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UniProtKB - P19339 (SXL_DROME)

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Protein

Protein sex-lethal

Gene

Sxl

Organism
Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
Status
Reviewed-Annotation score: Annotation score: 5 out of 5-Experimental evidence at protein leveli

Functioni

Sex determination switch protein which controls sexual development by sex-specific splicing. Regulates dosage compensation in females by suppressing hyperactivation of X-linked genes. Expression of the embryo-specific isoform is under the control of primary sex-determining signal, which depends on the ratio of X chromosomes relative to autosomes (X:A ratio). Expression occurs in 2X:2A cells, but not in X:2A cells. The X:A ratio seems to be signaled by the relative concentration of the X-linked transcription factors SIS-A and SIS-B. As a result, the embryo-specific product is expressed early only in female embryos and specifies female-adult specific splicing; in the male where it is not expressed, the default splicing gives rise to a truncated non-functional protein. The female-specific isoform specifies the splicing of its own transcript, thereby initiating a positive autoregulatory feedback loop leading to female development pathway. The female-specific isoform controls the sex-specific splicing of transformer (TRA); acts as a translational repressor for male-specific lethal-2 (MSL-2) and prevents male-less (MLE), MSL-1 and MSL-3 proteins from associating with the female X chromosome.3 Publications

GO - Molecular functioni

  • growth factor activity Source: FlyBase
  • mRNA 3'-UTR binding Source: FlyBase
  • mRNA 5'-UTR binding Source: FlyBase
  • mRNA binding Source: FlyBase
  • poly(U) RNA binding Source: FlyBase
  • poly-pyrimidine tract binding Source: FlyBase
  • translation repressor activity, nucleic acid binding Source: FlyBase
Complete GO annotation...

GO - Biological processi

  • alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome Source: FlyBase
  • dosage compensation Source: FlyBase
  • female germ-line sex determination Source: FlyBase
  • female sex determination Source: FlyBase
  • female somatic sex determination Source: FlyBase
  • imaginal disc growth Source: FlyBase
  • mRNA splicing, via spliceosome Source: FlyBase
  • negative regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome Source: FlyBase
  • negative regulation of translation Source: FlyBase
  • oocyte differentiation Source: FlyBase
  • oogenesis Source: FlyBase
  • reciprocal meiotic recombination Source: FlyBase
  • regulation of alternative mRNA splicing, via spliceosome Source: FlyBase
  • regulation of mRNA splicing, via spliceosome Source: FlyBase
  • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB-KW
  • sex determination Source: FlyBase
  • sex determination, primary response to X:A ratio Source: FlyBase
  • sex differentiation Source: FlyBase
  • smoothened signaling pathway Source: FlyBase
  • somatic sex determination Source: FlyBase
  • transcription, DNA-templated Source: UniProtKB-KW
Complete GO annotation...

Keywordsi

Molecular functionRNA-binding
Biological processDifferentiation, Sexual differentiation, Transcription, Transcription regulation

Names & Taxonomyi

Protein namesi
Recommended name:
Protein sex-lethal
Gene namesi
Name:Sxl
Synonyms:Sx1
ORF Names:CG43770
OrganismiDrosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly)
Taxonomic identifieri7227 [NCBI]
Taxonomic lineageiEukaryota › Metazoa › Ecdysozoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Holometabola › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora ›
Proteomesi
  • UP000000803 Componenti: Chromosome X

Organism-specific databases

FlyBaseiFBgn0264270. Sxl.

Subcellular locationi

GO - Cellular componenti

  • cytoplasm Source: FlyBase
  • protein complex Source: FlyBase
Complete GO annotation...

PTM / Processingi

Molecule processing

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
ChainiPRO_00000819671 – 354Protein sex-lethalAdd BLAST354

Proteomic databases

PaxDbiP19339.
PRIDEiP19339.

Expressioni

Tissue specificityi

Expressed in somatic tissues, but not in the pole cells, which are the precursors of the germline.

Developmental stagei

Isoform 1 is embryo-specific. Isoform CM1 is male-specific. Isoforms MS3, MS11 and MS16 are female specific. Isoform 1 is expressed for a brief period during the syncytial blastoderm stage. Isoform MS11 is expressed in 4-7 hours embryo.2 Publications

Gene expression databases

BgeeiFBgn0264270.
ExpressionAtlasiP19339. differential.
GenevisibleiP19339. DM.

Interactioni

Subunit structurei

Part of a complex containing fl2d, Sxl and vir.1 Publication

GO - Molecular functioni

  • growth factor activity Source: FlyBase
Complete GO annotation...

Protein-protein interaction databases

BioGridi533777. 64 interactors.
DIPiDIP-44607N.
IntActiP19339. 8 interactors.
MINTiMINT-276991.
STRINGi7227.FBpp0303712.

Structurei

Secondary structure

1354
Legend: HelixTurnBeta strandPDB Structure known for this area
Show more details
Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Beta strandi125 – 130Combined sources6
Helixi138 – 146Combined sources9
Beta strandi151 – 155Combined sources5
Turni160 – 163Combined sources4
Beta strandi167 – 175Combined sources9
Helixi176 – 186Combined sources11
Beta strandi190 – 193Combined sources4
Beta strandi197 – 200Combined sources4
Turni207 – 210Combined sources4
Beta strandi212 – 217Combined sources6
Helixi224 – 231Combined sources8
Beta strandi233 – 235Combined sources3
Beta strandi237 – 244Combined sources8
Turni246 – 248Combined sources3
Beta strandi251 – 261Combined sources11
Helixi262 – 272Combined sources11
Beta strandi285 – 288Combined sources4

3D structure databases

Select the link destinations:
PDBei
RCSB PDBi
PDBji
Links Updated
PDB entryMethodResolution (Å)ChainPositionsPDBsum
1B7FX-ray2.60A/B122-289[»]
1SXLNMR-A199-294[»]
2SXLNMR-A122-209[»]
3SXLX-ray2.70A/B/C111-294[»]
4QQBX-ray2.80A/B122-294[»]
ProteinModelPortaliP19339.
SMRiP19339.
ModBaseiSearch...
MobiDBiSearch...

Miscellaneous databases

EvolutionaryTraceiP19339.

Family & Domainsi

Domains and Repeats

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Domaini125 – 203RRM 1PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST79
Domaini211 – 291RRM 2PROSITE-ProRule annotationAdd BLAST81

Compositional bias

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Compositional biasi1 – 32Asn/Gly-richAdd BLAST32
Compositional biasi57 – 60Poly-Ser4
Compositional biasi312 – 319Poly-Pro8

Domaini

The Gly-Asn rich domain is required for the cooperative interaction with RNA and for regulating the splicing activity.

Keywords - Domaini

Repeat

Phylogenomic databases

eggNOGiENOG410IQXB. Eukaryota.
ENOG411112S. LUCA.
InParanoidiP19339.
KOiK18747.
OMAiDTEFTFP.
OrthoDBiEOG091G0G9L.
PhylomeDBiP19339.

Family and domain databases

InterProiView protein in InterPro
IPR002343. Hud_Sxl_RNA.
IPR000504. RRM_dom.
IPR006546. Sxl.
PfamiView protein in Pfam
PF00076. RRM_1. 2 hits.
PRINTSiPR00961. HUDSXLRNA.
SMARTiView protein in SMART
SM00360. RRM. 2 hits.
SUPFAMiSSF54928. SSF54928. 1 hit.
TIGRFAMsiTIGR01659. sex-lethal. 1 hit.
PROSITEiView protein in PROSITE
PS50102. RRM. 2 hits.

Sequences (14)i

Sequence statusi: Complete.

This entry describes 14 isoformsi produced by alternative splicing. AlignAdd to basket

Note: Additional isoforms seem to exist.
Isoform MS3 (identifier: P19339-1) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: CF1, D, female-specific, L, T

This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry.

« Hide

        10         20         30         40         50
MYGNNNPGSN NNNGGYPPYG YNNKSSGGRG FGMSHSLPSG MSRYAFSPQD 
        60         70         80         90        100
TEFSFPSSSS RRGYNDFPGC GGSGGNGGSA NNLGGGNMCH LPPMASNNSL 
       110        120        130        140        150
NNLCGLSLGS GGSDDLMNDP RASNTNLIVN YLPQDMTDRE LYALFRAIGP 
       160        170        180        190        200
INTCRIMRDY KTGYSFGYAF VDFTSEMDSQ RAIKVLNGIT VRNKRLKVSY 
       210        220        230        240        250
ARPGGESIKD TNLYVTNLPR TITDDQLDTI FGKYGSIVQK NILRDKLTGR 
       260        270        280        290        300
PRGVAFVRYN KREEAQEAIS ALNNVIPEGG SQPLSVRLAE EHGKAKAAHF 
       310        320        330        340        350
MSQMGVVPAN VPPPPPQPPA HMAAAFNMMH RGRSIKSQQR FQNSHPYFDA 

KKFI
Length:354
Mass (Da):38,549
Last modified:November 1, 1990 - v1
Checksum:i4E443D3BC88B134E
GO
Isoform 1 (identifier: P19339-2) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-25: MYGNNNPGSNNNNGGYPPYGYNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNFKMA

Show »
Length:352
Mass (Da):38,542
Checksum:iFD5C0EE4F86C8A29
GO
Isoform A (identifier: P19339-10) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: E, U

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-32: Missing.
     42-49: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:314
Mass (Da):34,304
Checksum:i8CB2DCA31C482659
GO
Isoform C (identifier: P19339-8) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: N

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-25: MYGNNNPGSNNNNGGYPPYGYNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNFKMA
     42-49: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:344
Mass (Da):37,605
Checksum:i98D4D7D547D4D55D
GO
Isoform CM1 (identifier: P19339-3) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: B, F, M

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     26-48: SGGRGFGMSHSLPSGMSRYAFSP → RHIFFHSPERSSHHYHRKAKDTH
     49-354: Missing.

Show »
Length:48
Mass (Da):5,601
Checksum:i0900E728FB154B24
GO
Isoform G (identifier: P19339-7) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: J

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     42-49: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:346
Mass (Da):37,612
Checksum:iDD93EDFA9C166C35
GO
Isoform W (identifier: P19339-9) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     42-49: Missing.
     333-354: RSIKSQQRFQNSHPYFDAKKFI → ENFADLLDGLYRRKYHYPYL

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:344
Mass (Da):37,433
Checksum:i1093D98D4591E81E
GO
Isoform K (identifier: P19339-11) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: Q

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     27-42: GGRGFGMSHSLPSGMS → PERSSHHYHRKAKDTH
     43-354: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:42
Mass (Da):4,763
Checksum:i7AFD03F36F4BEA11
GO
Isoform MS11 (identifier: P19339-4) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: H

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     42-49: Missing.
     332-354: GRSIKSQQRFQNSHPYFDAKKFI → DGAMEKLRSLFDAICDAIFGLDSENFADLLDGLYRRKYHYPYL

Show »
Length:366
Mass (Da):39,846
Checksum:iE7202AB9FFD0772B
GO
Isoform MS16 (identifier: P19339-5) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket
Also known as: P

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     333-354: RSIKSQQRFQNSHPYFDAKKFI → ENFADLLDGLYRRKYHYPYL

Show »
Length:352
Mass (Da):38,370
Checksum:i30528D103AEA1523
GO
Isoform O (identifier: P19339-6) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-25: MYGNNNPGSNNNNGGYPPYGYNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNFKMA
     42-49: Missing.
     332-354: GRSIKSQQRFQNSHPYFDAKKFI → DGAMEKLRSLFDAICDAIFGLDSENFADLLDGLYRRKYHYPYL

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:364
Mass (Da):39,839
Checksum:i180D2C7B3316D85D
GO
Isoform R (identifier: P19339-12) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-25: MYGNNNPGSNNNNGGYPPYGYNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNFKMA
     42-49: Missing.
     333-354: RSIKSQQRFQNSHPYFDAKKFI → ENFADLLDGLYRRKYHYPYL

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:342
Mass (Da):37,426
Checksum:iAABC024FFCF99F76
GO
Isoform S (identifier: P19339-13) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-32: Missing.

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:322
Mass (Da):35,241
Checksum:i54C3A1F020F451FF
GO
Isoform V (identifier: P19339-14) [UniParc]FASTAAdd to basket

The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows:
     1-25: MYGNNNPGSNNNNGGYPPYGYNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNFKMARNGIDSSY

Note: No experimental confirmation available.
Show »
Length:360
Mass (Da):39,435
Checksum:iA56D6D64FB33528B
GO

Experimental Info

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Sequence conflicti93P → S in AAA28921 (PubMed:1710769).Curated1
Sequence conflicti96S → G in AAA28921 (PubMed:1710769).Curated1
Sequence conflicti96S → G in ACY56908 (Ref. 5) Curated1
Sequence conflicti96S → G in ADD20766 (Ref. 5) Curated1
Sequence conflicti273N → K in ACY56908 (Ref. 5) Curated1
Isoform 1 (identifier: P19339-2)
Sequence conflicti15S → C in AAB21845 (PubMed:1547493).Curated1

Alternative sequence

Feature keyPosition(s)DescriptionActionsGraphical viewLength
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0192871 – 32Missing in isoform A and isoform S. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST32
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0058811 – 25MYGNN…YNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNF KMA in isoform 1, isoform C, isoform O and isoform R. CuratedAdd BLAST25
Alternative sequenceiVSP_0405261 – 25MYGNN…YNNKS → MDFNFDTVTPCSTMSSYYNF KMARNGIDSSY in isoform V. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST25
Alternative sequenceiVSP_00588226 – 48SGGRG…YAFSP → RHIFFHSPERSSHHYHRKAK DTH in isoform CM1. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST23
Alternative sequenceiVSP_01928927 – 42GGRGF…PSGMS → PERSSHHYHRKAKDTH in isoform K. CuratedAdd BLAST16
Alternative sequenceiVSP_00588342 – 49Missing in isoform A, isoform C, isoform G, isoform W, isoform MS11, isoform O and isoform R. 2 Publications8
Alternative sequenceiVSP_01929043 – 354Missing in isoform K. CuratedAdd BLAST312
Alternative sequenceiVSP_00588449 – 354Missing in isoform CM1. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST306
Alternative sequenceiVSP_005885332 – 354GRSIK…AKKFI → DGAMEKLRSLFDAICDAIFG LDSENFADLLDGLYRRKYHY PYL in isoform MS11 and isoform O. 1 PublicationAdd BLAST23
Alternative sequenceiVSP_005886333 – 354RSIKS…AKKFI → ENFADLLDGLYRRKYHYPYL in isoform W, isoform MS16 and isoform R. 2 PublicationsAdd BLAST22

Sequence databases

Select the link destinations:
EMBLi
GenBanki
DDBJi
Links Updated
M23635 mRNA. Translation: AAA28885.1.
M23636 mRNA. Translation: AAA28884.1.
M59447 mRNA. Translation: AAA28922.1.
M59448 mRNA. Translation: AAA28921.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF46240.2.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF46241.4.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAG22410.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAG22411.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN09197.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN09198.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN09200.2.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAN09201.2.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAO41638.2.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAZ52509.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAZ52510.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAZ52511.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAZ52512.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAZ52513.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAZ52514.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: ACZ95222.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: ACZ95223.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: ACZ95224.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: ACZ95225.1.
AE014298 Genomic DNA. Translation: ACZ95226.1.
BT003583 mRNA. Translation: AAO39587.1.
BT099922 mRNA. Translation: ACX32993.1.
BT100240 mRNA. Translation: ACY56908.1.
BT120392 mRNA. Translation: ADD20766.1.
S88324 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAB21845.1.
D84425 Genomic DNA. Translation: BAA20294.1.
PIRiA31639.
A39725. B31639.
RefSeqiNP_001027062.1. NM_001031891.3. [P19339-6]
NP_001027063.1. NM_001031892.2. [P19339-8]
NP_001027064.1. NM_001031893.2. [P19339-3]
NP_001027065.1. NM_001031894.1. [P19339-1]
NP_001027066.1. NM_001031895.1. [P19339-11]
NP_001162686.1. NM_001169215.2. [P19339-5]
NP_001162687.1. NM_001169216.2. [P19339-11]
NP_001162688.1. NM_001169217.2. [P19339-12]
NP_001162689.1. NM_001169218.3. [P19339-13]
NP_001162690.1. NM_001169219.1. [P19339-1]
NP_001259305.1. NM_001272376.1. [P19339-11]
NP_001259306.1. NM_001272377.1. [P19339-3]
NP_524791.3. NM_080052.4. [P19339-8]
NP_727160.2. NM_167110.3. [P19339-7]
NP_727161.3. NM_167111.3. [P19339-9]
NP_727162.2. NM_167112.2. [P19339-1]
NP_727163.2. NM_167113.3. [P19339-10]
NP_727164.2. NM_167114.2. [P19339-4]
NP_727165.2. NM_167115.3. [P19339-10]
NP_727166.2. NM_167116.2. [P19339-7]
NP_727167.2. NM_167117.2. [P19339-3]
NP_727168.1. NM_167118.2. [P19339-3]
UniGeneiDm.4502.

Genome annotation databases

EnsemblMetazoaiFBtr0331255; FBpp0303697; FBgn0264270. [P19339-1]
FBtr0331262; FBpp0303704; FBgn0264270. [P19339-1]
FBtr0331268; FBpp0303710; FBgn0264270. [P19339-1]
GeneIDi3772180.
KEGGidme:Dmel_CG43770.
UCSCiCG18350-RE. d. melanogaster.
CG18350-RF. d. melanogaster.
CG18350-RL. d. melanogaster.
CG18350-RN. d. melanogaster.

Keywords - Coding sequence diversityi

Alternative splicing

Similar proteinsi

Links to similar proteins from the UniProt Reference Clusters (UniRef) at 100%, 90% and 50% sequence identity:
100%UniRef100 combines identical sequences and sub-fragments with 11 or more residues from any organism into one UniRef entry.
90%UniRef90 is built by clustering UniRef100 sequences that have at least 90% sequence identity to, and 80% overlap with, the longest sequence (a.k.a seed sequence).
50%UniRef50 is built by clustering UniRef90 seed sequences that have at least 50% sequence identity to, and 80% overlap with, the longest sequence in the cluster.

Entry informationi

Entry nameiSXL_DROME
AccessioniPrimary (citable) accession number: P19339
Secondary accession number(s): A4V434
, A4V435, A4V436, A4V437, C9QP40, D0IQK2, D3PFI6, E1JJI8, E1JJI9, E1JJJ0, E1JJJ2, E1JJJ3, P19340, Q0KHV2, Q26466, Q2MGN7, Q2MGN8, Q2MGN9, Q2MGP1, Q7KVU6, Q7YZ92, Q8IRQ1, Q99141, Q9TYF5, Q9W3S6
Entry historyiIntegrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot: November 1, 1990
Last sequence update: November 1, 1990
Last modified: July 5, 2017
This is version 179 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. See complete history.
Entry statusiReviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)
Annotation programDrosophila annotation project

Miscellaneousi

Keywords - Technical termi

3D-structure, Complete proteome, Reference proteome

Documents

  1. Drosophila
    Drosophila: entries, gene names and cross-references to FlyBase
  2. PDB cross-references
    Index of Protein Data Bank (PDB) cross-references