Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P22415 (USF1_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Upstream stimulatory factor 1
Alternative name(s):
    Major late transcription factor 1

Gene names

Name:	USF1
Synonyms:	USF

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	310 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Transcription factor that binds to a symmetrical DNA sequence (E-boxes) (5'-CACGTG-3') that is found in a variety of viral and cellular promoters.
Subunit structure	Efficient DNA binding requires dimerization with another bHLH protein. Binds DNA as an homodimer or a heterodimer (USF1/USF2). Interacts with varicella-zoster virus IE62 protein. Ref.6
Subcellular location	Nucleus.
Involvement in disease	Genetic variations in USF1 are associated with combined hyperlipidemia type 1 (HYPLIP1) [MIM:602491]; also known as familial combined hyperlipidemia type 1 (FCHL1). HYPLIP1 is characterized by elevated levels of serum total cholesterol, triglycerides or both, and is observed in about 20% of individuals with premature coronary heart disease. Ref.8
Sequence similarities	Contains 1 basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Transcription Transcription regulation
Cellular component	Nucleus
Ligand	DNA-binding
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	glucose homeostasis Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB late viral mRNA transcription Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB lipid homeostasis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of fibrinolysis Inferred by curator. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of specific transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter by glucose Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB response to UV Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB response to hypoxia Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	nucleus Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	RNA polymerase II transcription factor activity, enhancer binding Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB bHLH transcription factor binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB protein heterodimerization activity Inferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB protein homodimerization activity Ref.1 Inferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB sequence-specific DNA binding Ref.1 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
USF2	Q15853	1	EBI-1054489,EBI-1055994

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain

1 – 310

310

Upstream stimulatory factor 1

PRO_0000127496

Regions

Domain

213 – 255

43

Helix-loop-helix motif

Domain

271 – 292

22

Leucine-zipper Potential

DNA binding

200 – 212

13

Basic motif

Secondary structure

1

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

.

310

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

205 – 225

21

Beta strand

233 – 236

4

Turn

240 – 247

8

Helix

248 – 255

8

Turn

256 – 258

3

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P22415-1 [UniParc]. Last modified August 1, 1991. Version 1. Checksum: BFDA91519B4B80AE	FASTA	310	33,538
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MKGQQKTAET EEGTVQIQEG AVATGEDPTS VAIASIQSAA TFPDPNVKYV FRTENGGQVM 70 80 90 100 110 120 YRVIQVSEGQ LDGQTEGTGA ISGYPATQSM TQAVIQGAFT SDDAVDTEGT AAETHYTYFP 130 140 150 160 170 180 STAVGDGAGG TTSGSTAAVV TTQGSEALLG QATPPGTGQF FVMMSPQEVL QGGSQRSIAP 190 200 210 220 230 240 RTHPYSPKSE APRTTRDEKR RAQHNEVERR RRDKINNWIV QLSKIIPDCS MESTKSGQSK 250 260 270 280 290 300 GGILSKACDY IQELRQSNHR LSEELQGLDQ LQLDNDVLRQ QVEDLKNKNL LLRAQLRHHG 310 LEVVIKNDSN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The adenovirus major late transcription factor USF is a member of the helix-loop-helix group of regulatory proteins and binds to DNA as a dimer." Gregor P.D., Sawadogo M., Roeder R.G. Genes Dev. 4:1730-1740(1990) [PubMed: 2249772] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 1-25.
[2]	"Human USF1 genomic sequence." Fukamizu A. Submitted (SEP-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[3]	SeattleSNPs variation discovery resource Submitted (APR-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[4]	"The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1." Gregory S.G., Barlow K.F., McLay K.E., Kaul R., Swarbreck D., Dunham A., Scott C.E., Howe K.L., Woodfine K., Spencer C.C.A., Jones M.C., Gillson C., Searle S., Zhou Y., Kokocinski F., McDonald L., Evans R., Phillips K. , Atkinson A., Cooper R., Jones C., Hall R.E., Andrews T.D., Lloyd C., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Anderson F., Andrew R.W., Ashwell R.I.S., Aubin K., Babbage A.K., Bagguley C.L., Bailey J., Beasley H., Bethel G., Bird C.P., Bray-Allen S., Brown J.Y., Brown A.J., Buckley D., Burton J., Bye J., Carder C., Chapman J.C., Clark S.Y., Clarke G., Clee C., Cobley V., Collier R.E., Corby N., Coville G.J., Davies J., Deadman R., Dunn M., Earthrowl M., Ellington A.G., Errington H., Frankish A., Frankland J., French L., Garner P., Garnett J., Gay L., Ghori M.R.J., Gibson R., Gilby L.M., Gillett W., Glithero R.J., Grafham D.V., Griffiths C., Griffiths-Jones S., Grocock R., Hammond S., Harrison E.S.I., Hart E., Haugen E., Heath P.D., Holmes S., Holt K., Howden P.J., Hunt A.R., Hunt S.E., Hunter G., Isherwood J., James R., Johnson C., Johnson D., Joy A., Kay M., Kershaw J.K., Kibukawa M., Kimberley A.M., King A., Knights A.J., Lad H., Laird G., Lawlor S., Leongamornlert D.A., Lloyd D.M., Loveland J., Lovell J., Lush M.J., Lyne R., Martin S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Matthews L., Matthews N.S.W., McLaren S., Milne S., Mistry S., Moore M.J.F., Nickerson T., O'Dell C.N., Oliver K., Palmeiri A., Palmer S.A., Parker A., Patel D., Pearce A.V., Peck A.I., Pelan S., Phelps K., Phillimore B.J., Plumb R., Rajan J., Raymond C., Rouse G., Saenphimmachak C., Sehra H.K., Sheridan E., Shownkeen R., Sims S., Skuce C.D., Smith M., Steward C., Subramanian S., Sycamore N., Tracey A., Tromans A., Van Helmond Z., Wall M., Wallis J.M., White S., Whitehead S.L., Wilkinson J.E., Willey D.L., Williams H., Wilming L., Wray P.W., Wu Z., Coulson A., Vaudin M., Sulston J.E., Durbin R.M., Hubbard T., Wooster R., Dunham I., Carter N.P., McVean G., Ross M.T., Harrow J., Olson M.V., Beck S., Rogers J., Bentley D.R. Nature 441:315-321(2006) [PubMed: 16710414] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Kidney.
[6]	"Transcription factor USF, expressed during the entire phase of Varicella-zoster virus infection, interacts physically with the major viral transactivator IE62 and plays a significant role in virus replication." Rahaus M., Desloges N., Yang M., Ruyechan W.T., Wolff M.H. J. Gen. Virol. 84:2957-2967(2003) [PubMed: 14573800] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUS IE62 PROTEIN.
[7]	"Structure and function of the b/HLH/Z domain of USF." Ferre-D'Amare A.R., Pognonec P., Roeder R.G., Burley S.K. EMBO J. 13:180-189(1994) [PubMed: 8306960] [Abstract] Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.9 ANGSTROMS) OF 197-260.
[8]	"Familial combined hyperlipidemia is associated with upstream transcription factor 1 (USF1)." Pajukanta P., Lilja H.E., Sinsheimer J.S., Cantor R.M., Lusis A.J., Gentile M., Duan X.J., Soro-Paavonen A., Naukkarinen J., Saarela J., Laakso M., Ehnholm C., Taskinen M.-R., Peltonen L. Nat. Genet. 36:371-376(2004) [PubMed: 14991056] [Abstract] Cited for: INVOLVEMENT IN HYPLIP1.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

SeattleSNPs

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBLGenBankDDBJ

X55666 mRNA. Translation: CAA39201.1.
AB017568 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA76541.1.
AY593992 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAS89301.1.
AL591806 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAI15372.1.
BC035505 mRNA. Translation: AAH35505.1.

IPI

IPI00026559.

PIR

S13525.

RefSeq

NP_009053.1.

UniGene

Hs.414880

3D structure databases

PDBPDBe

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1AN4	X-ray	2.90	A/B	197-260	[»]

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP:654N.

IntAct

P22415. 1 interaction.

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P22415.

Proteomic databases

PRIDE

P22415.

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENSG00000158773. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]

GeneID

7391.

KEGG

hsa:7391.

UCSC

uc001fxi.1. human.

Organism-specific databases

GeneCards

GC01M159275.

H-InvDB

HIX0001226.

HGNC

HGNC:12593. USF1.

HPA

CAB001480.

MIM

144250. phenotype.
191523. gene.
602491. phenotype.

PharmGKB

PA37223.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

HOGENOM

P22415.

HOVERGEN

P22415.

OMA

P22415. QQKSPEP.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Pathway_Interaction_DB

p38alphabetadownstreampathway. Signaling mediated by p38-alpha and p38-beta.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P22415.

Bgee

P22415.

CleanEx

HS_USF1.

GermOnline

ENSG00000158773. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR001092. HLH_basic.
IPR011598. HLH_DNA_bd.
[Graphical view]

Gene3D

G3DSA:4.10.280.10. HLH_DNA_bd. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00010. HLH. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SMART

SM00353. HLH. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PROSITE

PS50888. HLH. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other Resources

NextBio

28938.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

USF1_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P22415
Secondary accession number(s): Q5SY46

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 1, 1991
Last sequence update:	August 1, 1991
Last modified:	July 7, 2009
This is version 91 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)