Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P18509 (PACA_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide
      Short name=PACAP
Cleaved into the following 3 chains:
    1- Recommended name:
            PACAP-related peptide
        Alternative name(s):
            PRP-48
    2- Recommended name:
            Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27
                Short name=PACAP-27
                Short name=PACAP27
    3- Recommended name:
            Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 38
                Short name=PACAP-38
                Short name=PACAP38

Gene names

Name:

ADCYAP1

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	176 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Stimulates adenylate cyclase in pituitary cells.
Subcellular location	Secreted.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the glucagon family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
Molecular function	Hormone
PTM	Amidation Cleavage on pair of basic residues
Technical term	3D-structure
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	activation of adenylate cyclase activity Ref.2 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc cell-cell signaling Ref.4 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc female pregnancy Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase signaling pathway Inferred from Experiment. Source: Reactome
Cellular component	extracellular region Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro soluble fraction Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Molecular function	neuropeptide hormone activity Ref.4 Traceable author statement. Source: ProtInc
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 24

24

Potential

Propeptide

25 – 79

55

PRO_0000011486

Peptide

82 – 129

48

PACAP-related peptide

PRO_0000011487

Peptide

132 – 169

38

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 38

PRO_0000011488

Peptide

132 – 158

27

Pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 27

PRO_0000011489

Propeptide

173 – 176

4

PRO_0000011490

Amino acid modifications

Modified residue

158

1

Leucine amide

Modified residue

169

1

Lysine amide

Natural variations

Natural variant

54

1

D → G: dbSNP rs2856966.

VAR_014597

Secondary structure

1

.

.

.

.

176

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Beta strand

135 – 139

5

Helix

140 – 150

11

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P18509-1 [UniParc]. Last modified May 10, 2005. Version 3. Checksum: 696DD57D2A510E1D	FASTA	176	18,835
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MTMCSGARLA LLVYGIIMHS SVYSSPAAAG LRFPGIRPEE EAYGEDGNPL PDFDGSEPPG 70 80 90 100 110 120 AGSPASAPRA AAAWYRPAGR RDVAHGILNE AYRKVLDQLS AGKHLQSLVA RGVGGSLGGG 130 140 150 160 170 AGDDAEPLSK RHSDGIFTDS YSRYRKQMAV KKYLAAVLGK RYKQRVKNKG RRIAYL

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Primary structure and characterization of the precursor to human pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide." Ohkubo S., Kimura C., Ogi K., Okazaki K., Hosoya M., Onda H., Miyata A., Arimura A., Fujino M. DNA Cell Biol. 11:21-30(1992) [PubMed: 1739432] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT GLY-54. Tissue: Testis.
[2]	"Structure of the human pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) gene." Hosoya M., Kimura C., Ogi K., Ohkubo S., Miyamoto Y., Kugoh H., Shimizu M., Onda H., Oshimura M., Arimura A., Fujino M. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1129:199-206(1992) [PubMed: 1730060] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], VARIANT GLY-54.
[3]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Tissue: Brain.
[4]	"A novel peptide which stimulates adenylate cyclase: molecular cloning and characterization of the ovine and human cDNAs." Kimura C., Ohkubo S., Ogi K., Hosoya M., Itoh Y., Onda H., Miyata A., Jiang L., Dahl R.R., Stibbs H.H., Arimura A., Fujino M. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 166:81-89(1990) [PubMed: 2302217] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 114-176.
[5]	"Solution structure of pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy." Wray V., Kakoschke C., Nokihara K., Naruse S. Biochemistry 32:5832-5841(1993) [PubMed: 8504103] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 132-169.
[6]	"Pituitary adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide (PACAP) with 27 residues. Conformation determined by 1H NMR and CD spectroscopies and distance geometry in 25% methanol solution." Inooka H., Endo S., Kitada C., Mizuta E., Fujino M. Int. J. Pept. Protein Res. 40:456-464(1992) [PubMed: 1483839] [Abstract] Cited for: STRUCTURE BY NMR OF 132-158.
[7]	"Genetic variation screening and association studies of the adenylate cyclase activating polypeptide 1 (ADCYAP1) gene in patients with type 2 diabetes." Gu H.F. Hum. Mutat. 19:572-573(2002) [PubMed: 11968092] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT GLY-54.
+	Additional computationally mapped references.

Cross-references

Sequence databases

EMBLGenBankDDBJ

S83513 mRNA. Translation: AAB21470.1.
X60435 Genomic DNA. Translation: CAA42962.1.
BC093837 mRNA. Translation: AAH93837.1.
BC101803 mRNA. Translation: AAI01804.1.

PIR

I84638.

RefSeq

NP_001093203.1.
NP_001108.2.

UniGene

Hs.531719

3D structure databases

PDBMSD

Entry	Method	Resolution (Å)	Chain	Positions	PDBsum
1GEA	NMR	-	A	132-151	[»]
2D2P	NMR	-	A	132-169	[»]
2JOD	NMR	-	B	137-169	[»]

ModBase

Search...

PTM databases

PhosphoSite

P18509.

Genome annotation databases

Ensembl

ENSG00000141433. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]

GeneID

116.

KEGG

hsa:116.

Organism-specific databases

HGNC

HGNC:241. ADCYAP1.

MIM

102980. gene.

PharmGKB

PA24564.

GenAtlas

Search...

GeneCards

Search...

Phylogenomic databases

HOGENOM

P18509.

HOVERGEN

P18509.

Enzyme and pathway databases

Reactome

REACT_11061. Signalling by NGF.

Gene expression databases

ArrayExpress

P18509.

CleanEx

HS_ADCYAP1.

GermOnline

ENSG00000141433. Homo sapiens.

Family and domain databases

InterPro

IPR000532. Glucagon_GIP_secretin_VIP.
[Graphical view]

Pfam

PF00123. Hormone_2. 2 hits.
[Graphical view]

PRINTS

PR00275. GLUCAGON.

SMART

SM00070. GLUCA. 2 hits.
[Graphical view]

PROSITE

PS00260. GLUCAGON. 1 hit.
[Graphical view]

ProtoNet

Search...

Other Resources

NextBio

449.

SOURCE

Search...

Entry information

Entry name

PACA_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P18509
Secondary accession number(s): Q52LQ0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	November 1, 1990
Last sequence update:	May 10, 2005
Last modified:	November 25, 2008
This is version 76 of the entry and version 3 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)