P32259 (MED16_YEAST) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 16

Alternative name(s):
Global transcriptional regulator SIN4
Mediator complex subunit 16
SNF1 suppressor protein 4
SWI4 suppressor protein 5
Transcriptional silencing factor 3
YGP1 expression regulatory protein 1

Gene names

Name:	SIN4
Synonyms:	BEL2, GAL22, MED16, RYE1, SDI3, SSF5, SSN4, TSF3
Ordered Locus Names:	YNL236W
ORF Names:	N1135

Organism

Saccharomyces cerevisiae (strain ATCC 204508 / S288c) (Baker's yeast) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

559292 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Fungi › Dikarya › Ascomycota › saccharomyceta › Saccharomycotina › Saccharomycetes › Saccharomycetales › Saccharomycetaceae › Saccharomyces › Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Protein attributes

Sequence length	974 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Component of the Mediator complex, a coactivator involved in the regulated transcription of nearly all RNA polymerase II-dependent genes. Mediator functions as a bridge to convey information from gene-specific regulatory proteins to the basal RNA polymerase II transcription machinery. The Mediator complex, having a compact conformation in its free form, is recruited to promoters by direct interactions with regulatory proteins and serves for the assembly of a functional preinitiation complex with RNA polymerase II and the general transcription factors. The Mediator complex unfolds to an extended conformation and partially surrounds RNA polymerase II, specifically interacting with the unphosphorylated form of the C-terminal domain (CTD) of RNA polymerase II. The Mediator complex dissociates from the RNA polymerase II holoenzyme and stays at the promoter when transcriptional elongation begins. Ref.15 Ref.16 Ref.17
Subunit structure	Component of the Mediator complex, which is composed of at least 21 subunits that form three structurally distinct submodules. The Mediator head module contains MED6, MED8, MED11, SRB4/MED17, SRB5/MED18, ROX3/MED19, SRB2/MED20 and SRB6/MED22, the middle module contains MED1, MED4, NUT1/MED5, MED7, CSE2/MED9, NUT2/MED10, SRB7/MED21 and SOH1/MED31, and the tail module contains MED2, PGD1/MED3, RGR1/MED14, GAL11/MED15 and SIN4/MED16. The head and the middle modules interact directly with RNA polymerase II, whereas the elongated tail module interacts with gene-specific regulatory proteins. Interacts with HOG1. Ref.8 Ref.18
Subcellular location	Nucleus Ref.9.
Post-translational modification	Phosphorylated by KIN28. Ref.12
Miscellaneous	Present with 1720 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the Mediator complex subunit 16 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Transcription Transcription regulation
Cellular component	Nucleus
Molecular function	Activator
PTM	Phosphoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	RNA polymerase II transcriptional preinitiation complex assembly Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 12482986. Source: SGD negative regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 16452140. Source: SGD positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from mutant phenotype PubMed 12558798. Source: SGD
Cellular_component	core mediator complex Inferred from direct assay PubMed 9891034. Source: SGD
Molecular_function	RNA polymerase II activating transcription factor binding Inferred from direct assay PubMed 20308326. Source: SGD
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 974	974	Mediator of RNA polymerase II transcription subunit 16		PRO_0000096364
Regions
	Motif	889 – 893	5	Nuclear localization signal Potential
	Compositional bias	63 – 81	19	Ser/Thr-rich

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P32259 [UniParc]. Last modified October 1, 1993. Version 1. Checksum: 12ECF5E4CDC05A8E	FASTA	974	111,297
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MMLGEHLMSW SKTGIIAYSD SQSSNANICL TFLESINGIN WRFHTPQKYV LHPQLHEVQY 70 80 90 100 110 120 QESSSTLSTH STTTSVNGST TAGVGSTPNF GGNSNKSPPQ FFYNISSIHW NNWFSLPGDM 130 140 150 160 170 180 LAVCDELGNM TMLITGQRPD RATTYEKLTM VFQDNVYKIY NHVMPLKPVD KLKPMNIERK 190 200 210 220 230 240 QTRKEYNTSI LEFRWLTSSK SVIVSQFCAF DSSSNTYRSR AQQVPPYGVY HPPFIKYACL 250 260 270 280 290 300 AIRKNGQIDF WYQFSNSKDH KKITLQLLDT SNQRFKDLQW LEFARITPMN DDQCMLITTY 310 320 330 340 350 360 SKLSKNISFY KLHVNWNLNA TKPNVLNDPS LKIQFILSTT LDPTDDEGHV LKLENLHVVS 370 380 390 400 410 420 KSSIEKDPSP EILVLYNVCD TSKSLVKRYR LAPTQLSAEY LVILKPDLNI DRNNSTNQIF 430 440 450 460 470 480 QSRRYNLRRH SDIVLDKKVT LITSEMFDAF VSFYFEDGTI ESYNQNDWKL ETERLISQSQ 490 500 510 520 530 540 LGKFKNIIAS PLSAGFNYGK LPLPPSVEWM KVSPSMCGVI VKQYNKKWPQ FYAAVQKNYA 550 560 570 580 590 600 DPEKDSINAT ALAFGYVKSL HKQISAEDLT IAAKTHILRI SFLDRKRAKE FITTLLKSLY 610 620 630 640 650 660 SFFNISPDAP KEIMDKIITS RPLQKIMLLQ LELGSCFSQE NIEEMARVIL YLKNVLFAFN 670 680 690 700 710 720 GVARNFHFAI EQISNNSNQQ QNPKLFQTIF SKQDLIHSLI PVAKWFVKFI TYLTQEILIL 730 740 750 760 770 780 INDPTNKEYT LVHGIFGAKM SRTLILSILN EIKKVTQIVA KFPETSYPIL NESSTFLKLV 790 800 810 820 830 840 LSESPVDFEK FETFLVDVNN KFIALCEQQP SQEREFSLLV KAEIPPEYAK VGDFLLQYAN 850 860 870 880 890 900 NAVISHANAA AVYFADTSGL KISNSEFFNP EIFHLLQPLE EGLIIDTDKL PIKNRTSKSF 910 920 930 940 950 960 SKLLYDDVTC DKLSVSEISD GKLKRCSRCG SVTRAGNIIS SDKTIVPTSI QTKRWPTMYT 970 RLCICSGMLF EMDG

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"TSF3, a global regulatory protein that silences transcription of yeast GAL genes, also mediates repression by alpha 2 repressor and is identical to SIN4." Chen S., West R.W. Jr., Johnson S.L., Gans H., Kruger B., Ma J. Mol. Cell. Biol. 13:831-840(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: YM256.
[2]	"Involvement of the SIN4 global transcriptional regulator in the chromatin structure of Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Jiang Y.W., Stillman D.J. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12:4503-4514(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	"BEL2/SIN4/TSF3 encodes a position-dependent general repressor of a diverse set of genes in yeast." Harashima S., Mabuchi H., Ramash R., Hasebe M., Tanaka A., Oshima Y. Submitted (AUG-1992) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"The DNA sequence of cosmid 14-5 from chromosome XIV reveals 21 open reading frames including a novel gene encoding a globin-like domain." Pandolfo D., de Antoni A., Lanfranchi G., Valle G. Yeast 12:1071-1076(1996) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome XIV and its evolutionary implications." Philippsen P., Kleine K., Poehlmann R., Duesterhoeft A., Hamberg K., Hegemann J.H., Obermaier B., Urrestarazu L.A., Aert R., Albermann K., Altmann R., Andre B., Baladron V., Ballesta J.P.G., Becam A.-M., Beinhauer J.D., Boskovic J., Buitrago M.J. , Bussereau F., Coster F., Crouzet M., D'Angelo M., Dal Pero F., De Antoni A., del Rey F., Doignon F., Domdey H., Dubois E., Fiedler T.A., Fleig U., Floeth M., Fritz C., Gaillardin C., Garcia-Cantalejo J.M., Glansdorff N., Goffeau A., Gueldener U., Herbert C.J., Heumann K., Heuss-Neitzel D., Hilbert H., Hinni K., Iraqui Houssaini I., Jacquet M., Jimenez A., Jonniaux J.-L., Karpfinger-Hartl L., Lanfranchi G., Lepingle A., Levesque H., Lyck R., Maftahi M., Mallet L., Maurer C.T.C., Messenguy F., Mewes H.-W., Moestl D., Nasr F., Nicaud J.-M., Niedenthal R.K., Pandolfo D., Pierard A., Piravandi E., Planta R.J., Pohl T.M., Purnelle B., Rebischung C., Remacha M.A., Revuelta J.L., Rinke M., Saiz J.E., Sartorello F., Scherens B., Sen-Gupta M., Soler-Mira A., Urbanus J.H.M., Valle G., Van Dyck L., Verhasselt P., Vierendeels F., Vissers S., Voet M., Volckaert G., Wach A., Wambutt R., Wedler H., Zollner A., Hani J. Nature 387:93-98(1997) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: ATCC 96604 / S288c / FY1679.
[6]	Saccharomyces Genome Database Submitted (DEC-2009) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION. Strain: ATCC 204508 / S288c.
[7]	"Yeast global transcriptional regulators Sin4 and Rgr1 are components of mediator complex/RNA polymerase II holoenzyme." Li Y., Bjoerklund S., Jiang Y.W., Kim Y.-J., Lane W.S., Stillman D.J., Kornberg R.D. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 92:10864-10868(1995) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: COMPONENT OF MEDIATOR COMPLEX.
[8]	"Osmostress-induced transcription by Hot1 depends on a Hog1-mediated recruitment of the RNA Pol II." Alepuz P.M., de Nadal E., Zapater M., Ammerer G., Posas F. EMBO J. 22:2433-2442(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH HOG1.
[9]	"Global analysis of protein localization in budding yeast." Huh W.-K., Falvo J.V., Gerke L.C., Carroll A.S., Howson R.W., Weissman J.S., O'Shea E.K. Nature 425:686-691(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
[10]	"Global analysis of protein expression in yeast." Ghaemmaghami S., Huh W.-K., Bower K., Howson R.W., Belle A., Dephoure N., O'Shea E.K., Weissman J.S. Nature 425:737-741(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: LEVEL OF PROTEIN EXPRESSION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
[11]	"A unified nomenclature for protein subunits of mediator complexes linking transcriptional regulators to RNA polymerase II." Bourbon H.-M., Aguilera A., Ansari A.Z., Asturias F.J., Berk A.J., Bjoerklund S., Blackwell T.K., Borggrefe T., Carey M., Carlson M., Conaway J.W., Conaway R.C., Emmons S.W., Fondell J.D., Freedman L.P., Fukasawa T., Gustafsson C.M., Han M. , He X., Herman P.K., Hinnebusch A.G., Holmberg S., Holstege F.C.P., Jaehning J.A., Kim Y.-J., Kuras L., Leutz A., Lis J.T., Meisterernest M., Naeaer A.M., Nasmyth K., Parvin J.D., Ptashne M., Reinberg D., Ronne H., Sadowski I., Sakurai H., Sipiczki M., Sternberg P.W., Stillman D.J., Strich R., Struhl K., Svejstrup J.Q., Tuck S., Winston F., Roeder R.G., Kornberg R.D. Mol. Cell 14:553-557(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NOMENCLATURE.
[12]	"Two cyclin-dependent kinases promote RNA polymerase II transcription and formation of the scaffold complex." Liu Y., Kung C., Fishburn J., Ansari A.Z., Shokat K.M., Hahn S. Mol. Cell. Biol. 24:1721-1735(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION BY KIN28.
[13]	"A high resolution protein interaction map of the yeast Mediator complex." Guglielmi B., van Berkum N.L., Klapholz B., Bijma T., Boube M., Boschiero C., Bourbon H.-M., Holstege F.C.P., Werner M. Nucleic Acids Res. 32:5379-5391(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX.
[14]	"Preponderance of free mediator in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae." Takagi Y., Chadick J.Z., Davis J.A., Asturias F.J. J. Biol. Chem. 280:31200-31207(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX.
[15]	"Mediator and TFIIH govern carboxyl-terminal domain-dependent transcription in yeast extracts." Nair D., Kim Y., Myers L.C. J. Biol. Chem. 280:33739-33748(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX.
[16]	"Mediator expression profiling epistasis reveals a signal transduction pathway with antagonistic submodules and highly specific downstream targets." van de Peppel J., Kettelarij N., van Bakel H., Kockelkorn T.T.J.P., van Leenen D., Holstege F.C.P. Mol. Cell 19:511-522(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.
[17]	"Mediator as a general transcription factor." Takagi Y., Kornberg R.D. J. Biol. Chem. 281:80-89(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX.
[18]	"Med19(Rox3) regulates intermodule interactions in the Saccharomyces cerevisiae mediator complex." Baidoobonso S.M., Guidi B.W., Myers L.C. J. Biol. Chem. 282:5551-5559(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: CHARACTERIZATION OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX, INTERACTION OF THE MEDIATOR COMPLEX WITH RNA POLYMERASE II.
[19]	"Structure of the yeast RNA polymerase II holoenzyme: mediator conformation and polymerase interaction." Davis J.A., Takagi Y., Kornberg R.D., Asturias F.J. Mol. Cell 10:409-415(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: ELECTRON MICROSCOPY OF MEDIATOR COMPLEX IN COMPLEX WITH RNA POLYMERASE II.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M93050 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA35044.1. X64516 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA45819.1. D12918 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA02302.1. Z69381 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA93362.1. Z71512 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA96140.1. BK006947 Genomic DNA. Translation: DAA10323.1.
PIR	A44484.
RefSeq	NP_014163.1. NM_001183074.1.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P32259.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
DIP	DIP-1617N.
IntAct	P32259. 37 interactions.
MINT	MINT-386177.
STRING	4932.YNL236W.
Proteomic databases
PaxDb	P32259.
PeptideAtlas	P32259.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
EnsemblFungi	YNL236W; YNL236W; YNL236W.
GeneID	855485.
KEGG	sce:YNL236W.
Organism-specific databases
CYGD	YNL236w.
SGD	S000005180. SIN4.
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	NOG297401.
HOGENOM	HOG000113525.
KO	K15160.
OMA	ESHKAIN.
OrthoDB	EOG4M950M.
Gene expression databases
Genevestigator	P32259.
GermOnline	YNL236W. Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR021665. Mediator_Med16. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF11635. Med16. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	979460.

Entry information

Entry name

MED16_YEAST

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P32259
Secondary accession number(s): D6W0V7

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	October 1, 1993
Last sequence update:	October 1, 1993
Last modified:	April 3, 2013
This is version 103 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Fungal Protein Annotation Program