Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P34881 (DNMT1_ARATH)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1
    EC=2.1.1.37
Alternative name(s):
    DNA methyltransferase 01
    DNA methyltransferase 2
    DNA methyltransferase DDM2
    Protein DECREASED DNA METHYLATION 2
    DNA methyltransferase AthI
      Short name=DNA Metase AthI
      Short name=M.AthI

Gene names

Name:	DMT1
Synonyms:	ATHIM, DDM2, DMT01, MET1, MET2
Ordered Locus Names:	At5g49160
ORF Names:	K21P3.3

Organism

Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

3702 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › rosids › eurosids II › Brassicales › Brassicaceae › Arabidopsis

Protein attributes

Sequence length	1534 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Maintains chromatin CpG methylation that plays a role in genomic imprinting, regulation of embryogenesis and seed viability. Required for proper patterns of CG DNA methylation in dividing cells. Required for MEA promoter methylation in seeds. Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.8 Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.11
Catalytic activity	S-adenosyl-L-methionine + DNA = S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine + DNA containing 5-methylcytosine.
Subcellular location	Nucleus Probable.
Tissue specificity	Expressed in flowers, embryos and endosperm. Ref.9
Disruption phenotype	Late-flowering phenotype caused by ectopic expression of FWA gene. Asymmetric zygote division and abnormal embryos. Displays genome hypomethylation, strong reduction of CpG methylation in centromeric repeats, reduction of heterochromatin and chromocenter size and gametes with fully demethylated and hemidemethylated DNA. Ref.10
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the C5-methyltransferase family. Contains 2 BAH domains.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAX22756.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous gene model prediction.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Nucleus
Domain	Repeat
Ligand	DNA-binding S-adenosyl-L-methionine
Molecular function	Chromatin regulator Methyltransferase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	DNA mediated transformation Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR DNA methylation on cytosine within a CG sequence Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR chromatin modification Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW genetic imprinting Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR maintenance of DNA methylation Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR negative regulation of flower development Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR zygote asymmetric cytokinesis in the embryo sac Ref.10 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: TAIR
Cellular component	nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	DNA (cytosine-5-)-methyltransferase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC DNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW protein binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 1534	1534	DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1		PRO_0000088039
Regions
	Domain	735 – 869	135	BAH 1
	Domain	909 – 1049	141	BAH 2
Sites
	Active site	1198	1	By similarity
Experimental info
	Mutagenesis	1101	1	G → S in met1-2/ddm2-2; reduced activity. Ref.7
	Mutagenesis	1272	1	E → K in met1-5; reduced activity. Ref.6
	Mutagenesis	1300	1	P → S in met1-1/ddm2-1; reduced activity. Ref.7
	Mutagenesis	1465	1	G → E in met1-7; reduced activity. Ref.6
	Sequence conflict	306	1	L → M in AAX22756. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	837	1	W → R in AAX22756. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	901	1	K → R in AAX22756. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	932	1	K → N in BAF01962. Ref.4

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P34881-1 [UniParc]. Last modified February 1, 1994. Version 1. Checksum: 23FC944AA7074C5A	FASTA	1,534	172,431
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MVENGAKAAK RKKRPLPEIQ EVEDVPRTRR PRRAAACTSF KEKSIRVCEK SATIEVKKQQ 70 80 90 100 110 120 IVEEEFLALR LTALETDVED RPTRRLNDFV LFDSDGVPQP LEMLEIHDIF VSGAILPSDV 130 140 150 160 170 180 CTDKEKEKGV RCTSFGRVEH WSISGYEDGS PVIWISTELA DYDCRKPAAS YRKVYDYFYE 190 200 210 220 230 240 KARASVAVYK KLSKSSGGDP DIGLEELLAA VVRSMSSGSK YFSSGAAIID FVISQGDFIY 250 260 270 280 290 300 NQLAGLDETA KKHESSYVEI PVLVALREKS SKIDKPLQRE RNPSNGVRIK EVSQVAESEA 310 320 330 340 350 360 LTSDQLVDGT DDDRRYAILL QDEENRKSMQ QPRKNSSSGS ASNMFYIKIN EDEIANDYPL 370 380 390 400 410 420 PSYYKTSEEE TDELILYDAS YEVQSEHLPH RMLHNWALYN SDLRFISLEL LPMKQCDDID 430 440 450 460 470 480 VNIFGSGVVT DDNGSWISLN DPDSGSQSHD PDGMCIFLSQ IKEWMIEFGS DDIISISIRT 490 500 510 520 530 540 DVAWYRLGKP SKLYAPWWKP VLKTARVGIS ILTFLRVESR VARLSFADVT KRLSGLQAND 550 560 570 580 590 600 KAYISSDPLA VERYLVVHGQ IILQLFAVYP DDNVKRCPFV VGLASKLEDR HHTKWIIKKK 610 620 630 640 650 660 KISLKELNLN PRAGMAPVAS KRKAMQATTT RLVNRIWGEF YSNYSPEDPL QATAAENGED 670 680 690 700 710 720 EVEEEGGNGE EEVEEEGENG LTEDTVPEPV EVQKPHTPKK IRGSSGKREI KWDGESLGKT 730 740 750 760 770 780 SAGEPLYQQA LVGGEMVAVG GAVTLEVDDP DEMPAIYFVE YMFESTDHCK MLHGRFLQRG 790 800 810 820 830 840 SMTVLGNAAN ERELFLTNEC MTTQLKDIKG VASFEIRSRP WGHQYRKKNI TADKLDWARA 850 860 870 880 890 900 LERKVKDLPT EYYCKSLYSP ERGGFFSLPL SDIGRSSGFC TSCKIREDEE KRSTIKLNVS 910 920 930 940 950 960 KTGFFINGIE YSVEDFVYVN PDSIGGLKEG SKTSFKSGRN IGLRAYVVCQ LLEIVPKESR 970 980 990 1000 1010 1020 KADLGSFDVK VRRFYRPEDV SAEKAYASDI QELYFSQDTV VLPPGALEGK CEVRKKSDMP 1030 1040 1050 1060 1070 1080 LSREYPISDH IFFCDLFFDT SKGSLKQLPA NMKPKFSTIK DDTLLRKKKG KGVESEIESE 1090 1100 1110 1120 1130 1140 IVKPVEPPKE IRLATLDIFA GCGGLSHGLK KAGVSDAKWA IEYEEPAGQA FKQNHPESTV 1150 1160 1170 1180 1190 1200 FVDNCNVILR AIMEKGGDQD DCVSTTEANE LAAKLTEEQK STLPLPGQVD FINGGPPCQG 1210 1220 1230 1240 1250 1260 FSGMNRFNQS SWSKVQCEMI LAFLSFADYF RPRYFLLENV RTFVSFNKGQ TFQLTLASLL 1270 1280 1290 1300 1310 1320 EMGYQVRFGI LEAGAYGVSQ SRKRAFIWAA APEEVLPEWP EPMHVFGVPK LKISLSQGLH 1330 1340 1350 1360 1370 1380 YAAVRSTALG APFRPITVRD TIGDLPSVEN GDSRTNKEYK EVAVSWFQKE IRGNTIALTD 1390 1400 1410 1420 1430 1440 HICKAMNELN LIRCKLIPTR PGADWHDLPK RKVTLSDGRV EEMIPFCLPN TAERHNGWKG 1450 1460 1470 1480 1490 1500 LYGRLDWQGN FPTSVTDPQP MGKVGMCFHP EQHRILTVRE CARSQGFPDS YEFAGNINHK 1510 1520 1530 HRQIGNAVPP PLAFALGRKL KEALHLKKSP QHQP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Isolation and identification by sequence homology of a putative cytosine methyltransferase from Arabidopsis thaliana." Finnegan E.J., Dennis E.S. Nucleic Acids Res. 21:2383-2388(1993) [PubMed: 8389441] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[2]	"Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. VIII. Sequence features of the regions of 1,081,958 bp covered by seventeen physically assigned P1 and TAC clones." Asamizu E., Sato S., Kaneko T., Nakamura Y., Kotani H., Miyajima N., Tabata S. DNA Res. 5:379-391(1998) [PubMed: 10048488] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[3]	"Identification of suppressors of transgene silencing in Arabidopsis." Chang S., Pikaard C.S. Submitted (JUL-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-1517. Strain: cv. C24.
[4]	"Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs." Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A., Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y., Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K. , Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y., Shinozaki K. Submitted (JUL-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 932-1534 AND 1371-1534. Strain: cv. Columbia.
[5]	"DNA methylation controls histone H3 lysine 9 methylation and heterochromatin assembly in Arabidopsis." Soppe W.J.J., Jasencakova Z., Houben A., Kakutani T., Meister A., Huang M.S., Jacobsen S.E., Schubert I., Fransz P.F. EMBO J. 21:6549-6559(2002) [PubMed: 12456661] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[6]	"Imprinting of the MEA Polycomb gene is controlled by antagonism between MET1 methyltransferase and DME glycosylase." Xiao W., Gehring M., Choi Y., Margossian L., Pu H., Harada J.J., Goldberg R.B., Pennell R.I., Fischer R.L. Dev. Cell 5:891-901(2003) [PubMed: 14667411] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF GLU-1272 AND GLY-1465.
[7]	"Arabidopsis MET1 cytosine methyltransferase mutants." Kankel M.W., Ramsey D.E., Stokes T.L., Flowers S.K., Haag J.R., Jeddeloh J.A., Riddle N.C., Verbsky M.L., Richards E.J. Genetics 163:1109-1122(2003) [PubMed: 12663548] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-1101 AND PRO-1300.
[8]	"Maintenance of CpG methylation is essential for epigenetic inheritance during plant gametogenesis." Saze H., Mittelsten Scheid O., Paszkowski J. Nat. Genet. 34:65-69(2003) [PubMed: 12669067] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[9]	"Regulation of seed size by hypomethylation of maternal and paternal genomes." Xiao W., Brown R.C., Lemmon B.E., Harada J.J., Goldberg R.B., Fischer R.L. Plant Physiol. 142:1160-1168(2006) [PubMed: 17012404] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[10]	"DNA methylation is critical for Arabidopsis embryogenesis and seed viability." Xiao W., Custard K.D., Brown R.C., Lemmon B.E., Harada J.J., Goldberg R.B., Fischer R.L. Plant Cell 18:805-814(2006) [PubMed: 16531498] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
[11]	"Temporal and spatial downregulation of Arabidopsis MET1 activity results in global DNA hypomethylation and developmental defects." Kim M., Ohr H., Lee J.W., Hyun Y., Fischer R.L., Choi Y. Mol. Cells 26:611-615(2008) [PubMed: 18820427] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	L10692 mRNA. Translation: AAA32829.1. AB016872 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAB10334.1. AY699012 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAX22756.1. Sequence problems. AK229013 mRNA. Translation: BAF00900.1. AK230148 mRNA. Translation: BAF01962.1.
IPI	IPI00536256.
PIR	S59604.
RefSeq	NP_199727.1.
UniGene	At.20294
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1G55 based on UniProtKB O14717.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	P34881.
Proteomic databases
PRIDE	P34881.
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	834975.
GenomeReviews	Gene locus AT5G49160 in contig BA000015_GR.
KEGG	ath:AT5G49160.
NMPDR	fig|3702.1.peg.26755.
Organism-specific databases
TAIR	At5g49160.
Phylogenomic databases
OMA	YEFAGNI.
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	2.1.1.37. 302.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P34881.
Genevestigator	P34881.
GermOnline	AT5G49160. Arabidopsis thaliana.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001025. BAH. IPR001525. C5_DNA_meth. IPR018117. C5_DNA_meth_AS. IPR017198. DNA_C5-MeTrfase_1. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR10629. C5_DNA_meth. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01426. BAH. 2 hits. PF00145. DNA_methylase. 3 hits. [Graphical view]
PIRSF	PIRSF037404. DNMT1. 1 hit.
PRINTS	PR00105. C5METTRFRASE.
SMART	SM00439. BAH. 2 hits. [Graphical view]
TIGRFAMs	TIGR00675. dcm. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS51038. BAH. 2 hits. PS00094. C5_MTASE_1. 1 hit. PS00095. C5_MTASE_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

DNMT1_ARATH

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P34881
Secondary accession number(s): Q0WLP5, Q0WPP9, Q5C994

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 1, 1994
Last sequence update:	February 1, 1994
Last modified:	November 3, 2009
This is version 76 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)