Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P22694 (KAPCB_HUMAN)
Last modified
February 9, 2010.
Version 112.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (6) |
Third-party data |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta Short name=PKA C-beta EC=2.7.11.11 | ||
| Gene names |
| ||
| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 351 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Mediates cAMP-dependent signaling triggered by receptor binding to GPCRs. PKA activation regulates diverse cellular processes such as cell proliferation, the cell cycle, differentiation and regulation of microtubule dynamics, chromatin condensation and decondensation, nuclear envelope disassembly and reassembly, as well as regulation of intracellular transport mechanisms and ion flux. Ref.10 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Cofactor | Magnesium. |
| Enzyme regulation | Activated by cAMP. |
| Subunit structure | A number of inactive tetrameric holoenzymes are produced by the combination of homo- or heterodimers of the different regulatory subunits associated with two catalytic subunits. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. |
| Subcellular location | Cytoplasm By similarity. Nucleus By similarity. Note: Translocates into the nucleus (monomeric catalytic subunit) By similarity. The inactive holoenzyme is found in the cytoplasm By similarity. |
| Tissue specificity | Isoform 1 is most abundant in the brain, with low level expression in kidney. Isoform 2 is predominantly expressed in thymus, spleen and kidney. Isoform 3 and isoform 4 are only expressed in the brain. Ref.9 |
| Post-translational modification | Asn-3 is partially deaminated to Asp giving rise to 2 major isoelectric variants, called CB and CA respectively By similarity. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. cAMP subfamily. Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
| Sequence caution | The sequence BAD92426.1 differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 322. |
Ontologies
Alternative products
| This entry describes 8 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P22694-1) Also known as: Beta1; This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P22694-2) Also known as: Beta2; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-16: MGNAATAKKGSEVESV → MAAYREPPCN...EHTALWDRSM | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: P22694-3) Also known as: Beta3; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-12: Missing. 13-16: VESV → MGLL | ||||||
| Note: Incomplete sequence. | ||||||
| Isoform 4 (identifier: P22694-4) Also known as: Beta4; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-13: Missing. 14-14: E → M | ||||||
| Note: Incomplete sequence. | ||||||
| Isoform 5 (identifier: P22694-5) Also known as: Beta4ab; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-14: MGNAATAKKGSEVE → MSARKSSDASACSSSEI | ||||||
| Note: Incomplete sequence. | ||||||
| Isoform 6 (identifier: P22694-6) Also known as: Beta4abc; The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-15: MGNAATAKKGSEVES → MSARKSSDASACSSSEISDSF | ||||||
| Isoform 7 (identifier: P22694-7) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-14: MGNAATAKKGSEVE → MGLSRKSSDASACSSSEI | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. | ||||||
| Isoform 8 (identifier: P22694-8) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 256-257: VR → NF 258-351: Missing. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Initiator methionine | 1 | 1 | Removed By similarity | ||||||
| Chain | 2 – 351 | 350 | cAMP-dependent protein kinase catalytic subunit beta | PRO_0000086060 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 44 – 298 | 255 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Domain | 299 – 351 | 53 | AGC-kinase C-terminal | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 50 – 58 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 167 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 73 | 1 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 3 | 1 | Deamidated asparagine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 69 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 198 | 1 | Phosphothreonine By similarity | ||||||
| Modified residue | 267 | 1 | N6-acetyllysine Ref.12 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 339 | 1 | Phosphoserine By similarity | ||||||
| Lipidation | 2 | 1 | N-myristoyl glycine By similarity | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 16 | 16 | MGNAA…EVESV → MAAYREPPCNQYTGTTTALQ KLEGFASRLFHRHSKGTAHD QKTALENDSLHFSEHTALWD RSM in isoform 2. | VSP_017364 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 15 | 15 | MGNAA…SEVES → MSARKSSDASACSSSEISDS F in isoform 6. | VSP_017365 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 14 | 14 | MGNAA…GSEVE → MSARKSSDASACSSSEI in isoform 5. | VSP_017366 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 14 | 14 | MGNAA…GSEVE → MGLSRKSSDASACSSSEI in isoform 7. | VSP_017367 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 13 | 13 | Missing in isoform 4. | VSP_017368 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 12 | 12 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_017369 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 13 – 16 | 4 | VESV → MGLL in isoform 3. | VSP_017370 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 14 | 1 | E → M in isoform 4. | VSP_017371 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 256 – 257 | 2 | VR → NF in isoform 8. | VSP_036556 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 258 – 351 | 94 | Missing in isoform 8. | VSP_036557 | |||||
| Natural variant | 106 | 1 | R → Q: dbSNP rs36117118. Ref.13 | VAR_040594 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Sequence conflict | 80 | 1 | V → G in CAI56774. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 159 | 1 | H → N in AAH35058. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 163 | 1 | L → I in AAH35058. Ref.8 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 233 | 1 | A → V in CAI56774. Ref.3 | ||||||
| Sequence conflict | 261 | 1 | H → N in AAH35058. Ref.8 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Molecular cloning of a tissue-specific protein kinase (C gamma) from human testis -- representing a third isoform for the catalytic subunit of cAMP-dependent protein kinase." Beebe S.J., Oyen O., Sandberg M., Froysa A., Hansson V., Jahnsen T. Mol. Endocrinol. 4:465-475(1990) [PubMed: 2342480] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1). Tissue: Testis. |
| [2] | The German cDNA consortium Submitted (SEP-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 2 AND 7). Tissue: Retina and Salivary gland. |
| [3] | Totoki Y., Toyoda A., Takeda T., Sakaki Y., Tanaka A., Yokoyama S., Ohara O., Nagase T., Kikuno R.F. Submitted (MAR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 6). Tissue: Brain. |
| [4] | "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs." Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R., Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H., Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S. Sugano S.Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004) [PubMed: 14702039] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3). Tissue: Trachea. |
| [5] | SeattleSNPs variation discovery resource Submitted (JUN-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | "The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. Bentley D.R.Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [8] | "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORMS 1 AND 8). Tissue: Brain. |
| [9] | "Identification of novel splice variants of the human catalytic subunit Cbeta of cAMP-dependent protein kinase." Orstavik S., Reinton N., Frengen E., Langeland B.T., Jahnsen T., Skalhegg B.S. Eur. J. Biochem. 268:5066-5073(2001) [PubMed: 11589697] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-30 (ISOFORMS 2; 5 AND 6), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-16 (ISOFORM 3), NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-13 (ISOFORM 4), TISSUE SPECIFICITY. |
| [10] | "c-MYC activates protein kinase A (PKA) by direct transcriptional activation of the PKA catalytic subunit beta (PKA-CB) gene." Wu K.-J., Mattioli M., Morse H.C., Dalla-Favera R. Oncogene 21:7872-7882(2002) [PubMed: 12420224] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-15 (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION. |
| [11] | Colinge J., Superti-Furga G., Bennett K.L. Submitted (OCT-2008) to UniProtKB Cited for: IDENTIFICATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS], MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [12] | "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major cellular functions." Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T., Olsen J.V., Mann M. Science 325:834-840(2009) [PubMed: 19608861] [Abstract] Cited for: ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-267, MASS SPECTROMETRY. |
| [13] | "Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes." Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. Stratton M.R.Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed: 17344846] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] GLN-106. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | M34181 mRNA. Translation: AAA60170.1. BX537705 mRNA. Translation: CAD97818.1. BX641026 mRNA. Translation: CAE46017.1. AB209189 mRNA. Translation: BAD92426.1. Sequence problems. CR936631 mRNA. Translation: CAI56774.1. AK304375 mRNA. Translation: BAG65213.1. DQ667174 Genomic DNA. Translation: ABG25919.1. AL359504, AL450063 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI14540.1. AL359504, AL450063 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI14541.1. AL450063, AL359504 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16844.1. AL450063, AL359504 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16845.1. AL450063 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI16846.1. CH471097 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW73248.1. BC016285 mRNA. Translation: AAH16285.1. BC035058 mRNA. Translation: AAH35058.1. AY927364 mRNA. Translation: AAX19487.1. AY927365 mRNA. Translation: AAX19488.1. AY927366 mRNA. Translation: AAX19489.1. AY927367 mRNA. Translation: AAX19490.1. AY927368 mRNA. Translation: AAX19491.1. AF538872 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN16454.1. |
| IPI | IPI00376119. IPI00395654. IPI00414365. IPI00645788. IPI00737155. IPI00738231. IPI00739094. IPI00739595. |
| PIR | OKHUCB. A34724. |
| RefSeq | NP_002722.1. NP_891993.1. NP_997461.1. |
| UniGene | Hs.487325 |
3D structure databases | |
| SMR | P22694. Positions 14-351. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| STRING | P22694. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P22694. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PRIDE | P22694. |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000370689; ENSP00000359723; ENSG00000142875; Homo sapiens. [Genome view] |
| GeneID | 5567. |
| KEGG | hsa:5567. |
| UCSC | uc001djj.1. human. uc001djl.1. human. uc001djn.1. human. uc001djp.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 5567. |
| GeneCards | GC01P084255. |
| H-InvDB | HIX0017291. |
| HGNC | HGNC:9381. PRKACB. |
| HPA | CAB010363. |
| MIM | 176892. gene. |
| PharmGKB | PA33749. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | prNOG06368. |
| HOVERGEN | P22694. |
| OMA | MAAHKEL. |
| OrthoDB | EOG9MKR1W. |
| PhylomeDB | P22694. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| BRENDA | 2.7.11.11. 247. |
| Pathway_Interaction_DB | p75ntrpathway. p75(NTR)-mediated signaling. |
| Reactome | REACT_11061. Signalling by NGF. REACT_13685. Synaptic Transmission. REACT_1505. Integration of energy metabolism. REACT_15295. Opioid Signalling. REACT_15380. Diabetes pathways. REACT_602. Metabolism of lipids and lipoproteins. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P22694. |
| Bgee | P22694. |
| Genevestigator | P22694. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000142875. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR000961. AGC-kinase_C. IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR017442. Se/Thr_prot_kinase-like_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_AS. IPR002290. Ser/Thr_prot_kinase_dom. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00133. S_TK_X. 1 hit. SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| PROSITE | PS51285. AGC_KINASE_CTER. 1 hit. PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other Resources | |
| NextBio | 21570. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | KAPCB_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P22694 Secondary accession number(s): B4E2Q1 Q96B09 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation project | HPI (Human Proteome Initiative) | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human chromosome 1 Human chromosome 1: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with


