P23242 (CXA1_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
April 3, 2013.
Version 141.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Gap junction alpha-1 protein Alternative name(s): Connexin-43 Short name=Cx43 Gap junction 43 kDa heart protein | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Mus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome] | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 10090 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 382 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract. Ref.16 Connexin 43 is possibly the ATP-induced pore of mouse macrophages. Ref.16 |
| Subunit structure | A connexon is composed of a hexamer of connexins. Interacts with SGSM3 and CSNK1D. Interacts with KIAA1432/CIP150 By similarity. Interacts (via C-terminus) with TJP1. Interacts (via C-terminus) with SRC (via SH3 domain). Interacts with UBQLN4 By similarity. Interacts with CNST. Ref.11 Ref.14 |
| Subcellular location | Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction › gap junction. |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in heart, non-sensory epithelial cells, and in fibrocytes of the spiral ligament and the spiral limbus. Expressed in bladder smooth muscle cells (at protein level). Ref.9 Ref.10 Ref.16 |
| Developmental stage | At 7.5 dpc, expressed in the embryo, but not in the extraembryonic region containing the ectoplacental cone. Ref.4 |
| Induction | In bladder smooth muscle cells, exhibits night/day variations with low levels during the sleep phase, at circadian time (CT) 4-12 (at protein level). Downregulation during the night allows increase in bladder capacity, avoiding disturbance of sleep by micturition. Expression starts to increase around CT12 and forms a plateau during the active phase (CT16-24) (at protein level). Circadian transcription is activated by NR1D1. Up-regulated by SP1 and SP3. Ref.16 |
| Post-translational modification | Phosphorylation at Ser-325, Ser-328 and Ser-330 by CK1 modulates gap junction assembly. Phosphorylated at Ser-368 by PRKCG; phosphorylation induces disassembly of gap junction plaques and inhibition of gap junction activity By similarity. Sumoylated with SUMO1, SUMO2 and SUMO3, which may regulate the level of functional Cx43 gap junctions at the plasma membrane. May be desumoylated by SENP1 or SENP2 By similarity. S-nitrosylation at Cys-271 is enriched at the muscle endothelial gap junction in arteries, it augments channel permeability and may regulate of smooth muscle cell to endothelial cell communication. |
| Disruption phenotype | Mutant mice die shortly after birth. Ref.16 |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the connexin family. Alpha-type (group II) subfamily. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gjb3 | P28231 | 2 | EBI-298630,EBI-1767245 | |
| Gjc1 | P28229 | 2 | EBI-298630,EBI-1767271 |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed By similarity | ||||||||
| Chain | 2 – 382 | 381 | Gap junction alpha-1 protein | PRO_0000057802 | |||||||
Regions | |||||||||||
| Topological domain | 2 – 13 | 12 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 14 – 36 | 23 | Helical; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 37 – 76 | 40 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 77 – 99 | 23 | Helical; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 100 – 154 | 55 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 155 – 177 | 23 | Helical; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 178 – 208 | 31 | Extracellular Potential | ||||||||
| Transmembrane | 209 – 231 | 23 | Helical; Potential | ||||||||
| Topological domain | 232 – 382 | 151 | Cytoplasmic Potential | ||||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||||
| Modified residue | 247 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.12 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 255 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 262 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 271 | 1 | S-nitrosocysteine Ref.15 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 306 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 313 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine Ref.12 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 314 | 1 | Phosphoserine Ref.13 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 325 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by CK1 By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 326 | 1 | Phosphothreonine Ref.13 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 328 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by CK1 Ref.13 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 330 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by CK1 Ref.13 | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 365 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 368 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by PKC/PRKCG By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 369 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||||
| Modified residue | 373 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 54 ↔ 192 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Disulfide bond | 187 ↔ 198 | By similarity | |||||||||
| Cross-link | 144 | Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO) By similarity | |||||||||
| Cross-link | 237 | Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with G-Cter in SUMO) By similarity | |||||||||
Experimental info | |||||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 21 | 1 | G → V in BAC26375. Ref.5 | ||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 320 | 1 | M → T in AAA53027. Ref.3 | ||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Evidence that the gap junction protein connexin-43 is the ATP-induced pore of mouse macrophages." Beyer E.C., Steinberg T.H. J. Biol. Chem. 266:7971-7974(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [2] | "Developmental regulation of gap junction gene expression during mouse embryonic development." Nishi M., Kumar N.M., Gilula N.B. Dev. Biol. 146:117-130(1991) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Strain: CD-1. Tissue: Ovary. |
| [3] | "Molecular cloning and functional expression of mouse connexin40, a second gap junction gene preferentially expressed in lung." Hennemann J., Suchyna T., Lichtenberg-Frate H., Jungbluth S., Dahl E., Schwarz J., Nicholson B.J., Willecke K. J. Cell Biol. 117:1299-1310(1992) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: C57BL/6. |
| [4] | "Structure, sequence and expression of the mouse Cx43 gene encoding connexin 43." Sullivan R., Ruangvoravat C., Joo D., Morgan J., Wang B.L., Wang X.K., Lo C.W. Gene 130:191-199(1993) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE. Tissue: Embryo. |
| [5] | "The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome." Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J. Hayashizaki Y.Science 309:1559-1563(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: C57BL/6J. Tissue: Blastocyst, Head, Lung and Vagina. |
| [6] | "Cloning of mouse full open reading frames in Gateway(R) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Ebert L., Muenstermann E., Schatten R., Henze S., Bohn E., Mollenhauer J., Wiemann S., Schick M., Korn B. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Adams M.D., Myers E.W., Smith H.O., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: FVB/N. Tissue: Mammary gland. |
| [9] | "Changes in the expression of connexin 43, a cardiac gap junctional protein, during mouse heart development." Fromaget C., el Aoumari A., Dupont E., Briand J.-P., Gros D. J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. 22:1245-1258(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [10] | "Mutations in GJA1 (connexin 43) are associated with non-syndromic autosomal recessive deafness." Liu X.Z., Xia X.J., Adams J., Chen Z.Y., Welch K.O., Tekin M., Ouyang X.M., Kristiansen A., Pandya A., Balkany T., Arnos K.S., Nance W.E. Hum. Mol. Genet. 10:2945-2951(2001) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [11] | "Novel rab GAP-like protein, CIP85, interacts with connexin43 and induces its degradation." Lan Z., Kurata W.E., Martyn K.D., Jin C., Lau A.F. Biochemistry 44:2385-2396(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SGSM3. |
| [12] | "Large-scale identification and evolution indexing of tyrosine phosphorylation sites from murine brain." Ballif B.A., Carey G.R., Sunyaev S.R., Gygi S.P. J. Proteome Res. 7:311-318(2008) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT TYR-247 AND TYR-313, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Brain. |
| [13] | "Qualitative and quantitative analyses of protein phosphorylation in naive and stimulated mouse synaptosomal preparations." Munton R.P., Tweedie-Cullen R., Livingstone-Zatchej M., Weinandy F., Waidelich M., Longo D., Gehrig P., Potthast F., Rutishauser D., Gerrits B., Panse C., Schlapbach R., Mansuy I.M. Mol. Cell. Proteomics 6:283-293(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-306; SER-314; THR-326; SER-328 AND SER-330, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Brain cortex. |
| [14] | "Consortin, a trans-Golgi network cargo receptor for the plasma membrane targeting and recycling of connexins." del Castillo F.J., Cohen-Salmon M., Charollais A., Caille D., Lampe P.D., Chavrier P., Meda P., Petit C. Hum. Mol. Genet. 19:262-275(2010) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH CNST. |
| [15] | "Compartmentalized connexin 43 s-nitrosylation/denitrosylation regulates heterocellular communication in the vessel wall." Straub A.C., Billaud M., Johnstone S.R., Best A.K., Yemen S., Dwyer S.T., Looft-Wilson R., Lysiak J.J., Gaston B., Palmer L., Isakson B.E. Arterioscler. Thromb. Vasc. Biol. 31:399-407(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: S-NITROSYLATION AT CYS-271. |
| [16] | "Involvement of urinary bladder Connexin43 and the circadian clock in coordination of diurnal micturition rhythm." Negoro H., Kanematsu A., Doi M., Suadicani S.O., Matsuo M., Imamura M., Okinami T., Nishikawa N., Oura T., Matsui S., Seo K., Tainaka M., Urabe S., Kiyokage E., Todo T., Okamura H., Tabata Y., Ogawa O. Nat. Commun. 3:809-809(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INDUCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | M61896 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA37444.1. M63801 mRNA. Translation: AAA53027.1. X62836 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA44640.1. X61576 mRNA. Translation: CAA43778.1. AK029291 mRNA. Translation: BAC26375.1. AK036979 mRNA. Translation: BAC29656.1. AK145692 mRNA. Translation: BAE26592.1. AK165986 mRNA. Translation: BAE38502.1. CT010327 mRNA. Translation: CAJ18535.1. CH466540 Genomic DNA. Translation: EDL05108.1. BC006894 mRNA. Translation: AAH06894.1. |
| IPI | IPI00989666. |
| PIR | A39802. |
| RefSeq | NP_034418.1. NM_010288.3. |
| UniGene | Mm.378921. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P23242. |
| SMR | P23242. Positions 3-234, 252-382. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| DIP | DIP-29207N. |
| IntAct | P23242. 7 interactions. |
| MINT | MINT-1326689. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P23242. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | P23242. |
| PRIDE | P23242. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENSMUST00000068581; ENSMUSP00000064536; ENSMUSG00000050953. |
| GeneID | 14609. |
| KEGG | mmu:14609. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 2697. |
| MGI | MGI:95713. Gja1. |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | NOG45368. |
| GeneTree | ENSGT00700000104079. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG009576. |
| InParanoid | P23242. |
| KO | K07372. |
| OMA | GANVDMH. |
| OrthoDB | EOG402WSC. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P23242. |
| Bgee | P23242. |
| CleanEx | MM_GJA1. |
| Genevestigator | P23242. |
| GermOnline | ENSMUSG00000050953. Mus musculus. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR000500. Connexin. IPR002261. Connexin43. IPR013124. Connexin43_C. IPR019570. Connexin_CCC. IPR017990. Connexin_CS. IPR013092. Connexin_N. [Graphical view] |
| PANTHER | PTHR11984. PTHR11984. 1 hit. |
| Pfam | PF00029. Connexin. 1 hit. PF03508. Connexin43. 1 hit. PF10582. Connexin_CCC. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PRINTS | PR00206. CONNEXIN. PR01132. CONNEXINA1. |
| SMART | SM00037. CNX. 1 hit. SM01089. Connexin_CCC. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS00407. CONNEXINS_1. 1 hit. PS00408. CONNEXINS_2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| ChiTaRS | GJA1. mouse. |
| NextBio | 286404. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | CXA1_MOUSE | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P23242 Secondary accession number(s): Q544I7, Q8CE05 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
| ||||||||
| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| MGD cross-references Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
