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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P29279 (CTGF_HUMAN)

Last modified June 16, 2009. Version 94. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (5) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Connective tissue growth factor
Alternative name(s):
    Hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific protein 24
Gene names
Name: CTGF
Synonyms: CCN2, HCS24, IGFBP8
OrganismHomo sapiens (Human)
Taxonomic identifier9606 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaMetazoaChordataCraniataVertebrataEuteleostomiMammaliaEutheriaEuarchontogliresPrimatesHaplorrhiniCatarrhiniHominidaeHomo

Protein attributes

Sequence length349 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Major connective tissue mitoattractant secreted by vascular endothelial cells. Promotes proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes. Mediates heparin- and divalent cation-dependent cell adhesion in many cell types including fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, endothelial and epithelial cells. Enhances fibroblast growth factor-induced DNA synthesis. Ref.12

Subunit structure

Monomer.

Subcellular location

Secretedextracellular spaceextracellular matrix By similarity. Secreted By similarity.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the CCN family.

Contains 1 CTCK (C-terminal cystine knot-like) domain.

Contains 1 IGFBP N-terminal domain.

Contains 1 TSP type-1 domain.

Contains 1 VWFC domain.

Alternative products

This entry describes 2 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select]
Isoform 1 (identifier: P29279-1)

Also known as: Long;

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.
Isoform 2 (identifier: P29279-2)

Also known as: Short;

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     172-198: Missing.
Note: No experimental confirmation available.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide1 – 2626 Potential
Chain27 – 349323Connective tissue growth factor
PRO_0000014402

Regions

Domain27 – 9872IGFBP N-terminal
Domain101 – 16767VWFC
Domain198 – 24346TSP type-1
Domain256 – 33075CTCK
Region247 – 349103Heparin-binding

Amino acid modifications

Glycosylation281N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Glycosylation2251N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Disulfide bond256 ↔ 293 By similarity
Disulfide bond273 ↔ 307 By similarity
Disulfide bond284 ↔ 323 By similarity
Disulfide bond287 ↔ 325 By similarity
Disulfide bond292 ↔ 329 By similarity

Natural variations

Alternative sequence172 – 19827Missing in isoform 2.
VSP_002460
Natural variant831H → D: dbSNP rs7451102. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Ref.5 Ref.6 Ref.7 Ref.11
VAR_027925

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
Isoform 1 (Long) [UniParc].

Last modified October 17, 2006. Version 2.
Checksum: 62CF878C7F57EC1F

FASTA34938,091
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MTAASMGPVR VAFVVLLALC SRPAVGQNCS GPCRCPDEPA PRCPAGVSLV LDGCGCCRVC 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
AKQLGELCTE RDPCDPHKGL FCHFGSPANR KIGVCTAKDG APCIFGGTVY RSGESFQSSC 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
KYQCTCLDGA VGCMPLCSMD VRLPSPDCPF PRRVKLPGKC CEEWVCDEPK DQTVVGPALA 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
AYRLEDTFGP DPTMIRANCL VQTTEWSACS KTCGMGISTR VTNDNASCRL EKQSRLCMVR 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
PCEADLEENI KKGKKCIRTP KISKPIKFEL SGCTSMKTYR AKFCGVCTDG RCCTPHRTTT 

       310        320        330        340 
LPVEFKCPDG EVMKKNMMFI KTCACHYNCP GDNDIFESLY YRKMYGDMA 

« Hide

Isoform 2 (Short).

Checksum: 372DBF768AA2B2D0
Show »

FASTA32235,205

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Connective tissue growth factor: a cysteine-rich mitogen secreted by human vascular endothelial cells is related to the SRC-induced immediate early gene product CEF-10."
Bradham D.M., Igarashi A., Potter R.L., Grotendorst G.R.
J. Cell Biol. 114:1285-1294(1991) [PubMed: 1654338] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT ASP-83.
Tissue: Umbilical vein endothelial cell.
[2]"Connective tissue growth factor."
Igarashi A., Bradham D.M., Okochi H., Grotendorst G.R.
J. Dermatol. 19:642-643(1992) [PubMed: 1293144] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT ASP-83.
Tissue: Umbilical vein endothelial cell.
[3]"Human connective tissue growth factor is expressed in advanced atherosclerotic lesions."
Oemar B.S., Werner A., Garnier J.-M., Do D.D., Godoy N., Nauck M., Marz W., Rupp J., Pech M., Luescher T.F.
Circulation 95:831-839(1997) [PubMed: 9054739] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT ASP-83.
Tissue: Aorta.
[4]"Expression, purification and bio-activity of human connective tissue growth factor."
Li Q.-H., Wang L.-C., Liu L.-D., Dong S.-Z., Wang J.-J., Hu F., Wang J., He S.-Q., Dong C.-H., Zhao S.-D., Zhao H.-L.
Submitted (SEP-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ASP-83.
[5]"Complete mRNA sequence of human connective tissue growth factor."
Dai W.-J., Jiang H.-C., Fu S.-B.
Submitted (FEB-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ASP-83.
Tissue: Liver.
[6]"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector."
Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A.
Submitted (OCT-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ASP-83.
[7]"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)."
Halleck A., Ebert L., Mkoundinya M., Schick M., Eisenstein S., Neubert P., Kstrang K., Schatten R., Shen B., Henze S., Mar W., Korn B., Zuo D., Hu Y., LaBaer J.
Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT ASP-83.
[8]"The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6."
Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L., Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R., Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews T.D. expand/collapse author list , Ashwell R.I.S., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Banerjee R., Barker D.J., Barlow K.F., Bates K., Beare D.M., Beasley H., Beasley O., Bird C.P., Blakey S.E., Bray-Allen S., Brook J., Brown A.J., Brown J.Y., Burford D.C., Burrill W., Burton J., Carder C., Carter N.P., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clark G., Clee C.M., Clegg S., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Collins J.E., Colman L.K., Corby N.R., Coville G.J., Culley K.M., Dhami P., Davies J., Dunn M., Earthrowl M.E., Ellington A.E., Evans K.A., Faulkner L., Francis M.D., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Ghori M.J., Gilby L.M., Gillson C.J., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Grant M., Gribble S., Griffiths C., Griffiths M.N.D., Hall R., Halls K.S., Hammond S., Harley J.L., Hart E.A., Heath P.D., Heathcott R., Holmes S.J., Howden P.J., Howe K.L., Howell G.R., Huckle E., Humphray S.J., Humphries M.D., Hunt A.R., Johnson C.M., Joy A.A., Kay M., Keenan S.J., Kimberley A.M., King A., Laird G.K., Langford C., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Leversha M., Lloyd C.R., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J.E., Lovell J., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Maslen G.L., Matthews L., McCann O.T., McLaren S.J., McLay K., McMurray A., Moore M.J.F., Mullikin J.C., Niblett D., Nickerson T., Novik K.L., Oliver K., Overton-Larty E.K., Parker A., Patel R., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Phillimore B.J.C.T., Phillips S., Plumb R.W., Porter K.M., Ramsey Y., Ranby S.A., Rice C.M., Ross M.T., Searle S.M., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Skuce C.D., Smith S., Smith M., Spraggon L., Squares S.L., Steward C.A., Sycamore N., Tamlyn-Hall G., Tester J., Theaker A.J., Thomas D.W., Thorpe A., Tracey A., Tromans A., Tubby B., Wall M., Wallis J.M., West A.P., White S.S., Whitehead S.L., Whittaker H., Wild A., Willey D.J., Wilmer T.E., Wood J.M., Wray P.W., Wyatt J.C., Young L., Younger R.M., Bentley D.R., Coulson A., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Sulston J.E., Dunham I., Rogers J., Beck S.
Nature 425:805-811(2003) [PubMed: 14574404] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[9]"Differential expression of novH and CTGF in human glioma cell lines."
Xin L.W., Martinerie C., Zumkeller W., Westphal M., Perbal B.
Clin. Mol. Pathol. 49:91-97(1996)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-20.
Tissue: Placenta.
[10]"Identification of human CCN2 (connective tissue growth factor) promoter polymorphisms."
Blom I.E., van Dijk A.J., de Weger R.A., Tilanus M.G.J., Goldschmeding R.
J. Clin. Pathol. 54:192-196(2001)
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-20.
[11]"Connective tissue growth factor mRNA is expressed in human keratinocytes as an immediate early gene that responds to serum, EGF, or wounding."
Cody C.W., Walker N.J., Greenlee W.F., Sutter T.R.
Submitted (SEP-1994) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 75-349, VARIANT ASP-83.
[12]"Effects of CTGF/Hcs24, a product of a hypertrophic chondrocyte-specific gene, on the proliferation and differentiation of chondrocytes in culture."
Nakanishi T., Nishida T., Shimo T., Kobayashi K., Kubo T., Tamatani T., Tezuka K., Takigawa M.
Endocrinology 141:264-273(2000) [PubMed: 10614647] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION.
Tissue: Chondrocyte.
[13]"The heparin-binding 10 kDa fragment of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) containing module 4 alone stimulates cell adhesion."
Ball D.K., Rachfal A.W., Kemper S.A., Brigstock D.R.
J. Endocrinol. 176:R1-R7(2003) [PubMed: 12553878] [Abstract]
Cited for: HEPARIN-BINDING, CELL ADHESION.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

M92934 mRNA. Translation: AAA91279.1.
X78947 mRNA. Translation: CAA55544.1.
AY395801 mRNA. Translation: AAQ95223.1.
AY550024 mRNA. Translation: AAS55639.1.
BT019794 mRNA. Translation: AAV38597.1.
BT019795 mRNA. Translation: AAV38598.1.
CR541759 mRNA. Translation: CAG46559.1.
AL354866 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAC44023.1.
X92511 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA63267.1.
AF316366 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAK60505.1.
AF316367 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAK60506.1.
AF316368 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAK60507.1.
U14750 mRNA. Translation: AAA75378.1.
IPIIPI00020977.
IPI00220647.
PIRA40551.
UniGeneHs.591346

3D structure databases

ModBaseSearch...

Proteomic databases

PRIDEP29279.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENSG00000118523. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]

Organism-specific databases

GeneCardsGC06M132311.
H-InvDBHIX0006222.
HGNCHGNC:2500. CTGF.
HPACAB005123.
MIM121009. gene.
Orphanet801. Scleroderma.
90291. Scleroderma, systemic.
PharmGKBPA27003.
GenAtlasSearch...

Phylogenomic databases

HOGENOMP29279.
HOVERGENP29279.
OMAP29279. KNMMFIK.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DBamb2_neutrophils_pathway. amb2 Integrin signaling.
tgfbrpathway. TGF-beta receptor signaling.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressP29279.
BgeeP29279.
CleanExHS_CTGF.
GermOnlineENSG00000118523. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR006208. Cys_knot.
IPR006207. Cys_knot_C.
IPR000867. IGFBP-like.
IPR012395. IGFBP_CNN.
IPR017891. Insulin_growth_fac-bd_prot_N.
IPR000884. Thrombospondin_1_rpt.
IPR001007. VWF_C.
[Graphical view]
PfamPF00007. Cys_knot. 1 hit.
PF00219. IGFBP. 1 hit.
PF00090. TSP_1. 1 hit.
PF00093. VWC. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PIRSFPIRSF036495. IGFBP_rP_CNN. 1 hit.
SMARTSM00041. CT. 1 hit.
SM00121. IB. 1 hit.
SM00209. TSP1. 1 hit.
SM00214. VWC. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PROSITEPS01185. CTCK_1. 1 hit.
PS01225. CTCK_2. 1 hit.
PS00222. IGFBP_N_1. 1 hit.
PS51323. IGFBP_N_2. 1 hit.
PS50092. TSP1. 1 hit.
PS01208. VWFC_1. 1 hit.
PS50184. VWFC_2. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry nameCTGF_HUMAN
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P29279
Secondary accession number(s): Q6LCY0, Q96A79, Q96QX2
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: December 1, 1992
Last sequence update: October 17, 2006
Last modified: June 16, 2009
This is version 94 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectHPI (Human Proteome Initiative)

Relevant documents

Human chromosome 6

Human chromosome 6: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM

Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations

Human polymorphisms and disease mutations

Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations

MIM cross-references

Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Alternative products · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Web resources · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents