P25063 (CD24_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Signal transducer CD24

Alternative name(s):
Small cell lung carcinoma cluster 4 antigen
CD_antigen=CD24

Gene names

Name:	CD24
Synonyms:	CD24A

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	80 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Modulates B-cell activation responses. Signaling could be triggered by the binding of a lectin-like ligand to the CD24 carbohydrates, and transduced by the release of second messengers derived from the GPI-anchor. Promotes AG-dependent proliferation of B-cells, and prevents their terminal differentiation into antibody-forming cells. Ref.7
Subunit structure	Interacts with LYN and FGR in a cell-type specific manner. Binds FRG in a small cell cancer line, LYN in the erythroleukemia cell line K562 and in Burkitt's lymphoma. Ref.6 Ref.7
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor › GPI-anchor.
Tissue specificity	B-cells. Expressed in a number of B-cell lines including P32/SH and Namalwa. Expressed in erythroleukemia cell and small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. Also expressed on the surface of T-cells. Ref.6 Ref.9
Induction	Expression is lost when primary B-cells are induced to differentiate in antibody-forming cells.
Post-translational modification	Extensively O-glycosylated.
Involvement in disease	Genetic variations in CD24 are associated with susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) [MIM:126200]. A multifactorial, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. Sclerotic lesions are characterized by perivascular infiltration of monocytes and lymphocytes and appear as indurated areas in pathologic specimens (sclerosis in plaques). The pathological mechanism is regarded as an autoimmune attack of the myelin sheat, mediated by both cellular and humoral immunity. Clinical manifestations include visual loss, extra-ocular movement disorders, paresthesias, loss of sensation, weakness, dysarthria, spasticity, ataxia and bladder dysfunction. Genetic and environmental factors influence susceptibility to the disease. Note=Polymorphisms in CD24 may act as a genetic modifier for susceptibility and progression of MS in some populations, perhaps by affecting the efficiency of CD24 expression on the cell surface. Ref.9
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the CD24 family.
Sequence caution	The sequence AAD14170.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Erroneous initiation.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
PTM	GPI-anchor Glycoprotein Lipoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	B cell receptor transport into membrane raft Inferred from direct assay Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB T cell costimulation Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB Wnt receptor signaling pathway Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB axon guidance Traceable author statement. Source: Reactome cell activation Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB cell migration Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cell-cell adhesion Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cholesterol homeostasis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway Inferred by curator Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals Non-traceable author statement Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of transforming growth factor beta3 production Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of MAP kinase activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB regulation of MAPKKK cascade Inferred from direct assay Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB regulation of cytokine-mediated signaling pathway Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB respiratory burst Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB response to estrogen stimulus Inferred from expression pattern. Source: UniProtKB response to hypoxia Inferred from expression pattern. Source: UniProtKB response to molecule of bacterial origin Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	anchored to membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW cell surface Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB membrane raft Inferred from direct assay Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB plasma membrane Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	protein kinase binding Inferred from physical interaction Ref.6. Source: UniProtKB protein tyrosine kinase activator activity Inferred from direct assay Ref.7. Source: UniProtKB signal transducer activity Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 26	26	Potential
	Peptide	27 – 59	33	Signal transducer CD24		PRO_0000020893
	Propeptide	60 – 80	21	Removed in mature form Potential		PRO_0000020894
Amino acid modifications
	Lipidation	59	1	GPI-anchor amidated glycine Potential
	Glycosylation	36	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	52	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Natural variations
	Natural variant	44	1	T → S. Ref.1 Ref.2 Ref.3 Ref.4 Corresponds to variant rs10465460 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_031576
	Natural variant	57	1	A → V May be associated with an increased risk for multiple sclerosis; homozygous patients express higher levels of CD24 on peripheral blood T cells than homozygous controls. Ref.2 Ref.8 Ref.9 Corresponds to variant rs8734 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_016156
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	12	1	G → W in AAD14170. Ref.5

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P25063 [UniParc]. Last modified April 3, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: DB1988B684DEC62F	FASTA	80	8,097
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGRAMVARLG LGLLLLALLL PTQIYSSETT TGTSSNSSQS TSNTGLAPNP TNATTKAAGG 70 80 ALQSTASLFV VSLSLLHLYS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"CD24, a signal transducer modulating B cell activation responses, is a very short peptide with a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor." Kay R., Rosten P.M., Humphries R.K. J. Immunol. 147:1412-1416(1991) [PubMed: 1831224] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT SER-44.
[2]	"CD24, a signal-transducing molecule expressed on human B cells, is a major surface antigen on small cell lung carcinomas." Jackson D., Waibel R., Weber E., Bell J., Stahel R.A. Cancer Res. 52:5264-5270(1992) [PubMed: 1327504] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANTS SER-44 AND VAL-57.
[3]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT SER-44.
[4]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT SER-44. Tissue: Ovary.
[5]	"Mapping of CD24 and homologous sequences to multiple chromosomal loci." Hough M.R., Rosten P.M., Sexton T.L., Kay R., Humphries R.K. Genomics 22:154-161(1994) [PubMed: 7959762] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-76.
[6]	"Association of CD24 with the kinase c-fgr in a small cell lung cancer cell line and with the kinase lyn in an erythroleukemia cell line." Zarn J.A., Zimmermann S.M., Pass M.K., Waibel R., Stahel R.A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225:384-391(1996) [PubMed: 8753773] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH LYN AND FGR, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"CD24 induces apoptosis in human B cells via the glycolipid-enriched membrane domains/rafts-mediated signaling system." Suzuki T., Kiyokawa N., Taguchi T., Sekino T., Katagiri Y.U., Fujimoto J. J. Immunol. 166:5567-5577(2001) [PubMed: 11313396] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH LYN, FUNCTION.
[8]	"The small cell lung cancer antigen cluster-4 and the leukocyte antigen CD24 are allelic isoforms of the same gene (CD24) on chromosome band 6q21." Zarn J.A., Jackson D.G., Bell M.V., Jones T., Weber E., Sheer D., Waibel R., Stahel R.A. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 70:119-125(1995) [PubMed: 7736776] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT VAL-57, IDENTIFICATION.
[9]	"CD24 is a genetic modifier for risk and progression of multiple sclerosis." Zhou Q., Rammohan K., Lin S., Robinson N., Li O., Liu X., Bai X.-F., Yin L., Scarberry B., Du P., You M., Guan K., Zheng P., Liu Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:15041-15046(2003) [PubMed: 14657362] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT VAL-57, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INVOLVEMENT IN SUSCEPTIBILITY TO MS.
[10]	Erratum Zhou Q., Rammohan K., Lin S., Robinson N., Li O., Liu X., Bai X.-F., Yin L., Scarberry B., Du P., You M., Guan K., Zheng P., Liu Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:8392-8392(2005)
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	M58664 mRNA. Translation: AAA35665.1. L33930 mRNA. Translation: AAB58807.1. X69397 mRNA. Translation: CAA49195.1. BT007404 mRNA. Translation: AAP36068.1. BC064619 mRNA. Translation: AAH64619.1. S75311 mRNA. Translation: AAD14170.1. Different initiation.
IPI	IPI00012413.
PIR	A48996. I56114.
RefSeq	NP_037362.1. NM_013230.2.
UniGene	Hs.644105. Hs.721443.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P25063.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	P25063.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
GeneID	100133941.
KEGG	hsa:100133941.
NMPDR	fig|9606.3.peg.33807.
UCSC	uc004ftz.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	100133941.
HGNC	HGNC:1645. CD24.
MIM	126200. phenotype. 600074. gene.
neXtProt	NX_P25063.
Orphanet	802. Multiple sclerosis.
PharmGKB	PA26202.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	maNOG21694.
InParanoid	P25063.
OMA	QIYSNQT.
Enzyme and pathway databases
Reactome	REACT_111045. Developmental Biology.
Gene expression databases
CleanEx	HS_CD24.
Genevestigator	P25063.
GermOnline	ENSG00000185275. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
KO	K06469.
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CD24_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P25063
Secondary accession number(s): Q16257, Q53XS0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 1, 1992
Last sequence update:	April 3, 2007
Last modified:	November 16, 2011
This is version 106 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.