P22079 (PERL_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
Lactoperoxidase
Short name=LPO
EC=1.11.1.7

Alternative name(s):
Salivary peroxidase
Short name=SPO

Gene names

Name:	LPO
Synonyms:	SAPX

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	712 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	May contribute to airway host defense against infection. Ref.5
Catalytic activity	2 phenolic donor + H2O2 = 2 phenoxyl radical of the donor + 2 H2O.
Cofactor	Binds 1 calcium ion per heterodimer By similarity. Binds 1 heme B (iron-protoporphyrin IX) group covalently per heterodimer By similarity.
Subcellular location	Secreted › extracellular space.
Tissue specificity	Mammary gland; milk and salivary gland. Found in bronchial submucosal glands. Ref.5
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the peroxidase family. XPO subfamily.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Hydrogen peroxide
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Ligand	Calcium Heme Iron Metal-binding
Molecular function	Oxidoreductase Peroxidase
PTM	Disulfide bond Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	hydrogen peroxide catabolic process Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	extracellular space Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-SubCell
Molecular function	heme binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro peroxidase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 26	26	Potential
	Propeptide	27 – 100	74	By similarity		PRO_0000023649
	Chain	101 – 712	612	Lactoperoxidase		PRO_0000023650
Sites
	Active site	226	1	Proton acceptor By similarity
	Metal binding	227	1	Calcium By similarity
	Metal binding	301	1	Calcium By similarity
	Metal binding	303	1	Calcium; via carbonyl oxygen By similarity
	Metal binding	305	1	Calcium By similarity
	Metal binding	307	1	Calcium By similarity
	Metal binding	468	1	Iron (heme axial ligand) By similarity
	Binding site	225	1	Heme (covalent; via 2 links) By similarity
	Binding site	375	1	Heme (covalent; via 2 links) By similarity
	Site	372	1	Transition state stabilizer By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Glycosylation	106	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	212	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.6
	Glycosylation	322	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	358	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Ref.6 Ref.7
	Disulfide bond	132 ↔ 145		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	246 ↔ 256		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	250 ↔ 274		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	354 ↔ 365		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	573 ↔ 630		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	671 ↔ 696		By similarity
Natural variations
	Natural variant	105	1	T → I. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs8178318 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018809
	Natural variant	244	1	A → T. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs8178338 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018810
	Natural variant	414	1	R → Q. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs8178355 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018811
	Natural variant	421	1	V → M. Ref.2 Ref.4 Corresponds to variant rs2301870 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018812
	Natural variant	514	1	R → Q. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs8178401 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018813
	Natural variant	614	1	I → T. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs8178408 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018814
	Natural variant	700	1	D → N. Ref.2 Corresponds to variant rs8178412 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ].		VAR_018815

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P22079 [UniParc]. Last modified January 24, 2001. Version 2. Checksum: BC7AA410997198C0	FASTA	712	80,288
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MRVLLHLPAL LASLILLQAA ASTTRAQTTR TSAISDTVSQ AKVQVNKAFL DSRTRLKTAM 70 80 90 100 110 120 SSETPTSRQL SEYLKHAKGR TRTAIRNGQV WEESLKRLRQ KASLTNVTDP SLDLTSLSLE 130 140 150 160 170 180 VGCGAPAPVV RCDPCSPYRT ITGDCNNRRK PALGAANRAL ARWLPAEYED GLSLPFGWTP 190 200 210 220 230 240 GKTRNGFPLP LAREVSNKIV GYLNEEGVLD QNRSLLFMQW GQIVDHDLDF APDTELGSSE 250 260 270 280 290 300 YSKAQCDEYC IQGDNCFPIM FPPNDPKAGT QGKCMPFFRA GFVCPTPPYK SLAREQINAL 310 320 330 340 350 360 TSFLDASFVY SSEPSLASRL RNLSSPLGLM AVNQEVSDHG LPYLPYDSKK PSPCEFINTT 370 380 390 400 410 420 ARVPCFLAGD SRASEHILLA TSHTLFLREH NRLARELKRL NPQWDGEKLY QEARKILGAF 430 440 450 460 470 480 VQIITFRDYL PILLGDHMQK WIPPYQGYSE SVDPRISNVF TFAFRFGHLE VPSSMFRLDE 490 500 510 520 530 540 NYQPWGPEPE LPLHTLFFNT WRMVKDGGID PLVRGLLAKK SKLMKQNKMM TGELRNKLFQ 550 560 570 580 590 600 PTHRIHGFDL AAINTQRCRD HGQPGYNSWR AFCDLSQPQT LEELNTVLKS KMLAKKLLGL 610 620 630 640 650 660 YGTPDNIDIW IGAIAEPLVE RGRVGPLLAC LLGKQFQQIR DGDRFWWENP GVFTNEQKDS 670 680 690 700 710 LQKMSFSRLV CDNTRITKVP RDPFWANSYP YDFVDCSAID KLDLSPWASV KN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and sequence analysis of the human salivary peroxidase-encoding cDNA." Kiser C., Caterina J., Engler J.A., Rahemtulla B., Rahemtulla F. Gene 173:261-264(1996) [PubMed: 8964511] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Submandibular gland.
[2]	NIEHS SNPs program Submitted (JUN-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANTS ILE-105; THR-244; GLN-414; MET-421; GLN-514; THR-614 AND ASN-700.
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[4]	"Molecular cloning of cDNAs encoding bovine and human lactoperoxidase." Dull T.J., Uyeda C., Strosberg A.D., Nedwin G., Seilhamer J.J. DNA Cell Biol. 9:499-509(1990) [PubMed: 2222811] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 389-712, VARIANT MET-421.
[5]	"Lactoperoxidase and human airway host defense." Wijkstrom-Frei C., El-Chemaly S., Ali-Rachedi R., Gerson C., Cobas M.A., Forteza R., Salathe M., Conner G.E. Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol. 29:206-212(2003) [PubMed: 12626341] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[6]	"Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human saliva by glycoprotein capture and mass spectrometry." Ramachandran P., Boontheung P., Xie Y., Sondej M., Wong D.T., Loo J.A. J. Proteome Res. 5:1493-1503(2006) [PubMed: 16740002] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-212 AND ASN-358, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Saliva.
[7]	"Identification of N-linked glycoproteins in human milk by hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry." Picariello G., Ferranti P., Mamone G., Roepstorff P., Addeo F. Proteomics 8:3833-3847(2008) [PubMed: 18780401] [Abstract] Cited for: GLYCOSYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT ASN-358, MASS SPECTROMETRY. Tissue: Milk.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

NIEHS-SNPs

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	U39573 mRNA. Translation: AAC50717.1. AY324876 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAP72968.1. BC107166 mRNA. Translation: AAI07167.1. BC107167 mRNA. Translation: AAI07168.1. M58151 mRNA. Translation: AAA63213.1.
IPI	IPI00025023.
PIR	JC4935.
RefSeq	NP_001153574.1. NM_001160102.1. NP_006142.1. NM_006151.2.
UniGene	Hs.234742.
3D structure databases
ProteinModelPortal	P22079.
SMR	P22079. Positions 130-712.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
STRING	P22079.
Protein family/group databases
PeroxiBase	3316. HsLPO.
PTM databases
PhosphoSite	P22079.
Polymorphism databases
DMDM	12643419.
Proteomic databases
PeptideAtlas	P22079.
PRIDE	P22079.
Protocols and materials databases
StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENST00000262290; ENSP00000262290; ENSG00000167419.
GeneID	4025.
KEGG	hsa:4025.
UCSC	uc002ivt.1. human.
Organism-specific databases
CTD	4025.
GeneCards	GC17P056315.
H-InvDB	HIX0027118.
HGNC	HGNC:6678. LPO.
HPA	HPA028688.
MIM	150205. gene. 170990. gene.
neXtProt	NX_P22079.
GenAtlas	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
eggNOG	prNOG08758.
HOGENOM	HBG357654.
HOVERGEN	HBG000071.
InParanoid	P22079.
OMA	HAKGRTR.
OrthoDB	EOG4RJG11.
PhylomeDB	P22079.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P22079.
Bgee	P22079.
CleanEx	HS_LPO.
Genevestigator	P22079.
GermOnline	ENSG00000167419. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR010255. Haem_peroxidase. IPR002007. Haem_peroxidase_animal. IPR019791. Haem_peroxidase_animal_subgr. [Graphical view]
Gene3D	G3DSA:1.10.640.10. Haem_peroxidase_animal. 1 hit.
KO	K12550.
Pfam	PF03098. An_peroxidase. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00457. ANPEROXIDASE.
SUPFAM	SSF48113. Peroxidase_super. 1 hit.
PROSITE	PS00435. PEROXIDASE_1. False negative. PS00436. PEROXIDASE_2. False negative. PS50292. PEROXIDASE_3. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...
Other
NextBio	15782.
SOURCE	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PERL_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P22079
Secondary accession number(s): Q13408, Q3KNQ2

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 1, 1991
Last sequence update:	January 24, 2001
Last modified:	January 25, 2012
This is version 121 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.