P20794 (MAK_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot
Last modified
May 29, 2013.
Version 121.
History...
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize order
Names·Attributes·General annotation·Ontologies·Interactions·Alt products·Sequence annotation·Sequences·References·Cross-refs·Entry info·DocumentsCustomize orderNames and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Serine/threonine-protein kinase MAK EC=2.7.11.22 Alternative name(s): Male germ cell-associated kinase | ||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome] | ||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo![]() |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 623 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Essential for the regulation of ciliary length and required for the long-term survival of photoreceptors By similarity. Phosphorylates FZR1 in a cell cycle-dependent manner. Plays a role in the transcriptional coactivation of AR. Could play an important function in spermatogenesis. May play a role in chromosomal stability in prostate cancer cells. Ref.1 Ref.8 Ref.9 |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Subunit structure | Interacts with RP1 By similarity. Interacts with AR and CDK20. Found in a complex containing MAK, AR and NCOA3. Interacts with FZR1 (via WD repeats). Ref.8 Ref.9 |
| Subcellular location | Nucleus. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › centrosome. Cytoplasm › cytoskeleton › spindle. Midbody. Cell projection › cilium › photoreceptor outer segment By similarity. Photoreceptor inner segment. Note: Localized in both the connecting cilia and the outer segment axonemes By similarity. Localized uniformly in nuclei during interphase, to the mitotic spindle and centrosomes during metaphase and anaphase, and also to midbody at anaphase until telophase. Ref.1 Ref.3 Ref.8 Ref.9 |
| Tissue specificity | Expressed in prostate cancer cell lines at generally higher levels than in normal prostate epithelial cell lines. Isoform 1 is expressed in kidney, testis, lung, trachea, and retina. Isoform 2 is retina-specific where it is expressed in rod and cone photoreceptors. Ref.1 Ref.3 |
| Induction | Up-regulated by dihydrotestosterone (DHT) in androgen-sensitive LNCaP prostate cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Up-regulation by DHT is transient, reaching maximum levels after 24 hours and decreases slightly after 48 hours. Ref.1 |
| Post-translational modification | Autophosphorylated. Phosphorylated on serine and threonine residues. Ref.1 Ref.9 |
| Involvement in disease | Retinitis pigmentosa 62 (RP62) [MIM:614181]: A retinal dystrophy belonging to the group of pigmentary retinopathies. Retinitis pigmentosa is characterized by retinal pigment deposits visible on fundus examination and primary loss of rod photoreceptor cells followed by secondary loss of cone photoreceptors. Patients typically have night vision blindness and loss of midperipheral visual field. As their condition progresses, they lose their far peripheral visual field and eventually central vision as well. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. CMGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. CDC2/CDKX subfamily. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
Ontologies
Binary interactions
With | Entry | #Exp. | IntAct | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AR | P10275 | 5 | EBI-3911321,EBI-608057 | |
| FZR1 | Q9UM11 | 7 | EBI-3911321,EBI-724997 |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 3 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | ||||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: P20794-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | ||||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: P20794-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 532-532: A → AEESIIKPIEKLSCNETFPEKLEDPQ | ||||||
| Isoform 3 (identifier: P20794-3) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 533-572: Missing. | ||||||
| Note: No experimental confirmation available. |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | Feature identifier | ||||
Molecule processing | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 623 | 623 | Serine/threonine-protein kinase MAK | PRO_0000086284 | |||||
Regions | |||||||||
| Domain | 4 – 284 | 281 | Protein kinase | ||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 10 – 18 | 9 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
| Compositional bias | 309 – 368 | 60 | Glu/Pro-rich | ||||||
Sites | |||||||||
| Active site | 125 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | ||||||
| Binding site | 33 | 1 | ATP By similarity | ||||||
Amino acid modifications | |||||||||
| Modified residue | 157 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis Ref.9 | ||||||
| Modified residue | 159 | 1 | Phosphotyrosine; by autocatalysis Ref.9 | ||||||
Natural variations | |||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 532 | 1 | A → AEESIIKPIEKLSCNETFPE KLEDPQ in isoform 2. | VSP_042470 | |||||
| Alternative sequence | 533 – 572 | 40 | Missing in isoform 3. | VSP_042471 | |||||
| Natural variant | 13 | 1 | G → S in RP62; results in a complete loss of kinase activity compared to wild-type. Ref.2 | VAR_066988 | |||||
| Natural variant | 27 | 1 | G → R in RP62. Ref.2 | VAR_066989 | |||||
| Natural variant | 130 | 1 | N → H in RP62; results in a complete loss of kinase activity compared to wild-type. Ref.2 | VAR_066990 | |||||
| Natural variant | 166 | 1 | R → H in RP62. Ref.2 | VAR_066991 | |||||
| Natural variant | 181 | 1 | I → T in RP62. Ref.2 | VAR_066992 | |||||
| Natural variant | 189 | 1 | I → V. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs56215624 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_042006 | |||||
| Natural variant | 272 | 1 | R → P in a breast infiltrating ductal carcinoma sample; somatic mutation. Ref.10 | VAR_042007 | |||||
| Natural variant | 325 | 1 | P → L. Ref.2 | VAR_066993 | |||||
| Natural variant | 329 | 1 | D → E. Corresponds to variant rs17579447 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_053932 | |||||
| Natural variant | 384 | 1 | N → S. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs55773478 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_042008 | |||||
| Natural variant | 520 | 1 | P → S. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs567083 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_042009 | |||||
| Natural variant | 550 | 1 | F → L. Ref.10 Corresponds to variant rs56217305 [ dbSNP | Ensembl ]. | VAR_042010 | |||||
Experimental info | |||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 33 | 1 | K → R: Abolishes autophosphorylation. Ref.1 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 157 | 1 | T → A: Abolishes autophosphorylation and impairs kinase activity. Ref.9 | ||||||
| Mutagenesis | 159 | 1 | Y → F: Abolishes autophosphorylation and impairs kinase activity. Ref.9 | ||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "Identification of human male germ cell-associated kinase, a kinase transcriptionally activated by androgen in prostate cancer cells." Xia L., Robinson D., Ma A.H., Chen H.C., Wu F., Qiu Y., Kung H.J. J. Biol. Chem. 277:35422-35433(2002) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), FUNCTION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION, AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION, PHOSPHORYLATION, MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-33. Tissue: Testis. |
| [2] | "Exome sequencing and cis-regulatory mapping identify mutations in MAK, a gene encoding a regulator of ciliary length, as a cause of retinitis pigmentosa." Ozgul R.K., Siemiatkowska A.M., Yucel D., Myers C.A., Collin R.W., Zonneveld M.N., Beryozkin A., Banin E., Hoyng C.B., van den Born L.I., Bose R., Shen W., Sharon D., Cremers F.P., Klevering B.J., den Hollander A.I., Corbo J.C. Am. J. Hum. Genet. 89:253-264(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORM 2), VARIANTS RP62 SER-13; ARG-27; HIS-130; HIS-166 AND THR-181, CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS RP62 SER-13 AND HIS-130, VARIANT LEU-325. Tissue: Retina. |
| [3] | "Exome sequencing and analysis of induced pluripotent stem cells identify the cilia-related gene male germ cell-associated kinase (MAK) as a cause of retinitis pigmentosa." Tucker B.A., Scheetz T.E., Mullins R.F., DeLuca A.P., Hoffmann J.M., Johnston R.M., Jacobson S.G., Sheffield V.C., Stone E.M. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:E569-E576(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), ALTERNATIVE SPLICING (ISOFORM 2), SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, INVOLVEMENT IN RP62. Tissue: Retina. |
| [4] | "Full-length transcriptome analysis of human retina-derived cell lines ARPE-19 and Y79 using the vector-capping method." Oshikawa M., Tsutsui C., Ikegami T., Fuchida Y., Matsubara M., Toyama S., Usami R., Ohtoko K., Kato S. Invest. Ophthalmol. Vis. Sci. 52:6662-6670(2011) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 3). Tissue: Retinoblastoma. |
| [5] | "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6." Mungall A.J., Palmer S.A., Sims S.K., Edwards C.A., Ashurst J.L., Wilming L., Jones M.C., Horton R., Hunt S.E., Scott C.E., Gilbert J.G.R., Clamp M.E., Bethel G., Milne S., Ainscough R., Almeida J.P., Ambrose K.D., Andrews T.D. Beck S.Nature 425:805-811(2003) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [6] | Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. Venter J.C.Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. |
| [7] | "A novel mammalian protein kinase gene (mak) is highly expressed in testicular germ cells at and after meiosis." Matsushime H., Jinno A., Takagi N., Shibuya M. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:2261-2268(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 121-163. |
| [8] | "Male germ cell-associated kinase, a male-specific kinase regulated by androgen, is a coactivator of androgen receptor in prostate cancer cells." Ma A.H., Xia L., Desai S.J., Boucher D.L., Guan Y., Shih H.M., Shi X.B., deVere White R.W., Chen H.W., Tepper C.G., Kung H.J. Cancer Res. 66:8439-8447(2006) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH AR, SUBUNIT, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION. |
| [9] | "Male germ cell-associated kinase is overexpressed in prostate cancer cells and causes mitotic defects via deregulation of APC/C(CDH1)." Wang L.Y., Kung H.J. Oncogene 31:2907-2918(2012) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH CDK20 AND FZR1, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AUTOPHOSPHORYLATION AT THR-157 AND TYR-159, MUTAGENESIS OF THR-157 AND TYR-159. |
| [10] | "Patterns of somatic mutation in human cancer genomes." Greenman C., Stephens P., Smith R., Dalgliesh G.L., Hunter C., Bignell G., Davies H., Teague J., Butler A., Stevens C., Edkins S., O'Meara S., Vastrik I., Schmidt E.E., Avis T., Barthorpe S., Bhamra G., Buck G. Stratton M.R.Nature 446:153-158(2007) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANTS [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] VAL-189; PRO-272; SER-384; SER-520 AND LEU-550. |
| + | Additional computationally mapped references. |
Cross-references
Sequence databases | |
|---|---|
| EMBL GenBank DDBJ | AF505623 mRNA. Translation: AAN16405.1. JN226411 mRNA. Translation: AEL29206.1. AB593146 mRNA. Translation: BAJ84080.1. AL024498 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAB75823.1. CH471087 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAW55283.1. M35863 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAA36195.1. |
| IPI | IPI00025489. IPI01011223. |
| PIR | B34711. |
| RefSeq | NP_001229314.1. NM_001242385.1. NP_001229886.1. NM_001242957.1. NP_005897.1. NM_005906.4. |
| UniGene | Hs.446125. |
3D structure databases | |
| ProteinModelPortal | P20794. |
| ModBase | Search... |
Protein-protein interaction databases | |
| IntAct | P20794. 10 interactions. |
| STRING | 9606.ENSP00000313021. |
PTM databases | |
| PhosphoSite | P20794. |
Polymorphism databases | |
| DMDM | 13432166. |
Proteomic databases | |
| PaxDb | P20794. |
| PRIDE | P20794. |
Protocols and materials databases | |
| DNASU | 4117. |
| StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase | Search... |
Genome annotation databases | |
| Ensembl | ENST00000313243; ENSP00000313021; ENSG00000111837. ENST00000354489; ENSP00000346484; ENSG00000111837. |
| GeneID | 4117. |
| KEGG | hsa:4117. |
| UCSC | uc003mzm.3. human. uc021yll.1. human. |
Organism-specific databases | |
| CTD | 4117. |
| GeneCards | GC06M010820. |
| HGNC | HGNC:6816. MAK. |
| HPA | HPA039092. |
| MIM | 154235. gene. 614181. phenotype. |
| neXtProt | NX_P20794. |
| Orphanet | 791. Retinitis pigmentosa. |
| PharmGKB | PA30564. |
| GenAtlas | Search... |
Phylogenomic databases | |
| eggNOG | COG0515. |
| HOGENOM | HOG000233024. |
| HOVERGEN | HBG014652. |
| InParanoid | P20794. |
| KO | K08829. |
| OMA | NLGSYAT. |
| OrthoDB | EOG41RPTH. |
| PhylomeDB | P20794. |
Enzyme and pathway databases | |
| BRENDA | 2.7.11.22. 2681. |
| SignaLink | P20794. |
Gene expression databases | |
| ArrayExpress | P20794. |
| Bgee | P20794. |
| CleanEx | HS_MAK. |
| Genevestigator | P20794. |
| GermOnline | ENSG00000111837. Homo sapiens. |
Family and domain databases | |
| InterPro | IPR011009. Kinase-like_dom. IPR000719. Prot_kinase_cat_dom. IPR017441. Protein_kinase_ATP_BS. IPR002290. Ser/Thr_dual-sp_kinase_dom. IPR008271. Ser/Thr_kinase_AS. [Graphical view] |
| Pfam | PF00069. Pkinase. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SMART | SM00220. S_TKc. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| SUPFAM | SSF56112. Kinase_like. 1 hit. |
| PROSITE | PS00107. PROTEIN_KINASE_ATP. 1 hit. PS50011. PROTEIN_KINASE_DOM. 1 hit. PS00108. PROTEIN_KINASE_ST. 1 hit. [Graphical view] |
| ProtoNet | Search... |
Other | |
| BindingDB | P20794. |
| ChEMBL | CHEMBL1163106. |
| GenomeRNAi | 4117. |
| NextBio | 16166. |
| SOURCE | Search... |
Entry information
| Entry name | MAK_HUMAN | ||||||||
| Accession | Primary (citable) accession number: P20794 Secondary accession number(s): F1T0K6 Q9NUH7 | ||||||||
| Entry history |
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| Entry status | Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot) | ||||||||
| Annotation program | Chordata Protein Annotation Program | ||||||||
| Disclaimer | Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care. | ||||||||
Relevant documents
| Human and mouse protein kinases Human and mouse protein kinases: classification and index |
| Human chromosome 6 Human chromosome 6: entries, gene names and cross-references to MIM |
| Human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations List of human entries with polymorphisms or disease mutations |
| Human polymorphisms and disease mutations Index of human polymorphisms and disease mutations |
| MIM cross-references Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man (MIM) cross-references in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot |
| SIMILARITY comments Index of protein domains and families |

Clusters with
