P19875 (CXCL2_HUMAN) Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
C-X-C motif chemokine 2

Alternative name(s):
Growth-regulated protein beta
Short name=Gro-beta
Macrophage inflammatory protein 2-alpha
Short name=MIP2-alpha

Cleaved into the following chain:

1. GRO-beta(5-73)
   Alternative name(s):
   GRO-beta-T
   Hematopoietic synergistic factor
   Short name=HSF
   SB-251353

Gene names

Name:	CXCL2
Synonyms:	GRO2, GROB, MIP2A, SCYB2

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human) [Reference proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

cellular organisms › Eukaryota › Opisthokonta › Metazoa › Eumetazoa › Bilateria › Deuterostomia › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Gnathostomata › Teleostomi › Euteleostomi › Sarcopterygii › Tetrapoda › Amniota › Mammalia › Theria › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Simiiformes › Catarrhini › Hominoidea › Hominidae › Homininae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	107 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Produced by activated monocytes and neutrophils and expressed at sites of inflammation. Hematoregulatory chemokine, which, in vitro, suppresses hematopoietic progenitor cell proliferation. GRO-beta(5-73) shows a highly enhanced hematopoietic activity. Ref.9
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Post-translational modification	The N-terminal processed form GRO-beta(5-73) is produced by proteolytic cleavage after secretion from bone marrow stromal cells.
Pharmaceutical use	GRO-beta(5-73) is available under the name Garnocestim as immunomodulator. It is used prior to hematopoietic transplantation for peripheral blood stem cell mobilization and reduction of incidence, duration, and/or severity of chemotherapy induced cytopenias.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Chemotaxis Inflammatory response
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Cytokine
PTM	Disulfide bond
Technical term	3D-structure Complete proteome Direct protein sequencing Pharmaceutical Reference proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological_process	chemotaxis Traceable author statement PubMed 2643119. Source: ProtInc immune response Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro inflammatory response Traceable author statement PubMed 2643119. Source: ProtInc response to molecule of bacterial origin Inferred from direct assay PubMed 19912257. Source: BHF-UCL
Cellular_component	extracellular space Traceable author statement PubMed 9873037. Source: ProtInc
Molecular_function	chemokine activity Traceable author statement PubMed 9873037. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 34

34

Chain

35 – 107

73

C-X-C motif chemokine 2

PRO_0000005063

Chain

39 – 107

69

GRO-beta(5-73)

PRO_0000005064

Amino acid modifications

Disulfide bond

43 ↔ 69

Disulfide bond

45 ↔ 85

Secondary structure

1

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.

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107

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Beta strand

49 – 51

3

Turn

54 – 56

3

Beta strand

57 – 63

7

Beta strand

73 – 78

6

Beta strand

83 – 86

4

Turn

93 – 95

3

Turn

98 – 102

5

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P19875 [UniParc]. Last modified February 1, 1991. Version 1. Checksum: 740F277E928571BA	FASTA	107	11,389
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MARATLSAAP SNPRLLRVAL LLLLLVAASR RAAGAPLATE LRCQCLQTLQ GIHLKNIQSV 70 80 90 100 KVKSPGPHCA QTEVIATLKN GQKACLNPAS PMVKKIIEKM LKNGKSN

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Cloning and characterization of cDNAs for murine macrophage inflammatory protein 2 and its human homologues." Tekamp-Olson P., Gallegos C., Bauer D., McClain J., Sherry B., Fabre M., van Deventer S., Cerami A. J. Exp. Med. 172:911-919(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. Tissue: Histiocytic lymphoma.
[2]	"Cloning and sequencing of a new gro transcript from activated human monocytes: expression in leukocytes and wound tissue." Iida N., Grotendorst G.R. Mol. Cell. Biol. 10:5596-5599(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]	"Identification of three related human GRO genes encoding cytokine functions." Haskill S., Peace A., Morris J., Sporn S.A., Anisowicz A., Lee S.W., Smith T., Martin G., Ralph P., Sager R. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 87:7732-7736(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[4]	"Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry vector (pDONR201)." Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B. Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
[5]	Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M., Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J., Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S., Turner R. , Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H., Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K., Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D., Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C. Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
[6]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Eye.
[7]	Jang J.S., Kim B.E. Submitted (JAN-1998) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 35-107.
[8]	"Monocyte adherence results in selective induction of novel genes sharing homology with mediators of inflammation and tissue repair." Sporn S.A., Eierman D.F., Johnson C.E., Morris J., Martin G., Ladner M., Haskill S. J. Immunol. 144:4434-4441(1990) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 56-107.
[9]	"Identification of unique truncated KC/GRO beta chemokines with potent hematopoietic and anti-infective activities." King A.G., Johanson K., Frey C.L., DeMarsh P.L., White J.R., McDevitt P., McNulty D., Balcarek J., Jonak Z.L., Bhatnagar P.K., Pelus L.M. J. Immunol. 164:3774-3782(2000) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 39-56, IDENTIFICATION OF GRO-BETA(5-73) BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, PROTEOLYTIC PROCESSING OF N-TERMINUS, FUNCTION.
[10]	"Nuclear magnetic resonance solution structure of truncated human GRObeta [5-73] and its structural comparison with CXC chemokine family members GROalpha and IL-8." Qian Y.Q., Johanson K.O., McDevitt P. J. Mol. Biol. 294:1065-1072(1999) [PubMed] [Europe PMC] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 39-107.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Web resources

Wikipedia

CXCL2 entry

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBL
GenBank
DDBJ

X53799 mRNA. Translation: CAA37808.1.
M36820 mRNA. Translation: AAA63183.1.
M57731 mRNA. Translation: AAA63182.1.
CR542171 mRNA. Translation: CAG46968.1.
CH471057 Genomic DNA. Translation: EAX05700.1.
BC015753 mRNA. Translation: AAH15753.1.
AF043340 mRNA. Translation: AAC03540.1.

IPI

IPI00021067.

PIR

JH0281.

RefSeq

NP_002080.1. NM_002089.3.

UniGene

Hs.75765.

3D structure databases

PDBe
RCSB PDB
PDBj

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1QNK	NMR	-	A/B	39-107	[»]

ProteinModelPortal

P19875.

ModBase

Search...

Protein-protein interaction databases

DIP

DIP-5908N.

IntAct

P19875. 2 interactions.

MINT

MINT-6491498.

STRING

9606.ENSP00000264492.

Polymorphism databases

DMDM

127085.

Proteomic databases

PaxDb

P19875.

PRIDE

P19875.

Protocols and materials databases

DNASU

2920.

StructuralBiologyKnowledgebase

Search...

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENST00000508487; ENSP00000427279; ENSG00000081041.

GeneID

2920.

KEGG

hsa:2920.

UCSC

uc003hhm.4. human.

Organism-specific databases

CTD

2920.

GeneCards

GC04M074962.

HGNC

HGNC:4603. CXCL2.

MIM

139110. gene.

neXtProt

NX_P19875.

PharmGKB

PA35051.

GenAtlas

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOG

NOG83801.

HOGENOM

HOG000220915.

HOVERGEN

HBG107789.

KO

K05505.

OMA

CIETHSK.

PhylomeDB

P19875.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactome

REACT_111102. Signal Transduction.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P19875.

Bgee

P19875.

CleanEx

HS_CXCL2.

Genevestigator

P19875.

GermOnline

ENSG00000081041. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR001089. Chemokine_CXC.
IPR018048. Chemokine_CXC_CS.
IPR001811. Chemokine_IL8-like_dom.
[Graphical view]

PANTHER

PTHR10179. PTHR10179. 1 hit.

Pfam

PF00048. IL8. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

PRINTS

PR00437. SMALLCYTKCXC.

SMART

SM00199. SCY. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

SUPFAM

SSF54117. Chemokine_IL8. 1 hit.

PROSITE

PS00471. SMALL_CYTOKINES_CXC. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other

EvolutionaryTrace

P19875.

GenomeRNAi

2920.

NextBio

11577.

PMAP-CutDB

P19875.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CXCL2_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P19875
Secondary accession number(s): Q6FGD6, Q9UPB8

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	February 1, 1991
Last sequence update:	February 1, 1991
Last modified:	May 1, 2013
This is version 133 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation program

Chordata Protein Annotation Program

Disclaimer

Any medical or genetic information present in this entry is provided for research, educational and informational purposes only. It is not in any way intended to be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, treatment or care.