Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P22178 (MAOC_FLATR)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    NADP-dependent malic enzyme, chloroplastic
      Short name=NADP-ME
    EC=1.1.1.40

Gene names

Name:	MOD1
Synonyms:	MAL

Organism

Flaveria trinervia (Clustered yellowtops) (Oedera trinervia)

Taxonomic identifier

4227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Viridiplantae › Streptophyta › Embryophyta › Tracheophyta › Spermatophyta › Magnoliophyta › eudicotyledons › core eudicotyledons › asterids › campanulids › Asterales › Asteraceae › Asteroideae › Tageteae › Flaveria

Protein attributes

Sequence length	648 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	The chloroplastic ME isoform decarboxylates malate shuttled from neighboring mesophyll cells. The CO2 released is then refixed by ribulose-bisphosphate carboxylase. This pathway eliminates the photorespiratory loss of CO2 that occurs in most plants.
Catalytic activity	(S)-malate + NADP+ = pyruvate + CO2 + NADPH.
Cofactor	Divalent metal cations. Prefers magnesium or manganese By similarity.
Pathway	Photosynthesis; C4 acid pathway.
Subunit structure	Homotetramer.
Subcellular location	Plastid › chloroplast.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the malic enzymes family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Chloroplast Plastid
Domain	Transit peptide
Ligand	Metal-binding NAD NADP
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	malate metabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro oxidation reduction Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	chloroplast Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	NAD or NADH binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro malate dehydrogenase (oxaloacetate-decarboxylating) (NADP+) activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC metal ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Transit peptide	1 – ?61	61	Chloroplast
	Chain	?62 – 648	587	NADP-dependent malic enzyme, chloroplastic		PRO_0000018546
Regions
	Nucleotide binding	392 – 408	17	NADP By similarity
Sites
	Active site	195	1	Proton donor By similarity
	Active site	266	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Metal binding	339	1	Divalent metal cation By similarity
	Metal binding	340	1	Divalent metal cation By similarity
	Metal binding	363	1	Divalent metal cation By similarity
	Binding site	248	1	NAD By similarity
	Binding site	363	1	NAD By similarity
	Binding site	504	1	NAD By similarity
	Site	363	1	Important for activity By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	580	1	P → L in AAB19243. Ref.2

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P22178-1 [UniParc]. Last modified August 1, 1991. Version 1. Checksum: A03D8E8D704D8842	FASTA	648	71,470
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MISLNSSFLE RSSVTGGSRT QSQSLRLSAR RPVVTSMLNS NSLPERNVSV SVDSAVRDVN 70 80 90 100 110 120 APVAVEVDRS VGEKPFAAVG GGVEDMYGED TATEDHYITP WSVSVASGYS LLRDPHHNKG 130 140 150 160 170 180 LAFTEKERDA HFLRGLLPPV VVNHDLQVKK MMHNIRQYQV PLQRYQAMMD LQQRNERLFY 190 200 210 220 230 240 KLLIENVEEL LPIVYTPTVG EACQKYGSIF ENSQGLFISL KDKGRILEIL KNWPHKKIQV 250 260 270 280 290 300 IVVTDGERIL GLGDLGCQGM GIPVGKLALY TALGGVRPSA CLPITIDVGT NNEKLLNDDE 310 320 330 340 350 360 FYIGLKQKRA AGQEYAELMN EFMSAVKQNY GENLLIQFED FANHNAFDLL EKYRTTHLVF 370 380 390 400 410 420 NDDIQGTASV VLGGLISALK LVGGSLADQK FLFLGAGEAG TGIAELIALE ISKQTNIPLE 430 440 450 460 470 480 ESRKKVWLVD SKGLIVRSRL DSLQHFKKPW AHDHEPVNEF LDAIKTIRPT VLIGSSGTGQ 490 500 510 520 530 540 TFTKEVVETM SSLNEKPIIL ALSNPTSQSE CTAEQAYTWS EGRAIFASGS PFKPVEYNGK 550 560 570 580 590 600 LYVSGQANNA YIFPGFGLGL IISGAIRVHD DMLLAASEAP AEQVTQEHFD KGLIFPPFTS 610 620 630 640 IRKISAHIAA KVAAKAYELG LASRLPQPEN LVAYAESCMY SPKYRIYR

References

[1]	"Primary structure of NADP-dependent malic enzyme in the dicotyledonous C4 plant Flaveria trinervia." Boersch D., Westhoff P. FEBS Lett. 273:111-115(1990) [PubMed: 2226841] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Leaf.
[2]	"Isolation and characterization of cDNA clones for NADP-malic enzyme from leaves of Flaveria: transcript abundance distinguishes C3, C3-C4 and C4 photosynthetic types." Rajeevan M.S., Bassett C.L., Hughes D.W. Plant Mol. Biol. 17:371-383(1991) [PubMed: 1883995] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 461-648. Tissue: Leaf.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X57142 mRNA. Translation: CAA40421.1. M59416 mRNA. Translation: AAB19243.1.
PIR	S12893.
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1GQ2 based on UniProtKB P40927.
ModBase	Search...
Enzyme and pathway databases
BRENDA	1.1.1.40. 2699.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR015884. Malic_enzyme_CS. IPR012301. Malic_N. IPR012302. Malic_NAD_bd. IPR001891. Malic_OxRdtase. IPR016040. NAD(P)-bd_dom. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:3.40.50.720. NAD(P)-bd. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF00390. malic. 1 hit. PF03949. Malic_M. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00072. MALOXRDTASE.
PROSITE	PS00331. MALIC_ENZYMES. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

MAOC_FLATR

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P22178
Secondary accession number(s): P93140

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 1, 1991
Last sequence update:	August 1, 1991
Last modified:	June 16, 2009
This is version 72 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

PPAP (Plant Proteome Annotation Project)