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Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P21524 (RIR1_YEAST)

Last modified February 9, 2010. Version 104. Feed History...

Clusters with 100%, 90%, 50% identity | Documents (5) | Third-party data | Customize display text xml rdf/xml gff fasta
Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents

Names and origin

Protein namesRecommended name:
    Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large chain 1
    EC=1.17.4.1
Alternative name(s):
    Ribonucleotide reductase large subunit 1
    Ribonucleotide reductase R1 subunit 1
Gene names
Name: RNR1
Synonyms: CRT7, RIR1, SDS12
Ordered Locus Names: YER070W
OrganismSaccharomyces cerevisiae (Baker's yeast) [Complete proteome]
Taxonomic identifier4932 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageEukaryotaFungiDikaryaAscomycotaSaccharomycotinaSaccharomycetesSaccharomycetalesSaccharomycetaceaeSaccharomyces

Protein attributes

Sequence length888 AA.
Sequence statusComplete.
Protein existenceEvidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function

Provides the precursors necessary for DNA synthesis. Catalyzes the biosynthesis of deoxyribonucleotides from the corresponding ribonucleotides. Ref.6

Catalytic activity

2'-deoxyribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin disulfide + H2O = ribonucleoside diphosphate + thioredoxin.

Enzyme regulation

Under complex allosteric control mediated by deoxynucleoside triphosphates and ATP binding to separate specificity and activation sites on the R1 subunit. The type of nucleotide bound at the specificity site determines substrate preference. It seems probable that ATP makes the enzyme reduce CDP and UDP, dGTP favors ADP reduction and dTTP favors GDP reduction. Stimulated by ATP and inhibited by dATP binding to the activity site. Inhibited by SML1. Ref.4

Pathway

Genetic information processing; DNA replication.

Subunit structure

Heterotetramer of two large (R1) and two small (R2) subunits. S.cerevisiae has two different R1 subunits (RNR1 and RNR3) and two different R2 subunits (RNR2 and RNR4). The functional form of the small subunits is a RNR2-RNR4 heterodimer, where RNR2 provides the iron-radical center and RNR4 is required for proper folding of RNR2 and assembly with the large subunits. Under normal growth conditions, the active form of the large subunits is a homodimer of the constitutively expressed RNR1. In damaged cells or cells arrested for DNA synthesis, the reductase consists of multiple species because of the association of the small subunits (RNR2-RNR4) with either the RNR1 homodimer or a heterodimer of RNR1 and the damage-inducible RNR3. RNR1 interacts with the ribonucleotide reductase inhibitor SML1. Ref.4 Ref.5

Subcellular location

Cytoplasm Ref.8.

Induction

Cell cycle-regulated with highest activity in S phase. Moderately induced by DNA-damage. Ref.4 Ref.2

Miscellaneous

Two distinct regulatory sites have been defined: the specificity site, which controls substrate specificity, and the activity site which regulates overall catalytic activity. A substrate-binding catalytic site, located on R1, is formed only in the presence of the second subunit R2 By similarity.

Present with 293000 molecules/cell in log phase SD medium. Ref.7

Sequence similarities

Belongs to the ribonucleoside diphosphate reductase large chain family.

Contains 1 ATP-cone domain.

Biophysicochemical properties

Kinetic parameters:

Vmax=2250 nmol/min/mg enzyme for cytidine 5'-diphosphate

Temperature dependence:

Optimum temperature is 30 degrees Celsius.

Binary interactions

With

Entry

#Exp.

IntAct

Notes

ACB1P317871EBI-15234,EBI-2060
ADE16P541131EBI-15234,EBI-14213
ADE4P040461EBI-15234,EBI-14238
ALO1P547831EBI-15234,EBI-2519
APC9Q121071EBI-15234,EBI-36475
ARC35P537311EBI-15234,EBI-2770
ARP2P323811EBI-15234,EBI-2927
BBC1P470681EBI-15234,EBI-3437
BCY1P072781EBI-15234,EBI-9475
CAF20P129621EBI-15234,EBI-9010
CAP2P135171EBI-15234,EBI-4013
CCS1P402021EBI-15234,EBI-10287
CMK2P225171EBI-15234,EBI-9600
CPR6P536911EBI-15234,EBI-5429
CTT1P061151EBI-15234,EBI-4065
CUE5Q084121EBI-15234,EBI-37580
CWH41P530081EBI-15234,EBI-5323
DBP5P204491EBI-15234,EBI-5617
DNM1P548611EBI-15234,EBI-6002
DYS1P387911EBI-15234,EBI-5871
EFT1P323241EBI-15234,EBI-6333
ERG13P548391EBI-15234,EBI-8373
FAT2P381371EBI-15234,EBI-6831
GAD1Q047921EBI-15234,EBI-5668
GCD7P325021EBI-15234,EBI-6260
GCN1P338921EBI-15234,EBI-7442
GDH2P333271EBI-15234,EBI-5815
GET3Q121541EBI-15234,EBI-2989
GLO2Q055841EBI-15234,EBI-7672
GPD2P419111EBI-15234,EBI-7791
GPM2Q120081EBI-15234,EBI-2063839
HCH1P538341EBI-15234,EBI-28288
HUG1Q6Q5K61EBI-15234,EBI-392766
IDI1P154961EBI-15234,EBI-8902
INO1P119861EBI-15234,EBI-9257
KRE1P172601EBI-15234,EBI-2068892
LSP1Q122301EBI-15234,EBI-34978
MET3P085361EBI-15234,EBI-10753
MLS1P309521EBI-15234,EBI-10428
MPG1P419401EBI-15234,EBI-11191
NAP1P252931EBI-15234,EBI-11850
NOT1P256551EBI-15234,EBI-12139
PDC6P262631EBI-15234,EBI-5700
PEX11Q124621EBI-15234,EBI-13198
PGM2P370121EBI-15234,EBI-13296
PRO1P322641EBI-15234,EBI-13879
RAS1P011191EBI-15234,EBI-14830
RAS2P011201EBI-15234,EBI-14838
RFA2P267541EBI-15234,EBI-14976
RIB1P380661EBI-15234,EBI-7436
RIB5P381451EBI-15234,EBI-2083267
RTN2Q124431EBI-15234,EBI-32591
SCL1P212431EBI-15234,EBI-13975
SDH4P372981EBI-15234,EBI-16796
SIS1P252941EBI-15234,EBI-17244
SLA2P333381EBI-15234,EBI-17323
SML1Q049641EBI-15234,EBI-27834
SNC2P333281EBI-15234,EBI-17512
SNO1Q031441EBI-15234,EBI-28190
SRV2P175551EBI-15234,EBI-4024
SSD1P242761EBI-15234,EBI-18153
SSE2P325901EBI-15234,EBI-8655
SSM4P403181EBI-15234,EBI-18208
STI1P157051EBI-15234,EBI-18418
SYP1P256231EBI-15234,EBI-21900
TAL1P150191EBI-15234,EBI-18952
TPD3P313831EBI-15234,EBI-1936
TRP2P008991EBI-15234,EBI-19575
TRP4P072851EBI-15234,EBI-2096870
URA7P282741EBI-15234,EBI-20128
VMA13P418071EBI-15234,EBI-20281
VMA7P391111EBI-15234,EBI-20272
VPS21P360171EBI-15234,EBI-29399
WRS1Q121091EBI-15234,EBI-18832
YNK1P360101EBI-15234,EBI-11968
YPR1Q124581EBI-15234,EBI-29490
YPT1P011231EBI-15234,EBI-29496
YPT7P329391EBI-15234,EBI-29509

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature keyPosition(s)LengthDescriptionGraphical viewFeature identifier

Molecule processing

Chain1 – 888888Ribonucleoside-diphosphate reductase large chain 1
PRO_0000187203

Regions

Domain1 – 9292ATP-cone
Region11 – 177Allosteric activator binding By similarity
Region217 – 2182Substrate binding
Region285 – 2884Allosteric effector binding, determines substrate specificity
Region426 – 4305Substrate binding
Region607 – 6115Substrate binding

Sites

Active site4261Proton acceptor
Active site4281Cysteine radical intermediate
Active site4301Proton acceptor
Binding site51Allosteric activator By similarity
Binding site531Allosteric activator By similarity
Binding site881Allosteric activator By similarity
Binding site2021Substrate
Binding site2471Substrate; via amide nitrogen
Site2181Important for hydrogen atom transfer By similarity
Site2261Allosteric effector binding, determines substrate specificity
Site2561Allosteric effector binding, determines substrate specificity
Site4431Important for hydrogen atom transfer By similarity
Site7411Important for electron transfer By similarity
Site7421Important for electron transfer By similarity
Site8831Interacts with thioredoxin/glutaredoxin By similarity
Site8861Interacts with thioredoxin/glutaredoxin By similarity

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue2271Phosphoserine Ref.11
Modified residue8091Phosphoserine Ref.11
Modified residue8121Phosphoserine Ref.11
Modified residue8161Phosphoserine Ref.11 Ref.9 Ref.10
Modified residue8371Phosphoserine Ref.11
Modified residue8871Phosphoserine Ref.11
Disulfide bond218 ↔ 443Redox-active

Experimental info

Mutagenesis4281C → A: Completely abolishes reductase activity. Ref.6
Sequence conflict3291F → L in CAA49151. Ref.3
Sequence conflict587 – 5893TLR → NLK Ref.3
Sequence conflict6661Q → E Ref.2
Sequence conflict6791E → Q Ref.2

Secondary structure

.......................................................................................................................... 888
Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Sequences

Sequence LengthMass (Da)Tools
P21524-1 [UniParc].

Last modified February 1, 1995. Version 2.
Checksum: 56BE1B077916E419

FASTA88899,561
        10         20         30         40         50         60 
MYVYKRDGRK EPVQFDKITA RISRLCYGLD PKHIDAVKVT QRIISGVYEG VTTIELDNLA 

        70         80         90        100        110        120 
AETCAYMTTV HPDYATLAAR IAISNLHKQT TKQFSKVVED LYRYVNAATG KPAPMISDDV 

       130        140        150        160        170        180 
YNIVMENKDK LNSAIVYDRD FQYSYFGFKT LERSYLLRIN GQVAERPQHL IMRVALGIHG 

       190        200        210        220        230        240 
RDIEAALETY NLMSLKYFTH ASPTLFNAGT PKPQMSSCFL VAMKEDSIEG IYDTLKECAL 

       250        260        270        280        290        300 
ISKTAGGIGL HIHNIRSTGS YIAGTNGTSN GLIPMIRVFN NTARYVDQGG NKRPGAFALY 

       310        320        330        340        350        360 
LEPWHADIFD FIDIRKNHGK EEIRARDLFP ALWIPDLFMK RVEENGTWTL FSPTSAPGLS 

       370        380        390        400        410        420 
DCYGDEFEAL YTRYEKEGRG KTIKAQKLWY SILEAQTETG TPFVVYKDAC NRKSNQKNLG 

       430        440        450        460        470        480 
VIKSSNLCCE IVEYSAPDET AVCNLASVAL PAFIETSEDG KTSTYNFKKL HEIAKVVTRN 

       490        500        510        520        530        540 
LNRVIDRNYY PVEEARKSNM RHRPIALGVQ GLADTFMLLR LPFDSEEARL LNIQIFETIY 

       550        560        570        580        590        600 
HASMEASCEL AQKDGPYETF QGSPASQGIL QFDMWDQKPY GMWDWDTLRK DIMKHGVRNS 

       610        620        630        640        650        660 
LTMAPMPTAS TSQILGYNEC FEPVTSNMYS RRVLSGEFQV VNPYLLRDLV DLGIWDEGMK 

       670        680        690        700        710        720 
QYLITQNGSI QGLPNVPQEL KDLYKTVWEI SQKTIINMAA DRSVYIDQSH SLNLFLRAPT 

       730        740        750        760        770        780 
MGKLTSMHFY GWKKGLKTGM YYLRTQAASA AIQFTIDQKI ADQATENVAD ISNLKRPSYM 

       790        800        810        820        830        840 
PSSASYAASD FVPAAVTANA TIPSLDSSSE ASREASPAPT GSHSLTKGMA ELNVQESKVE 

       850        860        870        880 
VPEVPAPTKN EEKAAPIVDD EETEFDIYNS KVIACAIDNP EACEMCSG 

« Hide

References

« Hide 'large scale' references
[1]"The nucleotide sequence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome V."
Dietrich F.S., Mulligan J.T., Hennessy K.M., Yelton M.A., Allen E., Araujo R., Aviles E., Berno A., Brennan T., Carpenter J., Chen E., Cherry J.M., Chung E., Duncan M., Guzman E., Hartzell G., Hunicke-Smith S., Hyman R.W. expand/collapse author list , Kayser A., Komp C., Lashkari D., Lew H., Lin D., Mosedale D., Nakahara K., Namath A., Norgren R., Oefner P., Oh C., Petel F.X., Roberts D., Sehl P., Schramm S., Shogren T., Smith V., Taylor P., Wei Y., Botstein D., Davis R.W.
Nature 387:78-81(1997) [PubMed: 9169868] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
Strain: ATCC 204511 / S288c / AB972.
[2]"Two genes differentially regulated in the cell cycle and by DNA-damaging agents encode alternative regulatory subunits of ribonucleotide reductase."
Elledge S.J., Davis R.W.
Genes Dev. 4:740-751(1990) [PubMed: 2199320] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-100 AND 653-682, INDUCTION.
[3]"Use of synthetic lethal mutants to clone and characterize a novel CTP synthetase gene in Saccharomyces cerevisiae."
Ozier-Kalogeropoulos O., Adeline M.-T., Yang W.-L., Carman G.M., Lacroute F.
Mol. Gen. Genet. 242:431-439(1994) [PubMed: 8121398] [Abstract]
Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 313-384 AND 546-590.
[4]"Yeast Sml1, a protein inhibitor of ribonucleotide reductase."
Chabes A., Domkin V., Thelander L.
J. Biol. Chem. 274:36679-36683(1999) [PubMed: 10593972] [Abstract]
Cited for: INTERACTION WITH SML1, ENZYME REGULATION.
[5]"Yeast ribonucleotide reductase has a heterodimeric iron-radical-containing subunit."
Chabes A., Domkin V., Larsson G., Liu A., Graeslund A., Wijmenga S., Thelander L.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:2474-2479(2000) [PubMed: 10716984] [Abstract]
Cited for: SUBUNIT, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES.
[6]"Yeast DNA damage-inducible Rnr3 has a very low catalytic activity strongly stimulated after the formation of a cross-talking Rnr1/Rnr3 complex."
Domkin V., Thelander L., Chabes A.
J. Biol. Chem. 277:18574-18578(2002) [PubMed: 11893751] [Abstract]
Cited for: FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF CYS-428.
[7]"Global analysis of protein expression in yeast."
Ghaemmaghami S., Huh W.-K., Bower K., Howson R.W., Belle A., Dephoure N., O'Shea E.K., Weissman J.S.
Nature 425:737-741(2003) [PubMed: 14562106] [Abstract]
Cited for: LEVEL OF PROTEIN EXPRESSION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
[8]"Subcellular localization of yeast ribonucleotide reductase regulated by the DNA replication and damage checkpoint pathways."
Yao R., Zhang Z., An X., Bucci B., Perlstein D.L., Stubbe J., Huang M.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:6628-6633(2003) [PubMed: 12732713] [Abstract]
Cited for: SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
[9]"Quantitative phosphoproteomics applied to the yeast pheromone signaling pathway."
Gruhler A., Olsen J.V., Mohammed S., Mortensen P., Faergeman N.J., Mann M., Jensen O.N.
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 4:310-327(2005) [PubMed: 15665377] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-816, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[10]"Proteome-wide identification of in vivo targets of DNA damage checkpoint kinases."
Smolka M.B., Albuquerque C.P., Chen S.H., Zhou H.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 104:10364-10369(2007) [PubMed: 17563356] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-816, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[11]"A multidimensional chromatography technology for in-depth phosphoproteome analysis."
Albuquerque C.P., Smolka M.B., Payne S.H., Bafna V., Eng J., Zhou H.
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 7:1389-1396(2008) [PubMed: 18407956] [Abstract]
Cited for: PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-227; SER-809; SER-812; SER-816; SER-837 AND SER-887, MASS SPECTROMETRY.
[12]"Structures of eukaryotic ribonucleotide reductase I provide insights into dNTP regulation."
Xu H., Faber C., Uchiki T., Fairman J.W., Racca J., Dealwis C.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:4022-4027(2006) [PubMed: 16537479] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.20 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEXES WITH CDP; UDP; TTP; GDP; GTP; ADP AND AMPPNP, DISULFIDE BOND.
[13]"Structures of eukaryotic ribonucleotide reductase I define gemcitabine diphosphate binding and subunit assembly."
Xu H., Faber C., Uchiki T., Racca J., Dealwis C.
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 103:4028-4033(2006) [PubMed: 16537480] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.30 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEXES WITH GEMCITABINE DIPHOSPHATE AND R2 PEPTIDES, SUBUNIT.
[14]"The structural basis for peptidomimetic inhibition of eukaryotic ribonucleotide reductase: a conformationally flexible pharmacophore."
Xu H., Fairman J.W., Wijerathna S.R., Kreischer N.R., LaMacchia J., Helmbrecht E., Cooperman B.S., Dealwis C.
J. Med. Chem. 51:4653-4659(2008) [PubMed: 18610997] [Abstract]
Cited for: X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.52 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH PEPTIDE INHIBITORS, SUBUNIT.
+Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ
U18813 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB64606.1.
X69216 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA49150.1.
X69217 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA49151.1.
PIRS50573.
RefSeqNP_010993.1.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj
EntryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1ZYZX-ray2.90A/B1-888[»]
1ZZDX-ray2.60A1-888[»]
2CVSX-ray2.60A1-888[»]
2CVTX-ray3.20A1-888[»]
2CVUX-ray2.90A1-888[»]
2CVVX-ray2.90A1-888[»]
2CVWX-ray2.40A1-888[»]
2CVXX-ray2.20A1-888[»]
2CVYX-ray2.40A1-888[»]
2EUDX-ray2.30A1-888[»]
2ZLFX-ray2.59A1-888[»]
2ZLGX-ray2.52A1-888[»]
ModBaseSearch...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIPDIP-6299N.
IntActP21524. 110 interactions.
STRINGP21524.

Proteomic databases

PeptideAtlasP21524.
PRIDEP21524.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblYER070W; YER070W; YER070W; Saccharomyces cerevisiae. [Genome view]
GeneID856801.
KEGGsce:YER070W.
NMPDRfig|4932.3.peg.2059.

Organism-specific databases

CYGDYER070w.
SGDS000000872. RNR1.

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGfuNOG04736.
HOGENOMHBG296647.
OMAVERPQQM.
OrthoDBEOG9JDJQ2.
PhylomeDBP21524.

Enzyme and pathway databases

BRENDA1.17.4.1. 250.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpressP21524.
GenevestigatorP21524.
GermOnlineYER070W. Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Family and domain databases

InterProIPR005144. ATP-cone.
IPR013346. NrdE_NrdA.
IPR013509. Ribncl_Rdtase_lsu_N.
IPR000788. Ribncl_red_lg_C.
IPR008926. Ribnucl_Rdtase_R1-su_N.
[Graphical view]
PANTHERPTHR11573. Ribncl_red_lg_C. 1 hit.
PfamPF03477. ATP-cone. 1 hit.
PF02867. Ribonuc_red_lgC. 1 hit.
PF00317. Ribonuc_red_lgN. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
PRINTSPR01183. RIBORDTASEM1.
TIGRFAMsTIGR02506. NrdE_NrdA. 1 hit.
PROSITEPS51161. ATP_CONE. 1 hit.
PS00089. RIBORED_LARGE. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]
ProtoNetSearch...

Other Resources

NextBio983047.

Entry information

Entry nameRIR1_YEAST
AccessionPrimary (citable) accession number: P21524
Entry history
Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: May 1, 1991
Last sequence update: February 1, 1995
Last modified: February 9, 2010
This is version 104 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]
Entry statusReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation projectFPAP (Fungal Proteome Annotation Project)

Relevant documents

PATHWAY comments

Index of metabolic and biosynthesis pathways

PDB cross-references

Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references

SIMILARITY comments

Index of protein domains and families

Yeast

Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae): entries, gene names and cross-references to SGD

Yeast chromosome V

Yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) chromosome V: entries and gene names

Names and origin · Protein attributes · General annotation (Comments) · Ontologies · Binary interactions · Sequence annotation (Features) · Sequences · References · Cross-references · Entry information · Relevant documents