Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P17394 (DPOL_HBVB1)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Protein P
Including the following 3 domains:
    1- Recommended name:
            DNA-directed DNA polymerase
              EC=2.7.7.7
    2- Recommended name:
            RNA-directed DNA polymerase
              EC=2.7.7.49
    3- Recommended name:
            Ribonuclease H
              EC=3.1.26.4

Gene names

Name:

P

Organism

Hepatitis B virus genotype B1 subtype adw (isolate Japan/pJDW233/1988) (HBV-B) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

10413 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Viruses › Retro-transcribing viruses › Hepadnaviridae › Orthohepadnavirus

Virus host

Pan troglodytes (Chimpanzee) [TaxID: 9598]
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606]

Protein attributes

Sequence length	843 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Protein existence	Inferred from homology.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Multifunctional enzyme that converts the viral RNA genome into dsDNA in viral cytoplasmic capsids. This enzyme displays a DNA polymerase activity that can copy either DNA or RNA templates, and a ribonuclease H (RNase H) activity that cleaves the RNA strand of RNA-DNA heteroduplexes in a partially processive 3'- to 5'-endonucleasic mode. Neo-synthesized pregenomic RNA (pgRNA) are encapsidated together with the P protein, and reverse-transcribed inside the nucleocapsid. Initiation of reverse-transcription occurs first by binding the epsilon loop on the pgRNA genome, and is initiated by protein priming, thereby the 5'-end of (-)DNA is covalently linked to P protein. Partial (+)DNA is synthesized from the (-)DNA template and generates the relaxed circular DNA (RC-DNA) genome. After budding and infection, the RC-DNA migrates in the nucleus, and is converted into a plasmid-like covalently closed circular DNA (cccDNA). The activity of P protein does not seem to be necessary for cccDNA generation, and is presumably released from (+)DNA by host nuclear DNA repair machinery By similarity.
Catalytic activity	Deoxynucleoside triphosphate + DNA(n) = diphosphate + DNA(n+1). Endonucleolytic cleavage to 5'-phosphomonoester.
Enzyme regulation	Activated by host HSP70 and HSP40 in vitro to be able to bind the epsilon loop of the pgRNA. Because deletion of the RNase H region renders the protein partly chaperone-independent, the chaperones may be needed indirectly to releive occlusion of the RNA-binding site by this domain. Inhibited by several reverse-transcriptase inhibitors: Lamivudine, Adefovir and Entecavir By similarity.
Domain	Terminal protein domain (TP) is hepadnavirus-specific. Spacer domain is highly variable and separates the TP and RT domains. Polymerase/reverse-transcriptase domain (RT) and ribonuclease H domain (RH) are similar to retrovirus reverse transcriptase/RNase H By similarity. The polymerase/reverse transcriptase (RT) and ribonuclease H (RH) domains are structured in five subdomains: finger, palm, thumb, connection and RNase H. Within the palm subdomain, the 'primer grip' region is thought to be involved in the positioning of the primer terminus for accommodating the incoming nucleotide. The RH domain stabilizes the association of RT with primer-template By similarity.
Miscellaneous	Hepadnaviral virions contain probably just one P protein molecule per particle By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the hepadnaviridae P protein family. Contains 1 reverse transcriptase domain.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	DNA replication
Ligand	DNA-binding Magnesium Metal-binding
Molecular function	DNA-directed DNA polymerase Endonuclease Hydrolase Nuclease Nucleotidyltransferase RNA-directed DNA polymerase Transferase
Technical term	Complete proteome Multifunctional enzyme
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	RNA-dependent DNA replication Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Molecular function	DNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW DNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW RNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro RNA-directed DNA polymerase activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW magnesium ion binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW ribonuclease H activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: EC
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 843	843	Protein P		PRO_0000222341
Regions
	Domain	357 – 600	244	Reverse transcriptase
	Region	1 – 177	177	Terminal protein domain (TP) By similarity
	Region	178 – 346	169	Spacer By similarity
	Region	347 – 690	344	Polymerase/reverse transcriptase domain (RT) By similarity
	Region	691 – 843	153	RnaseH domain (RH) By similarity
Sites
	Metal binding	429	1	Magnesium; catalytic By similarity
	Metal binding	551	1	Magnesium; catalytic By similarity
	Metal binding	552	1	Magnesium; catalytic By similarity
	Site	63	1	Priming of reverse-transcription by covalently linking the first nucleotide of the (-)DNA By similarity

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P17394-1 [UniParc]. Last modified August 1, 1990. Version 1. Checksum: 30541B1F7E9A8910	FASTA	843	94,219
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MPLSYQHFRK LLLLDDEAGP LEEELPRLAD EGLNHRVAED LNLGNPNVSI PWTHKVGNFT 70 80 90 100 110 120 GLYSSTVPVF NPEWQTPSFP DIHLQEDIVD RCKQFVGPLT VNENRRLKLI MPARFYPNVT 130 140 150 160 170 180 KYLPLDKGIK PYYPEHVVNH YFQTRHYLHT LWKAGILYKR ESTHSASFCG SPYSWEQDLQ 190 200 210 220 230 240 HGRLVFQTSK RHGDKSFCPQ SPGILPRSSV GPCIQSQLRK SRLGPQPTQG QLAGRPQGGS 250 260 270 280 290 300 GSIRARIHPS PWGTVGVEPS GSGHTHICAS SSSSCLHQSA VRTAAYSPIS TSKGHSSSGH 310 320 330 340 350 360 AVELHHFPPN SSRSQSQGSV LSCWWLQFRN SKPCSEYCLS HIVNLIEDWG PCAEHGEHRI 370 380 390 400 410 420 RTPRTPARVT GGVFLVDKNP HNTTESRLVV DFSQFSRGNT RVSWPKFAVP NLQSLTNLLS 430 440 450 460 470 480 SNLSWLSLDV SAAFYHLPLH PAAMPHLLVG SSGLSRYVAR LSSNSRIINH QHGTMQDLHN 490 500 510 520 530 540 SCSRNLYVSL MLLYKTYGWK LHLYSHPIIL GFRKIPMGVG LSPFLLAQFT SAICSVVRRA 550 560 570 580 590 600 FPHCLAFSYM DDVVLGAKSV QHLESLYAAV TNFLLSLGIH LNPNKTKRWG YSLNFMGYVI 610 620 630 640 650 660 GSWGTWPQDH IVQNFKLCFR KLPVNRPIDW KVCQRIVGLL GFAAPFTQCG YPALMPLYAC 670 680 690 700 710 720 IQAKQAFTFS PTYKAFLSKQ YMTLYPVARQ RPGLCQVFAD ATPTGWGLAI GHQRMRGTFV 730 740 750 760 770 780 SPLPIHTAEL LAACFARSRS GANLIGTDNS VVLSRKYTSF PWLLGCAANW ILRGTSFVYV 790 800 810 820 830 840 PSALNPADDP SRGRLGLYRP LLRLPYRPTT GRTSLYADSP SVPSHLPDRV HFASPLHVAW RPP

References

[1]	"Typing hepatitis B virus by homology in nucleotide sequence: comparison of surface antigen subtypes." Okamoto H., Tsuda F., Sakugawa H., Sastrosoewignjo R.I., Imai M., Miyakawa Y., Mayumi M. J. Gen. Virol. 69:2575-2583(1988) [PubMed: 3171552] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Hepatitis B virus replication." Beck J., Nassal M. World J. Gastroenterol. 13:48-64(2007) [PubMed: 17206754] [Abstract] Cited for: REVIEW.

Web resources

HepSEQ

Hepatitis virus B database

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBL GenBank DDBJ	D00329 Genomic DNA. No translation available.
PIR	JDVLJ1. D28925.
3D structure databases
SMR	P17394. Positions 360-602, 370-687.
ModBase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR001462. DNApol_viral_C. IPR000201. DNApol_viral_N. IPR000477. Reverse_transcriptase. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00336. DNA_pol_viral_C. 1 hit. PF00242. DNA_pol_viral_N. 1 hit. PF00078. RVT_1. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PROSITE	PS50878. RT_POL. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

DPOL_HBVB1

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P17394

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 1, 1990
Last sequence update:	August 1, 1990
Last modified:	January 19, 2010
This is version 54 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Virus (Virus annotation project)