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P22005 (PENK_MOUSE) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Last modified April 3, 2013. Version 92. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (2) | Third-party data text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
to top of pageNames·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
to top of pageNames·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
Proenkephalin-A

Cleaved into the following 8 chains:

  1. Synenkephalin
  2. Met-enkephalin
    Alternative name(s):
    Opioid growth factor
    Short name=OGF
  3. PENK(114-133)
  4. PENK(143-184)
  5. Met-enkephalin-Arg-Ser-Leu
  6. Leu-enkephalin
  7. PENK(238-259)
  8. Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe
Gene names
Name:Penk
Synonyms:Penk1
OrganismMus musculus (Mouse) [Reference proteome]
Taxonomic identifier10090 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Glires › Rodentia › Sciurognathi › Muroidea › Muridae › Murinae › Mus › Mus

Protein attributes

Sequence length268 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Sequence processingThe displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existenceEvidence at transcript level

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Met- and Leu-enkephalins compete with and mimic the effects of opiate drugs. They play a role in a number of physiologic functions, including pain perception and responses to stress. PENK(114-133) and PENK(238-259) increase glutamate release in the striatum. PENK(114-133) decreases GABA concentration in the striatum.

Subcellular location

Secreted.

Tissue specificity

Spermatogenic and somatic cells.

Developmental stage

Highest expression in late pachytene spermatocytes and postmeiotic round spermatids.

Post-translational modification

The N-terminal domain contains 6 conserved cysteines thought to be involved in disulfide bonding and/or processing.

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the opioid neuropeptide precursor family.

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide1 – 2424
Peptide25 – 9773Synenkephalin
PRO_0000008268
Peptide100 – 1045Met-enkephalin
PRO_0000008269
Peptide107 – 1115Met-enkephalin
PRO_0000008270
Peptide114 – 13320PENK(114-133) By similarity
PRO_0000377694
Peptide136 – 1405Met-enkephalin
PRO_0000008272
Peptide143 – 18442PENK(143-184) By similarity
PRO_0000377695
Peptide187 – 1948Met-enkephalin-Arg-Ser-Leu
PRO_0000008274
Propeptide197 – 20812
PRO_0000008275
Peptide211 – 2155Met-enkephalin
PRO_0000008276
Propeptide218 – 22811
PRO_0000008277
Peptide231 – 2355Leu-enkephalin
PRO_0000008278
Peptide238 – 25922PENK(238-259) By similarity
PRO_0000377696
Peptide262 – 2687Met-enkephalin-Arg-Phe
PRO_0000008280

Amino acid modifications

Disulfide bond26 ↔ 48 By similarity
Disulfide bond30 ↔ 52 By similarity
Disulfide bond33 ↔ 65 By similarity

Experimental info

Sequence conflict341S → T in AAA40128. Ref.1
Sequence conflict1841S → SS in AAA40128. Ref.1

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
P22005 [UniParc].

Last modified June 16, 2009. Version 2.
Checksum: 637F848B49F44013

FASTA26831,004
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MARFLRLCTW LLALGSCLLA TVQAECSQDC AKCSYRLVRP GDINFLACTL ECEGQLPSFK 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
IWETCKDLLQ VSRPEFPWDN IDMYKDSSKQ DESHLLAKKY GGFMKRYGGF MKKMDELYPM 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
EPEEEANGGE ILAKRYGGFM KKDADEGDTL ANSSDLLKEL LGTGDNRAKD SHQQESTNND 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
EDMSKRYGGF MRSLKRSPQL EDEAKELQKR YGGFMRRVGR PEWWMDYQKR YGGFLKRFAE 

       250        260 
SLPSDEEGEN YSKEVPEIEK RYGGFMRF

« Hide

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"Transcription of the rat and mouse proenkephalin genes is initiated at distinct sites in spermatogenic and somatic cells."
Kilpatrick D.L., Zinn S.A., Fitzgerald M., Higuchi H., Sabol S.L., Meyerhardt J.
Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:3717-3726(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
Tissue: Testis.
[2]"The transcriptional landscape of the mammalian genome."
Carninci P., Kasukawa T., Katayama S., Gough J., Frith M.C., Maeda N., Oyama R., Ravasi T., Lenhard B., Wells C., Kodzius R., Shimokawa K., Bajic V.B., Brenner S.E., Batalov S., Forrest A.R., Zavolan M., Davis M.J. expand/collapse author list , Wilming L.G., Aidinis V., Allen J.E., Ambesi-Impiombato A., Apweiler R., Aturaliya R.N., Bailey T.L., Bansal M., Baxter L., Beisel K.W., Bersano T., Bono H., Chalk A.M., Chiu K.P., Choudhary V., Christoffels A., Clutterbuck D.R., Crowe M.L., Dalla E., Dalrymple B.P., de Bono B., Della Gatta G., di Bernardo D., Down T., Engstrom P., Fagiolini M., Faulkner G., Fletcher C.F., Fukushima T., Furuno M., Futaki S., Gariboldi M., Georgii-Hemming P., Gingeras T.R., Gojobori T., Green R.E., Gustincich S., Harbers M., Hayashi Y., Hensch T.K., Hirokawa N., Hill D., Huminiecki L., Iacono M., Ikeo K., Iwama A., Ishikawa T., Jakt M., Kanapin A., Katoh M., Kawasawa Y., Kelso J., Kitamura H., Kitano H., Kollias G., Krishnan S.P., Kruger A., Kummerfeld S.K., Kurochkin I.V., Lareau L.F., Lazarevic D., Lipovich L., Liu J., Liuni S., McWilliam S., Madan Babu M., Madera M., Marchionni L., Matsuda H., Matsuzawa S., Miki H., Mignone F., Miyake S., Morris K., Mottagui-Tabar S., Mulder N., Nakano N., Nakauchi H., Ng P., Nilsson R., Nishiguchi S., Nishikawa S., Nori F., Ohara O., Okazaki Y., Orlando V., Pang K.C., Pavan W.J., Pavesi G., Pesole G., Petrovsky N., Piazza S., Reed J., Reid J.F., Ring B.Z., Ringwald M., Rost B., Ruan Y., Salzberg S.L., Sandelin A., Schneider C., Schoenbach C., Sekiguchi K., Semple C.A., Seno S., Sessa L., Sheng Y., Shibata Y., Shimada H., Shimada K., Silva D., Sinclair B., Sperling S., Stupka E., Sugiura K., Sultana R., Takenaka Y., Taki K., Tammoja K., Tan S.L., Tang S., Taylor M.S., Tegner J., Teichmann S.A., Ueda H.R., van Nimwegen E., Verardo R., Wei C.L., Yagi K., Yamanishi H., Zabarovsky E., Zhu S., Zimmer A., Hide W., Bult C., Grimmond S.M., Teasdale R.D., Liu E.T., Brusic V., Quackenbush J., Wahlestedt C., Mattick J.S., Hume D.A., Kai C., Sasaki D., Tomaru Y., Fukuda S., Kanamori-Katayama M., Suzuki M., Aoki J., Arakawa T., Iida J., Imamura K., Itoh M., Kato T., Kawaji H., Kawagashira N., Kawashima T., Kojima M., Kondo S., Konno H., Nakano K., Ninomiya N., Nishio T., Okada M., Plessy C., Shibata K., Shiraki T., Suzuki S., Tagami M., Waki K., Watahiki A., Okamura-Oho Y., Suzuki H., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.
Science 309:1559-1563(2005) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
Strain: C57BL/6J.
Tissue: Testis.
[3]"Lineage-specific biology revealed by a finished genome assembly of the mouse."
Church D.M., Goodstadt L., Hillier L.W., Zody M.C., Goldstein S., She X., Bult C.J., Agarwala R., Cherry J.L., DiCuccio M., Hlavina W., Kapustin Y., Meric P., Maglott D., Birtle Z., Marques A.C., Graves T., Zhou S. expand/collapse author list , Teague B., Potamousis K., Churas C., Place M., Herschleb J., Runnheim R., Forrest D., Amos-Landgraf J., Schwartz D.C., Cheng Z., Lindblad-Toh K., Eichler E.E., Ponting C.P.
PLoS Biol. 7:E1000112-E1000112(2009) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
Strain: C57BL/6J.
[4]Mural R.J., Adams M.D., Myers E.W., Smith H.O., Venter J.C.
Submitted (SEP-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[5]"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)."
The MGC Project Team
Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
Tissue: Testis.
[6]"Activation of mouse T-helper cells induces abundant preproenkephalin mRNA synthesis."
Zurawski G., Benedik M., Kamb B.J., Abrams J.S., Zurawski S.M., Lee F.D.
Science 232:772-775(1986) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 29-268.
Tissue: T-cell.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ		M55181 mRNA. Translation: AAA40128.1.
AK161272 mRNA. Translation: BAE36283.1.
BX004841 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAM26883.1.
CH466538 Genomic DNA. Translation: EDL05699.1.
CH466538 Genomic DNA. Translation: EDL05700.1.
BC049766 mRNA. Translation: AAH49766.1.
M13227 mRNA. Translation: AAA37553.1.
IPIIPI00123302.
PIRB35678.
RefSeqNP_001002927.1. NM_001002927.2.
UniGeneMm.475097.

3D structure databases

ProteinModelPortalP22005.
ModBaseSearch...

PTM databases

PhosphoSiteP22005.

Proteomic databases

PaxDbP22005.
PRIDEP22005.

Protocols and materials databases

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebaseSearch...

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblENSMUST00000070375; ENSMUSP00000066822; ENSMUSG00000045573.
GeneID18619.
KEGGmmu:18619.
UCSCuc008rwz.1. mouse.

Organism-specific databases

CTD5179.
MGIMGI:104629. Penk.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGNOG40630.
GeneTreeENSGT00530000063761.
HOGENOMHOG000013003.
HOVERGENHBG000063.
InParanoidQ68G73.
OMAGGFMKKD.
OrthoDBEOG4HMJBF.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressP22005.
BgeeP22005.
CleanExMM_PENK1.
GenevestigatorP22005.
GermOnlineENSMUSG00000045573. Mus musculus.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR006024. Opioid_neupept.
IPR000703. Proenkphlin_A.
[Graphical view]
PANTHERPTHR11438. PTHR11438. 1 hit.
PTHR11438:SF3. PTHR11438:SF3. 1 hit.
PfamPF01160. Opiods_neuropep. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR01028. OPIOIDPRCRSR.
PR01029. PENKAPRCRSR.
PROSITEPS01252. OPIOIDS_PRECURSOR. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other

NextBio294568.
SOURCESearch...

Entry information

Entry namePENK_MOUSE
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P22005
Secondary accession number(s): Q68G73
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: August 1, 1991
Last sequence update: June 16, 2009
Last modified: April 3, 2013
This is version 92 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programChordata Protein Annotation Program

Relevant documents

MGD cross-references

Mouse Genome Database (MGD) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

to top of pageNames·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·Documents