genevestigator | P36871. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000079739. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR005844. A-D-PHexomutase_a/b/a-I. IPR016055. A-D-PHexomutase_a/b/a-I/II/III. IPR005845. A-D-PHexomutase_a/b/a-II. IPR005846. A-D-PHexomutase_a/b/a-III. IPR005843. A-D-PHexomutase_C. IPR016066. A-D-PHexomutase_CS. IPR005841. Alpha-D-phosphohexomutase_SF. [Graphical view] |
| Gene3D | G3DSA:3.40.120.10. A-D-PHexomutase_a/b/a-I/II/III. 3 hits. |
| KO | K01835. |
| Pfam | PF02878. PGM_PMM_I. 1 hit. PF02879. PGM_PMM_II. 1 hit. PF02880. PGM_PMM_III. 1 hit. PF00408. PGM_PMM_IV. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR00509. PGMPMM. |
| SUPFAM | SSF53738. A-D-PHexomutase_a/b/a-I/II/III. 2 hits. |
| PROSITE | PS00710. PGM_PMM. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| NextBio | 20232. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | PGM1_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P36871 Secondary accession number(s): B2R5N9 Q9NTY4 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

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